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《河北渔业》2017,(12)
鸭绿江茴鱼(Thymallus arcticus yaluensis Mori)为我省特有珍稀冷水性鱼类,已被IUCN(世界自然保护联盟)列为极危(CR)种。为有效保护这一濒危物种,扩大自然种群资源,对鸭绿江茴鱼的性成熟年龄、人工繁殖方法、鱼苗培育、饵料投喂等进行了系统研究。鸭绿江茴鱼属于分批产卵类型,平均产卵量800~1 080粒/尾,卵径1.5~2.5mm,卵呈淡黄色,为沉性微黏性卵。在平均水温7.5℃条件下:积温115~135℃·d时受精卵发眼;160~180℃·d开始破膜;190~200℃·d破膜结束;250℃·d左右开始上浮;290℃·d左右开口。人工繁殖试验中,孵化率:72.12%~73.56%;上浮率:80%~87.5%。破膜时鱼体长1cm左右,上浮后鱼体长达1.5cm~2.5cm。 相似文献
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为实现斑[HT5”,7]鱼[KG-*3]祭全人工繁育,在室内水泥池采用人工养成的1龄和2龄斑[HT5”,7]鱼[KG-*3]祭进行了繁殖试验。试验中观察发现,斑[HT5”,7]鱼[KG-*3]祭亲鱼均在傍晚天色刚暗时开始自然产卵,持续约0.5 h后产卵结束；斑[HT5”,7]鱼[KG-*3]祭亲鱼有摄食鱼卵的习性,产卵后需立即进行流水集卵。2龄斑[HT5”,7]鱼[KG-*3]祭(共147尾,总体质量15.6 kg)自开始产卵至结束共持续40 d,其间仅有2 d未产卵,共产卵3 594 g,分离得到上浮卵1 372 g,上浮卵率为38.2%；产卵开始时水温14.7 ℃,结束时21.3 ℃；产卵后的亲鱼陆续批量死亡。1龄斑[HT5”,7]鱼[KG-*3]祭(共611尾,总质量22.6 kg)自开始产卵至结束共持续20 d,其间有5 d未产卵,共产卵488 g,分离得到上浮卵213 g,平均上浮卵率为43.6%,产卵后的亲鱼未发现有批量死亡现象。 相似文献
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2010年2～5月进行了金鳟自繁试验,获得金鳟受精卵9.55万粒.在同一孵化室内培育至发眼卵,分别置于室内和室外不同的环境条件下继续孵化,结果显示:受精卵在孵化室内(水温6.1℃)经40～42 d的孵化,全部发眼,发眼率96.8%,发眼积温达244～256℃·d.发眼卵在孵化室内的积温达到336～342℃·d时开始破膜,孵化率91.2%;在凉棚下积温达到315～322℃·d时开始破膜,孵化率89.1%.试验证明:在金鳟发眼卵孵化时适当提高水温可缩短孵化期,昼夜温差对金鳟发眼卵孵化率的影响不大. 相似文献
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真蛸为福建省近年来新兴的海水养殖优良种类,具有较高的营养价值、商品价值和产业化养殖前景。本文报道了福建省水产研究所2008年-2011年真蛸人工繁殖及受精卵孵化结果：127头雌亲蛸经强化培育,共有77头产卵,获卵194×10^4粒,孵出143．4×10^4头浮游幼体。雌亲蛸获产率46．2％～86．7％,卵子受精率75．6％-91．8％,受精卵孵化率77．9％～95．0％。在20．0～22．5℃水温条件下,真蛸受精卵经21～36d开始孵出,孵出后4～6d为孵出高峰,每窝卵开始孵出至孵化结束维持10—16d。 相似文献
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本文报道了陆封型大西洋鲑全人工繁殖的实验结果。 2 0 0 0年 1月从美国缅因州格兰特湖增殖站引进的陆封型大西鲑发眼卵 ,在北京房山中国水产科学研究院鲟鱼繁育技术工程中心进行了发眼卵孵化、苗种培育 ,亲鱼养成实验研究。结果表明 :引进的发眼卵经 930d ( 1 1 783度日 )培育成产卵亲鱼 ,雌、雄亲鱼成熟系数分别为 42 7%、 4 2 3% ;怀卵量为 1 0 98～ 362 1粒 /尾 (叉长 36～ 5 5cm) ,平均卵径 5 4mm (吸水膨胀前 )、 6 2mm(吸水后 ) ;平均卵重 8 5粒 /g (吸水后 )、 7 5粒 /g (吸水前 ) ;精液浓度 2 0 0亿个 /ml,精子寿命 70～ 90s,精子快速运动时间为 2 0～ 40s;个体繁殖率E (粒 )与叉长 (L)的相关公式为E =1 32 5L - 3671 8,相关系数r=0 89。受精卵在水温 6～ 1 1℃进行孵化 ,达到发眼所需积温为 2 64 5℃·d ;达到破膜所需 483℃·d ;仔鱼上浮所需 880℃·d。试验亲鱼雌、雄按 2比 1配组 ,1 0 75尾雌鱼共采卵 90 47万粒 ,受精率为 89 88%、发眼率为77 83%。产卵后 ( 3个月后 )存活率分别为雌鱼 30 % ,雄鱼 1 0 %。 相似文献
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简要介绍我国珍贵的濒危物种细鳞鱼人工繁育研究的进展和最新试验结果。试验采卵3300粒，受精率97．9％，发眼率80％，孵化率95％，但上浮率较低，仅24％。细鳞鱼苗的培育在不同水温下进行，经35d对比试验：平均水温16．4℃的A组由0．08g增至0．8g，成活率77．7％；平均水温11．6℃的B组由0．08g增至0．43g，成活率66．9％。本文为细鳞鱼的保护、资源恢复，以及合理开发利用提供了理论指导，为细鳞鱼在我国大面积推广养殖打下了坚实的理论基础。 相似文献
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采用形态观察与连续组织切片技术,观察和研究了哲罗鱼（Hucho tai men）肝脏和胰脏在胚胎期（水温7～8℃）和胚后期（水温3～14℃）的发育。结果表明,与大多数硬骨鱼类不同,哲罗鱼的肝脏是在破膜前就开始发生、发育,而胰脏是在破膜后出现,以后逐渐发育完善。受精18 d肝原基细胞出现,破膜8 d,胰细胞出现,破膜8 d肝后部开始贮存脂质,破膜18 d后肝前部开始积累脂质,肝脏发育与卵黄囊有密切的关系。肝脏和胰脏为相互分开的独立器官,具有丰富的肝、胰管。 相似文献
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Association between the interannual variation in the oceanic environment and catch rates of bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) in the Atlantic Ocean 
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下载免费PDF全文 The environmental processes associated with variability in the catch rates of bigeye tuna in the Atlantic Ocean are largely unexplored. This study used generalized additive models (GAMs) fitted to Taiwanese longline fishery data from 1990 to 2009 and investigated the association between environmental variables and catch rates to identify the processes influencing bigeye tuna distribution in the Atlantic Ocean. The present findings reveal that the year (temporal factor), latitude and longitude (spatial factors), and major regular longline target species of albacore catches are significant for the standardization of bigeye tuna catch rates in the Atlantic Ocean. The standardized catch rates and distribution of bigeye tuna were found to be related to environmental and climatic variation. The model selection processes showed that the selected GAMs explained 70% of the cumulative deviance in the entire Atlantic Ocean. Regarding environmental factors, the depth of the 20 degree isotherm (D20) substantially contributed to the explained deviance; other important factors were sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height deviation (SSHD). The potential fishing grounds were observed with SSTs of 22–28°C, a D20 shallower than 150 m and negative SSHDs in the Atlantic Ocean. The higher predicted catch rates were increased in the positive northern tropical Atlantic and negative North Atlantic Oscillation events with a higher SST and shallow D20, suggesting that climatic oscillations affect the population abundance and distribution of bigeye tuna. 相似文献
