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为进一步提高湛江等鞭金藻室外规模化培养效率,对管道式光生物反应器、聚乙烯桶和水泥池3种微藻室外规模化培养模式下湛江等鞭金藻的藻密度进行了评估比较.试验将接种藻密度控制为10.0×104 cells/mL,培养周期为16 d.结果显示:管道式光生物反应器培养模式下,生产力相对最高为0.0543 g/L/d、比生长速率为0... 相似文献
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海洋尖尾藻对2种海洋微藻的摄食特征研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为研究海洋尖尾藻对双色藻和齿状纹石藻的摄食特征,分别采用2种海洋微藻为饵料培养海洋尖尾藻,分析海洋尖尾藻对2种海洋微藻的摄食过程、培养液颜色变化特征和摄食规律。结果显示,海洋尖尾藻摄食双色藻时将藻丝一段一段慢慢裹入纵沟,而齿状纹石藻整个细胞同时被裹入纵沟。海洋尖尾藻接种6 h后,对2种海洋微藻的摄食率均为100%。随着海洋尖尾藻细胞初始密度(双色藻培养液中分别为0.8×104、2.4×103和0.8×103个/mL,齿状纹石藻培养液中分别为3.9×103、2.4×103和1.7×103个/mL)降低,其种群在初始密度为3.4×107个/mL的双色藻培养液中达到稳定期所需时间增加,分别为接种后第3、4和6天,双色藻被摄食完毕所需时间也增加,分别为接种后第5、10和15天;海洋尖尾藻种群在初始密度为6.6×105个/mL的齿状纹石藻培养液中达到稳定期所需时间增加,分别为接种后第4、5和12天,齿状纹石藻被摄食完毕所需时间也增加,分别为接种后第6、7和13天。研究表明,海洋尖尾藻对不同大小和体制类型的双色藻和齿状纹石藻的摄食过程不同,培养方式对培养液颜色变化产生影响,饵料藻种类以及饵料藻和海洋尖尾藻最初浓度配比会影响海洋尖尾藻摄食,15 d培养过程中双色藻种群和齿状纹石藻种群均向海洋尖尾藻种群发生了演替。 相似文献
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初始密度对微小亚历山大藻生长及产麻痹性贝类毒素的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为研究微小亚历山大藻生长和产麻痹性贝类毒素(PSP)的规律,采用不同初始密度对微小亚历山大藻进行培养,综合采用显微镜计数、小鼠生物检测(MBA)、高效液相色谱—柱后衍生(HPLC-FLD)等方法分析微小亚历山大藻在不同接种密度条件下的生长和产毒特性.结果表明,随着初始密度增加微小亚历山大藻通过静止期的时间缩短,到达最大生长密度的时间提前,但是生长的最大细胞密度和平均比生长率却呈下降趋势,增值模型反应的情况与观测结果相一致,随着初始密度的增加,依赖于初始种群密度的参数(a)减少,环境容量(K)减少,种群瞬时增殖速度(r)下降.4种不同初始密度(0.05×104、0.10×104、0.15×104、0.30×104cells/mL)条件下,微小亚历山大藻细胞的毒性呈现先增大后减小趋势,在初始密度为0.1×104 cells/mL条件下,同一生长期内细胞毒性比其他3个密度条件下高.HPLC检测微小亚历山大藻含有的毒素为GTX1-4,含量分别为2.14、2.08、4.97、5.04 fmol/cell.综合考虑微小亚历山大藻在生长过程中的细胞最大密度、达到最大密度所用时间以及细胞毒性大小等因数,采用(0.10～0.15)×104 cells/mL接种密度培养微小亚历山大藻,能够达到较好的产毒效果. 相似文献
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本研究以锥状斯氏藻(Scrippsiella trochoidea)、蛋白核小球藻(Chlorella pyrenoidosa)、四尾栅藻(Scenedesmus quadricauda)、条纹小环藻(Cyclotella striata)作为实验藻种,将浓度为107 CFU/ml的菌株A3分别加入到4种微藻的单种藻液、2种藻混合藻液、3种藻混合藻液中,每48 h观察藻细胞形态并统计藻细胞数量,实验周期为10d,以探究菌株A3对4种微藻的溶藻效果.结果显示,在单种藻实验中,加菌组锥状斯氏藻细胞于第1天失去运动活性,细胞拉长变形,第5天细胞壁破裂溶解,第10天细胞密度为7.07× 102 cells/ml,显著低于对照组的2.90× 104 cells/ml (P＜0.05);实验期间,加菌组蛋白核小球藻细胞形态保持完整,第10天藻细胞密度为2.58× 107 cells/ml,显著高于对照组的2.09× 107 cells/ml (P＜0.05);加菌组四尾栅藻细胞形态保持完整,与对照组藻细胞密度无显著差异(P＞0.05);加菌组条纹小环藻细胞于第8天溶解,第10天对照组与加菌组藻细胞密度分别为4.38× 105 cells/ml、1.78×105 cells/ml,加菌组藻细胞密度显著低于对照组(P＜0.05).混合藻实验中,菌株A3对各种微藻的溶藻效果与单种藻实验结果类似,菌株A3对锥状斯氏藻生长具有显著的溶藻作用,对蛋白核小球藻与四尾栅藻无溶藻作用,对条纹小环藻生长具有较弱的溶藻作用.研究表明,菌株A3具有溶藻选择性,对锥状斯氏藻具有显著的溶藻作用,而对其他3种藻无溶藻作用或溶藻作用相对较弱. 相似文献
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为探索湛江等鞭金藻室内大规模培养的可行性,分析比较了在管道式光生物反应器和聚乙烯袋培养模式下,湛江等鞭金藻生长密度、比生长速率、叶绿素含量及有机物含量的变化情况。试验将接种藻密度控制在10.0×104 cells/mL,培养周期为16 d。结果显示,在管道式光生物反应器培养模式下,藻密度可达1.97×106 cells/mL,显著高于聚乙烯袋培养模式下的藻密度（0.99×106 cells/mL）(P<0.05);两种模式下,湛江等鞭金藻的比生长速率分别达到0.396 7、0.327 5/d;管道式光生物反应器模式下,叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素、最高总蛋白、最大可溶性糖的质量浓度分别为0.46、0.44、0.92、107.267 7、9.587 8 mg/L,最大生物量（干质量）为0.160 1 g/L,聚乙烯袋培养模式下,叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素、最高总蛋白、最大可溶性糖的质量浓度分别为0.26、0.26、0.52、62.564 5、5.559 1 mg/L,最大生物量（干质量）为0.098 6 g/L,管... 相似文献
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用干酵母作为褶皱臂尾轮虫的饵料,进行工厂化培养试验。结果表明:(1)在水温25~28℃,盐度23-25。连续充气的条件下,轮虫生长繁殖稳定;(2)经过7-10 d的培养,A、B、C三个水泥池内轮虫的密度分别从接种时的16、23、38个／ml增加到269、312、266个／ml.平均日增殖率为0.346、0.404、0.443;(3)A、B、C三个水泥池,连续培养59~70 d,经52-63次采收,分别收获褶皱臂尾轮虫1494×108、1748×108、2149.2×108个,合计收获轮虫5391.2×108个,饵料生产力为7.17、8.54、10.55;(4)采用合适的干酵母投喂方法和投喂量,定期带水采收,使轮虫密度保持在200~300个／ml,并补充等量培养用水,可以获得长期稳产的效果。 相似文献
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中肋骨条藻生产性培养的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过对中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum Greville)进行近2年生产性培养,总结出一套切实有效的培养方法。在接种密度为1万-3万个细胞／ml下,经过3～5天的连续充气培养,藻密度可达80万-130万个细胞/ml。为对虾育苗厂中肋骨条藻生产性培养提供参考。 相似文献
