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1.
为了解河南省羊布鲁氏菌病流行现状以及羊养殖场感染风险因素,按照两阶段抽样检测方法,采集某县羊养殖场和散养村的羊血清样品,采用虎红平板凝集和试管凝集垂直试验进行布鲁氏菌检测。结果显示,该县散养村的羊布鲁氏菌病表观群体流行率为16.35%,真实群流行率为18.17%(95%CI:12.14%~24.20%),养殖场的表观群体流行率为22.22%,真实群流行率为25.60%(95%CI:13.87%~37.33%)。风险因素分析结果显示,“羊贩随意进出养殖场(OR=18.50,95%CI:1.82~188.39)”和“共用种公羊(OR=12.00,95%CI:1.11~129.42)”是该县羊养殖场感染布鲁氏菌的主要风险因素。结果表明,该县羊布鲁氏菌病流行较为严重,提示该县需要加强布鲁氏菌病防控,提高养羊场户的生物安全管理水平,加强散养村内种公羊的布鲁氏菌监测与净化,及时淘汰阳性羊。 相似文献
2.
为了解四川省达州市山羊场布鲁氏菌病传播的风险因素,根据阳性养殖场分布情况,采用病例对照研究的方法,在全市6个区(县)的58个阳性场(病例)和387个阴性场(对照)进行问卷调查,对养殖场基本情况、饲养管理状况、生物安全措施等方面的25项风险因素进行单因素分析、Pearson相关性检验和多因素Logistic回归分析,同时构建Logistic回归方程,计算模型的预测概率并建立ROC曲线。结果显示:该市羊场感染布鲁氏菌的风险因素为:"养殖场存栏量在50头以上"(OR=9.08,95%CI:2.91~28.39,P0.01);"养殖场启用年限在2012年前"(OR=12.57,95%CI:3.69~42.85,P0.01);"养殖场近1年内引入过羊只"(OR=9.11,95%CI:1.08~77.29,P=0.04);"从达州市以外地区引羊"(OR=19.30,95%CI:1.94~192.41,P=0.01);"新购入羊只不隔离直接混群"(OR=6.78,95%CI:1.33~34.45,P=0.02);"临产母羊不隔离饲养"(OR=5.63,95%CI:1.61~19.72,P=0.01)。拟合回归模型的ROC曲线下面积为92.6%(95%CI:88.9%~96.4%),说明该模型预测羊场是否感染布鲁氏菌的能力较好。研究结果表明,达州市山羊场感染布鲁氏菌的主要风险因素为对外引羊,以及养殖场户生物安全意识和布鲁氏菌病认知度较差。这提示相关部门应重点加强羊只移动的检疫监管,积极对养殖场户开展布鲁氏菌病宣传干预。 相似文献
3.
为综合定量评价羊群布鲁氏菌病传播风险因素,以“羊”或“布鲁氏菌病”与“风险因素”或“影响因素”和“brucellosis”and“sheep”and“risk factor”and “China”为检索策略,收集已发表的关于国内羊群布鲁氏菌病传播风险因素的研究文献,根据异质性大小,采用随机或固定效应模型评价各风险因素的作用。共有9篇文献符合纳入标准,包含6 950个养殖场户,其中阳性场户466个,涉及传播风险因素21个。外购混养饲养模式是最主要的场间传播风险因素,合并后OR为3.27（95%CI,1.49~7.18）,其次是共用或交换种公羊、1年内引入羊只、不主动申报检疫、近1年内有经纪人进羊圈、运输工具不消毒等,合并后的OR及95%CI也均大于1;对流产母羊进行治疗或不处理是最主要的场内传播风险因素,合并后OR为3.80（95%CI,1.55~9.30）,其次是对产羔地不消毒、流产物随意丢弃和圈舍不消毒情况等,合并后OR及95%CI也均大于1;场点类型、启用时间和存栏量等综合性因素也与布鲁氏菌病传播有关。建议在布鲁氏菌病防控工作中,采取针对性措施,实现精准化防控。本研究为更好地预防和控制我国羊群布鲁氏菌病提供了依据。 相似文献