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Liping Li Rui Wang Wanwen Liang Xi Gan Ting Huang Yan Huang Jian Li Yunliang Shi Honglin Luo Ming Chen 《广西水产科技》2014,(1)
Previously, we reported 10 PEGE types of 85 tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae(GBS), which shifted from Streptococcus iniae in China, by using PEGE method. Presently, larger and more representative tilapia GBS were isolated, for the ?rst time in China, to characterize their serotypes and genetic diversities more precisely than had done before. 168 GBS strains were distributed in ?ve provinces of China, in which Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan were the major ones, holding36.9%(62/168), 37.5%(63/168) and 19.6%(33/168), respectively. Serotypes, Ia, Ib and III, were observed in these strains and the most predominant one was Ia(95.2%), which mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. Ia initially occurred in 2009, it shoot up to 32.1% in 2010,but decreased to 16.1% in 2011 before went up to 45.2% in 2012. Ib sporadically occurred during2007–2011, III onlyoccurred in 2012. 14 different PFGE types, including 4 new types(N, O,P and Q), were observed, in which B, D, F and G were the predominant types, holding 83.9%(141/168) of the total GBS strains. Ia corresponded to 11 PFGE types(A–H, N–P), in which type D predominated(51%). Ib represented 3 genotypes(I, J and Q) and III harbored only 2genotypes(N and F). Type N and Fsynchronously presented in Ia and III. In summary, the genetic diversity of tilapia GBS varied by serotypes and changed with geographical locations and years.Although Iastillpredominated, new rareserotypeIII alreadyoccurred in China. 相似文献
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Iciar Martinez Amaya Velasco Ricardo Pérez-Martín Eskil Forås Michiaki Yamashita Carmen G. Sotelo 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(4):289-297
The purpose of this work was to evaluate the suitability of a method based on the presence of two restriction sites (for Hae III and Hindf I) in the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (mt ND5) gene to identify Scomber species. The evaluation was performed on 144 reference and market samples by sequencing of the entire 505-bp fragment of the mt ND5 gene and of a 464-bp fragment of the Kocher fragment of the cytochrome b gene (mt Cytb). Sequence analysis of any of the two fragments allows the identification of each of the four Scomber species, but S. japonicus and S. colias had the same restriction sites at the ND5 amplicon and would not have been differentiated by this analysis. Similarly, loss of the Hae III site in some S. scombrus individuals would have misidentified them as not being Scomber. All the market products were correctly labeled except one acquired in Spain labeled as originating in the Atlantic and containing S. japonicus. 相似文献
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In this experiment, a feeding trial was performed to determine the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus juveniles (initial weight 38.3 ± 0.5 g), and the fish were examined following feeding with six levels of FOS (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 g/kg) for 28 days. Significant enhancement of weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) was found in fish fed 1 g/kg FOS incorporated diets (p < .05), while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the 1, 2 g/kg FOS groups reduced significantly compared with the control (p < .05). Besides, the crude lipid in the 4, 6 g/kg FOS groups increased significantly compared with the control (p < .05). On the other hand, the erepsin and lipase activities significantly elevated in intestine of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS (p < .05) and the lysozyme activity in serum of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than that in the control (p < .05). Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase activities in serum of fish fed 0.5, 1, 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than in control (p < .05). Regression analysis showed that the relationships between dietary FOS levels and either SGR, FCR, erepsin or lysozyme activities were best expressed by regression equations, and the optimal inclusion levels are 1.37, 1.80, 3.06, 3.11, 1.93 and 1.80 g/kg for SGR, FCR, erepsin, lipase, lysozyme and total superoxide dismutase activities, respectively. Overall, this study revealed that FOS incorporated diets could beneficial for L. japonicus culture in terms of increasing the growth, digestion and immune activities. Under the present experimental condition, the optimal supplementary level of FOS in the diet of L. japonicus is 1–3 g/kg. 相似文献
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Growth hormone (GH) and reproduction: a review 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Florence Le Gac Odile Blaise Alex Fostier Pierre-Yves Le Bail Maurice Loir Brigitte Mourot Claudine Weil 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1993,11(1-6):219-232
Interaction between growth and reproduction occurs in many vertebrates and is particularly obvious at certain stages of the life cycle in fish. Endocrine interactions between the gonadotropic axis and the somatotropic axis are described, the potential role of GH being emphasised. A comparative analysis of these phenomena in mammals, amphibians and fish, suggests a specific role of GH in the physiology of puberty, gametogenesis and fertility. It also shows the original contribution made by studies on the fish model in this field of investigations. 相似文献
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Two gonadotropins (GtH; Qa and Qb) were purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography from the pituitaries of Indian walking catfish (Clarias batrachus). The presence of GtH during purification was assessed by in vitro oocyte maturation and in vivo steroidogenic activity, and their identities were determined by elution profiles, molecular weight, biological activities and yield. The molecular weights of Qa and Qb were 37 and 42 kDa, respectively, and composed of distinct subunits (Qa: 20 and 14 kDa and Qb: 26 and 18 kDa). Polyclonal antibodies raised against Qa immunostained Qa, Qb and pituitary GtH cells. A competitive Qa‐ELISA was developed whose sensitivity was 6.25 ng mL?1 (1.25 ng well?1) with intra‐ (3.5%) and inter‐ (12.4%) assay coefficients of variation. Displacement curves parallel to the standard were obtained with plasma and pituitary extracts of catfish, Qb and carp GtHII. The assay was validated by measuring the plasma Qa levels after LHRH treatment and in relation to ovarian growth in the female catfish during different reproductive phases. Based on the results, Qa and Qb corresponded to fish LH and FSH respectively. The findings will increase the knowledge of the mechanisms controlling fish reproduction and identification of sensitive phases in fish in captivity for hormonal manipulation. 相似文献
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Qin-Cheng Huang Di‐Gen Qin Bei‐Ping Tan Tao Du Yuan-Zhi Yang Qi-hui Yang Shu‐Yan Chi Xiao-hui Dong 《Aquaculture Research》2020,51(2):816-827
A 5 × 3 factorial growth trial was conducted to evaluate optimal dietary protein and lipid levels (dietary protein level, DP; dietary lipid level, DL) for juvenile Sillago sihama (S. sihama) (2.0 ± 0.02 g, initial weight). Fish were fed 15 diets containing 5 DPs (350, 400, 450, 500 and 550 g/kg) and 3 DLs (60, 90 and 120 g/kg) for 8 weeks. The interaction between proteins and lipids significantly influenced the feed conversion ratio, condition factor, body composition, antioxidant indices and lipase activity (p < .05). DP 450 g/kg showed the highest average final body weight. DPs 500 and 550 g/kg significantly decreased the protein efficiency ratio (p < .05). DL 120 g/kg showed the highest percentage weight gain. The low feed conversion ratio was found in diets P45L12, P55L9 and P55L12. Diet P45L12 showed high superoxide dismutase activities. DP 450 g/kg showed the lowest average malondialdehyde content. Lipase activity was increased by increasing DP (p < .05) with a fall at DP 550 g/kg. Under the present experimental conditions, the optimal DP for S. sihama was 450 g/kg under the DL 120 g/kg. 相似文献