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本研究以锥状斯氏藻(Scrippsiella trochoidea)、蛋白核小球藻(Chlorella pyrenoidosa)、四尾栅藻(Scenedesmus quadricauda)、条纹小环藻(Cyclotella striata)作为实验藻种,将浓度为107 CFU/ml的菌株A3分别加入到4种微藻的单种藻液、2种藻混合藻液、3种藻混合藻液中,每48 h观察藻细胞形态并统计藻细胞数量,实验周期为10 d,以探究菌株A3对4种微藻的溶藻效果。结果显示,在单种藻实验中,加菌组锥状斯氏藻细胞于第1天失去运动活性,细胞拉长变形,第5天细胞壁破裂溶解,第10天细胞密度为7.07×10~2 cells/ml,显著低于对照组的2.90×10~4 cells/ml(P0.05);实验期间,加菌组蛋白核小球藻细胞形态保持完整,第10天藻细胞密度为2.58×10~7 cells/ml,显著高于对照组的2.09×10~7 cells/ml(P0.05);加菌组四尾栅藻细胞形态保持完整,与对照组藻细胞密度无显著差异(P0.05);加菌组条纹小环藻细胞于第8天溶解,第10天对照组与加菌组藻细胞密度分别为4.38×105 cells/ml、1.78×10~5 cells/ml,加菌组藻细胞密度显著低于对照组(P0.05)。混合藻实验中,菌株A3对各种微藻的溶藻效果与单种藻实验结果类似,菌株A3对锥状斯氏藻生长具有显著的溶藻作用,对蛋白核小球藻与四尾栅藻无溶藻作用,对条纹小环藻生长具有较弱的溶藻作用。研究表明,菌株A3具有溶藻选择性,对锥状斯氏藻具有显著的溶藻作用,而对其他3种藻无溶藻作用或溶藻作用相对较弱。 相似文献
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实验室条件下，分别以面包酵母和扁藻为饵料培养褶皱臂尾轮虫（以下简称轮虫）。结果表明，轮虫摄食扁藻的生长繁殖效果要好于摄食酵母。以扁藻为食物，其带卵率和带卵数分别为45．5％和3．1个，而以酵母为食物，其带卵率和带卵数仅分别为32．5％和2．2个。在轮虫接种密度情况下（经一个培养周期7天），轮虫密度分别为54个／ml、32．5／ml。 相似文献
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Association between the interannual variation in the oceanic environment and catch rates of bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) in the Atlantic Ocean 
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下载免费PDF全文 The environmental processes associated with variability in the catch rates of bigeye tuna in the Atlantic Ocean are largely unexplored. This study used generalized additive models (GAMs) fitted to Taiwanese longline fishery data from 1990 to 2009 and investigated the association between environmental variables and catch rates to identify the processes influencing bigeye tuna distribution in the Atlantic Ocean. The present findings reveal that the year (temporal factor), latitude and longitude (spatial factors), and major regular longline target species of albacore catches are significant for the standardization of bigeye tuna catch rates in the Atlantic Ocean. The standardized catch rates and distribution of bigeye tuna were found to be related to environmental and climatic variation. The model selection processes showed that the selected GAMs explained 70% of the cumulative deviance in the entire Atlantic Ocean. Regarding environmental factors, the depth of the 20 degree isotherm (D20) substantially contributed to the explained deviance; other important factors were sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height deviation (SSHD). The potential fishing grounds were observed with SSTs of 22–28°C, a D20 shallower than 150 m and negative SSHDs in the Atlantic Ocean. The higher predicted catch rates were increased in the positive northern tropical Atlantic and negative North Atlantic Oscillation events with a higher SST and shallow D20, suggesting that climatic oscillations affect the population abundance and distribution of bigeye tuna. 相似文献
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In this experiment, a feeding trial was performed to determine the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus juveniles (initial weight 38.3 ± 0.5 g), and the fish were examined following feeding with six levels of FOS (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 g/kg) for 28 days. Significant enhancement of weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) was found in fish fed 1 g/kg FOS incorporated diets (p < .05), while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the 1, 2 g/kg FOS groups reduced significantly compared with the control (p < .05). Besides, the crude lipid in the 4, 6 g/kg FOS groups increased significantly compared with the control (p < .05). On the other hand, the erepsin and lipase activities significantly elevated in intestine of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS (p < .05) and the lysozyme activity in serum of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than that in the control (p < .05). Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase activities in serum of fish fed 0.5, 1, 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than in control (p < .05). Regression analysis showed that the relationships between dietary FOS levels and either SGR, FCR, erepsin or lysozyme activities were best expressed by regression equations, and the optimal inclusion levels are 1.37, 1.80, 3.06, 3.11, 1.93 and 1.80 g/kg for SGR, FCR, erepsin, lipase, lysozyme and total superoxide dismutase activities, respectively. Overall, this study revealed that FOS incorporated diets could beneficial for L. japonicus culture in terms of increasing the growth, digestion and immune activities. Under the present experimental condition, the optimal supplementary level of FOS in the diet of L. japonicus is 1–3 g/kg. 相似文献
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Liping Li Rui Wang Wanwen Liang Xi Gan Ting Huang Yan Huang Jian Li Yunliang Shi Honglin Luo Ming Chen 《广西水产科技》2014,(1)
Previously, we reported 10 PEGE types of 85 tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae(GBS), which shifted from Streptococcus iniae in China, by using PEGE method. Presently, larger and more representative tilapia GBS were isolated, for the ?rst time in China, to characterize their serotypes and genetic diversities more precisely than had done before. 168 GBS strains were distributed in ?ve provinces of China, in which Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan were the major ones, holding36.9%(62/168), 37.5%(63/168) and 19.6%(33/168), respectively. Serotypes, Ia, Ib and III, were observed in these strains and the most predominant one was Ia(95.2%), which mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. Ia initially occurred in 2009, it shoot up to 32.1% in 2010,but decreased to 16.1% in 2011 before went up to 45.2% in 2012. Ib sporadically occurred during2007–2011, III onlyoccurred in 2012. 14 different PFGE types, including 4 new types(N, O,P and Q), were observed, in which B, D, F and G were the predominant types, holding 83.9%(141/168) of the total GBS strains. Ia corresponded to 11 PFGE types(A–H, N–P), in which type D predominated(51%). Ib represented 3 genotypes(I, J and Q) and III harbored only 2genotypes(N and F). Type N and Fsynchronously presented in Ia and III. In summary, the genetic diversity of tilapia GBS varied by serotypes and changed with geographical locations and years.Although Iastillpredominated, new rareserotypeIII alreadyoccurred in China. 相似文献
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Iciar Martinez Amaya Velasco Ricardo Pérez-Martín Eskil Forås Michiaki Yamashita Carmen G. Sotelo 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(4):289-297
The purpose of this work was to evaluate the suitability of a method based on the presence of two restriction sites (for Hae III and Hindf I) in the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (mt ND5) gene to identify Scomber species. The evaluation was performed on 144 reference and market samples by sequencing of the entire 505-bp fragment of the mt ND5 gene and of a 464-bp fragment of the Kocher fragment of the cytochrome b gene (mt Cytb). Sequence analysis of any of the two fragments allows the identification of each of the four Scomber species, but S. japonicus and S. colias had the same restriction sites at the ND5 amplicon and would not have been differentiated by this analysis. Similarly, loss of the Hae III site in some S. scombrus individuals would have misidentified them as not being Scomber. All the market products were correctly labeled except one acquired in Spain labeled as originating in the Atlantic and containing S. japonicus. 相似文献
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Growth hormone (GH) and reproduction: a review 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Florence Le Gac Odile Blaise Alex Fostier Pierre-Yves Le Bail Maurice Loir Brigitte Mourot Claudine Weil 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1993,11(1-6):219-232