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为掌握陕西省西安市牛羊养殖场职业暴露人群布鲁氏菌感染风险因素,做好高危人群布鲁氏菌病防控工作,2019年对西安市39个布鲁氏菌病阳性养殖场及346位职业暴露高危人群进行流行学调查,并采用单因素分析及多因素logistic回归分析,找出养殖场高危人群感染风险因素。结果显示:畜间布鲁氏菌病在养殖方式上主要发生于散养场(27/39),时间上发生于4月、7—8月、10月,在畜种上以羊群为主(28/39)。对从业人员主观潜在风险因素的单因素分析发现,感染从业人员与未感染高危人员在挤奶、喝生牛羊乳、接生、免疫、接触流产畜(流产物及粪便)病差异均有统计学意义(P 0.05);多因素logistic回顾分析发现,挤奶(OR=2.435,95%CI=1.137～5.071)、喝生牛羊乳(OR=2.893,95%CI=1.218～7.569)、接生(OR=3.217,95%CI=1.382～8.036)、接触流产畜(流产物及粪便,OR=2.439,95%CI=1.175～5.209)是从业人员感染的风险因素。同时,对养殖场客观潜在风险因素的单因素分析及多因素logistic回顾分析显示,场区消毒(OR=0.694,95%CI=0.307～1.043)、流产病死畜无害化处理(OR=0.549,95%CI=0.325～1.105)也是从业人员感染的风险因素。结果表明,挤奶、喝生牛羊乳、接生、接触流产畜(流产物及粪便)是从业人员感染的主观性风险因素,场区消毒、流产病死畜无害化处理是从业人员感染的客观风险因素。结果提示,牛羊养殖场及从业人员应加强对上述感染风险因素的控制,降低暴露风险。同时,相关机构应开展牛羊养殖场职业暴露人群布鲁氏菌病防控知识科普宣传,提升其防范能力。 相似文献
5.
[目的]估计莱西市奶牛布鲁氏菌病的流行率和地理分布,分析奶牛养殖场间布鲁氏菌病的传播风险因素。[方法]对莱西市1803个养殖户30119头应检奶牛,全部采样,采用虎红平板凝集和试管凝集垂直试验,同时开展奶牛布鲁氏菌病问卷调查。利用GIS、Epi Infor TM 7和SPASS软件,开展横断面研究和case-control研究,分析莱西市奶牛布鲁氏菌病阳性场户的空间分布、布鲁氏菌病流行率和养殖场间的风险因素分析。[结果]莱西市布鲁氏菌病的场户血清流行率是2.55%,个体血清流行率为0.38%;单因素分析发现存栏量、养殖模式、养殖环境、是否有专用产犊场地、挤奶方式、运奶方式、粪污是否分开处理、是否使用机械处理粪便等8个因素与奶牛布鲁氏菌病发生有一定关系（p<0.2）;多因素logistic回归分析表明,存栏量少（10只以下）（OR=4.58,95%CI：1.87-11.23,p=0.001）和散养户集中村饲养（OR=2.21,95%CI：1.05-4.63,p=0.036）与该病发生相关。 相似文献
6.
为描述宁夏彭阳县肉牛布鲁氏菌病场户表观流行率空间分布模式,探究肉牛布鲁氏菌病高风险区域及其影响因素,基于彭阳县2021年3月开展的肉牛布鲁氏菌病横断面调查结果,应用地理信息系统(ArcGIS)软件进行全局空间自相关和局部空间自相关分析,使用SaTscan软件分析肉牛布鲁氏菌病高风险区域和空间聚集性,用GeoDetector探测其空间分布异质性影响因素。结果显示:在全局自相关分析中,全局莫兰指数(Global Moran's I)为正值(P<0.001),说明彭阳县不同感染程度的肉牛养殖场户呈现了明显的聚类特征;在局部自相关分析中,高值(H-H)聚集区主要集中在白阳镇、红河镇和冯庄乡,热点分析也显示出较为一致的结果;在空间聚集性分析中,彭阳县肉牛布病存在3个高风险地理聚集区(P<0.05),分别位于白阳镇、红河镇和冯庄乡;GeoDetector探测显示,乡镇肉牛存栏量、养牛场户离主要交通公路距离和周围养牛场户数影响肉牛布鲁氏菌病的空间分布异质性。结果表明,彭阳县肉牛布鲁氏菌病存在不同程度的聚集性,主要聚集在白阳镇、红河镇和冯庄乡。结果提示,应采取相应措施加大对较高风险区域乡镇的肉牛布鲁氏菌病控制,同时要加强对其他乡镇的肉牛布鲁氏菌病监测。 相似文献
7.
本研究采用横断面研究方法,通过两个阶段的随机抽样检测,结合问卷调查,获得大连市羊群布鲁氏菌病血清流行率及感染风险因素,初步了解了当地养羊场户对布鲁氏菌病防控相关知识的掌握情况和行为实践特点。研究结果表明,大连市羊布鲁氏菌病场群血清流行率为8.89%(95%CI:6.14%~11.63%)。从饲养模式看,调查的6个种羊场均无布鲁氏菌病感染,而商品代饲养场和散养村羊群布鲁氏菌病血清流行率分别为13.33%(95%CI:5.64%~21.03%)和8.21%(95%CI:5.24%~11.17%),差异不显著(X~2=1.93,p=0.170.05)。从饲养品种看,不同品种羊群之间的布鲁氏菌病血清流行率差异也不显著(X~2=0.15,p=0.930.05)。单因素分析结果表明,"与其他养羊场户共用种公羊""产后胎衣丢弃和喂狗""流产物喂狗""与其他养羊场户共用交通工具""近一年羊贩子进羊圈""近一年在交易市场买卖羊"等行为是羊群感染布鲁氏菌病的风险因素,而"购入前检测布鲁氏疾病"是显著的保护性因素。进一步的logistic回归分析表明,"近一年在交易市场买卖羊"(OR=4.91,95%CI:1.57%~15.35%)"流产物处理不当"(OR=1.87,95%CI:1.06%~3.30%)是主要的羊群布鲁氏菌病感染风险因素。"知信行"调查结果表明,大连市养羊从业者对布鲁氏菌病的认知程度较好,说明兽医部门的宣传工作有成效。但从行为实践角度来看,仍有部分养羊场户存有侥幸心理,在日常养殖和生活中不采取降低布鲁氏菌病感染风险的措施。 相似文献
8.
为了解宁夏回族自治区彭阳县肉牛支原体感染状况,估计其血清学流行率,探明可能影响肉牛感染支原体的风险因素,本调查采用横断面研究方法,于2021年3月在彭阳县12个乡镇共计采集2 800份肉牛血清样品,以间接ELISA方法检测肉牛支原体感染抗体水平,并抽取了746个肉牛养殖场户进行现场问卷调查。结果显示,彭阳县肉牛支原体血清学场户表观流行率(HAP)为25.7%(95%CI:22.6%～29.0%),真实流行率(HTP)为31.4%(95%CI:25.2%～38.2%);单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析显示,养牛场户的规模、养牛场户离主要交通公路的距离和其所在乡镇的经济水平与肉牛感染支原体存在密切关联。根据结果建议处于较高风险区域的养牛场户应采取生物安全措施加强对肉牛的饲养管理,降低肉牛感染支原体带来的经济损失。 相似文献
9.