Interaction between growth and reproduction occurs in many vertebrates and is particularly obvious at certain stages of the life cycle in fish. Endocrine interactions between the gonadotropic axis and the somatotropic axis are described, the potential role of GH being emphasised. A comparative analysis of these phenomena in mammals, amphibians and fish, suggests a specific role of GH in the physiology of puberty, gametogenesis and fertility. It also shows the original contribution made by studies on the fish model in this field of investigations. 相似文献
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Two gonadotropins (GtH; Qa and Qb) were purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography from the pituitaries of Indian walking catfish (Clarias batrachus). The presence of GtH during purification was assessed by in vitro oocyte maturation and in vivo steroidogenic activity, and their identities were determined by elution profiles, molecular weight, biological activities and yield. The molecular weights of Qa and Qb were 37 and 42 kDa, respectively, and composed of distinct subunits (Qa: 20 and 14 kDa and Qb: 26 and 18 kDa). Polyclonal antibodies raised against Qa immunostained Qa, Qb and pituitary GtH cells. A competitive Qa‐ELISA was developed whose sensitivity was 6.25 ng mL?1 (1.25 ng well?1) with intra‐ (3.5%) and inter‐ (12.4%) assay coefficients of variation. Displacement curves parallel to the standard were obtained with plasma and pituitary extracts of catfish, Qb and carp GtHII. The assay was validated by measuring the plasma Qa levels after LHRH treatment and in relation to ovarian growth in the female catfish during different reproductive phases. Based on the results, Qa and Qb corresponded to fish LH and FSH respectively. The findings will increase the knowledge of the mechanisms controlling fish reproduction and identification of sensitive phases in fish in captivity for hormonal manipulation. 相似文献
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Controlled infection of Poecilia reticulata Peters (guppy) with Tetrahymena by immersion and intraperitoneal injection 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 G Sharon M Pimenta‐Leibowitz M C L Vilchis N Isakov D Zilberg 《Journal of fish diseases》2015,38(1):67-74
Tetrahymena is a protozoan parasite, which infects guppy, Poecilia reticulata Peters, and causes substantial economical losses in commercial farms worldwide. Studies of guppy infected by Tetrahymena require standardized infection protocols. The LD50 for Tetrahymena infection of guppies by intraperitoneal (IP) injection was calibrated, and the level obtained was 946 parasites per fish. Guppy infection with Tetrahymena by immersion, imitating the natural route of infection via the integument, was studied under normal or stress conditions. Exposure to cold and netting (CNI) and to cold only (CI) followed by immersion exposure to 10 000 Tetrahymena per mL resulted in 22.5% and 19.2% mortality, respectively, as compared to 14.2% and 10% in groups that were netted only (NI) or non‐stressed (I). Histopathology revealed that immersion infection resulted in a systemic infection. Lysozyme levels, measured 3 weeks after infection, were significantly higher in the CNI group (288 μg per mg protein) compared with CI‐, NI‐ and I‐treated groups (94.5, 64 and 62.3 μg mg?1, respectively). There was no evident parasite immobilization activity in body homogenates, suggesting no development of acquired immunity. Re‐infection by IP injection revealed no increase in protection in any of the treatment groups, mortality range of 56.3–75%, higher than in the non‐exposed control (40.6% mortality). 相似文献
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