为估算河南省平顶山市奶牛布鲁氏菌病的流行率,分析可能的场间传播风险因素,对该地区68个奶牛养殖场（户）进行流行病学调查。采用虎红平板凝集和试管凝集试验垂直检测方法,估计的奶牛布鲁氏菌病群体表观流行率（AP）为11.76%,个体AP为2.22%（95%CI,1.97%~2.49%）,真实表观流行率（TP）为0.28%（95%CI,0.12%~0.50%）。Logistic回归分析表明,场区没有有效隔离、不能自繁自养、调入奶牛没有隔离栏舍是奶牛布鲁氏菌病场间传播的潜在风险因素。建立的回归模型拟合度较好（P=0.05）,ROC曲线面积为0.871（95%CI,0.817~0.964）,预测概率较好。结果表明,平顶山市奶牛布鲁氏菌病流行率较低,整体控制效果良好,但存在一些潜在场间传播风险因素,需要加强防范,并应持续开展净化工作。本研究可为该地区奶牛布鲁氏菌病防控策略改进及净化示范区工作推进提供数据支持。 相似文献
10.
湖南省新化县近几年动物布鲁氏菌病疫情和人间病例不断增多。为掌握新化县羊群布鲁氏菌病的群体流行率,了解饲养场户、贩运户和经销商对该病的知晓情况以及羊贩运户和经销商的一般经济行为,寻找养殖环节中导致布鲁氏菌感染的风险因素,应用流行病学方法,以新化县10个乡镇现存栏羊15只以上的养殖场户为研究对象,第一阶段以场户为单位,以估计流行率为目的,以名单为抽样框,随机抽样;第二阶段在群内选择个体,以发现疫病为目的,随机或基于风险采样。将采集的血清样品,采用虎红平板凝集和竞争酶联免疫吸附垂直试验进行检测。重点调查出现动物布鲁氏菌病疫情和人间病例乡镇的养殖场,以及活羊贩运经纪人和经销商等从业人员,掌握羊群布鲁氏菌病流行情况和活羊流通情况。调查结果显示:新化县高风险区存栏羊15只以上养殖场户的羊布鲁氏菌病流行率为0(95%CI:0～2.8%);新化县羊养殖场户以小规模自繁自养为主,一般放牧于自家附近山头;出栏羊主要在县内流通,养殖场户内生物安全防护措施不到位;养殖场户的布鲁氏菌病总体知晓率为80.6%,屠宰零售商为15.2%,贩运经纪人为25.0%,职业人群自我防护差;活羊调入以省外为主,冬季调运频繁,主要流向屠宰终端,经纪人在流通环节中充当重要角色。调查结果提示:应加强活羊流通领域的检疫监管,特别是冬季,要提高监测频次;当地需坚持实行"监测+扑杀"的综合防控策略,持续开展布鲁氏菌病相关的健康宣教和行为干预,重点针对屠宰经销商和经纪人,以提高职业人群的预防意识,培养其良好的职业行为和习惯。本研究为新化县布鲁氏菌病防控提供了依据,也为全国布鲁氏菌病防控积累了经验。 相似文献
11.
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1984,25(9):347-350
In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario.
Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously.
相似文献12.
Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1982 总被引：8，自引：8，他引：0
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1983,24(7):227-229
13.
Owen J Slocombe D McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1986,27(9):324-328
In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%).
Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada.
相似文献14.
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1989,30(6):504-508
In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%). 相似文献
15.
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1985,26(10):323-327
In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal.
Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection.
相似文献16.
17.
Slocombe JO Villeneuve A 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1993,34(10):630-633
In late November 1991, 1883 clinics in Canada were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in 1991 and there was a 60.0% response. There were 344,031 dogs tested for heart-worm (HW), 627 were found infected and the prevalence of HW infection was 0.18%. There were 417 dogs with HW in Ontario, 116 in Manitoba, 38 in Quebec, 53 in British Columbia, three in Alberta, and one in Nova Scotia. In British Columbia, all of the infected dogs but one were from the Okanagan valley which, as from 1991, is a new focus of infection in Canada. Most dogs with HW had not been on preventive medication in 1990, and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 0.59%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Companion dogs, over three years of age and maintained primarily outdoors in rural areas, were most frequently infected. One cat was diagnosed with D. immitis and 33 dogs had Dipetalonema reconditium. 相似文献
18.
In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated.
Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively.
相似文献19.
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1988,29(8):641-646
In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%). 相似文献
20.
Owen J Slocombe D McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1987,28(8):491-495
In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%).
Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada.
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