共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
1.
2.
奶牛乳房炎是造成奶牛生产经济损失的重要原因之一。为了指导双城市奶牛生产,试验对双城市奶牛临床型乳房炎病原菌进行了分离鉴定与药敏试验,结果一共分离出76株细菌,主要致病菌为金黄色葡萄球菌、无乳链球菌、大肠埃希菌,药敏试验结果是环丙沙星、氧氟沙星、头孢唑林比较敏感,可以应用这些药物进行治疗。 相似文献
3.
4.
上海地区奶牛乳房炎主要病原菌的分离鉴定及耐药性分析 总被引：12，自引：1，他引：11
为了获得上海地区奶牛乳房炎病原菌及其药物敏感性的系统资料并为指导临床合理用药和提高奶牛乳房炎防治效果提供理论依据,本研究对在上海郊区4个奶牛场采集的临床型和隐性乳房炎患牛的126份奶样进行细菌培养、分离鉴定和药敏试验.共分离到萄葡球菌,无乳链球菌,大肠杆菌3种主要病原菌107株,其中金黄色葡萄球菌74株,占分离菌株的69.16%;无乳链球菌27株,占分离菌株的25.23%;病原菌单独感染率为48.78%,其中金黄色葡萄球菌的单独感染率达39.02%;病原菌混合感染率占51.22%,多为金黄色葡萄球菌和无乳链球菌混合感染.主要病原菌对头孢拉定、环丙沙星、庆大霉素敏感,对大多数抗菌素产生了不同程度的耐药性,对氨苄青霉素产生了完全耐药性. 相似文献
5.
6.
奶牛乳房炎是奶牛最常发生的疾病之一,给奶牛养殖业带来了巨大的经济损失。病原菌感染是奶牛乳房炎最主要的病因。目的：为了了解新疆部分地区9个规模化奶牛场奶牛乳房炎的发病情况和致乳房炎主要病原菌的流行现状。方法：本研究通过对新疆部分地区9个规模化奶牛场进行现场流行病学调查并结合实验室检查。对新疆部分地区9个规模化奶牛场中临床型乳房炎与隐性乳房炎牛只进行了病原菌的分离鉴定和耐药性分析,应用敏感药物进行了药敏试验。共采集奶样1236份,通过在甘露醇高盐琼脂平板、麦康凯琼脂平板、脱纤维无菌绵羊血琼脂平板上对样品连续划线培养后并结合涂片、染色、镜检中共分离出疑似葡萄球菌742株、革兰氏阴性杆菌531株、链球菌371株。初步判定金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、无乳链球菌等是引起新疆部分地区奶牛乳房炎的主要病原菌。结果：最后通过特异性引物的PCR鉴定结果,最终获得371株金黄色葡萄球菌、297株大肠杆菌、112株无乳链球菌。结论：药敏结果显示这三种病原菌对头孢噻肟、环丙沙星药物高度敏感。可为新疆部分地区奶牛场防治乳房炎的临床用药提供一定的理论依据。 相似文献
7.
探究奶牛临床型乳房炎病原菌分离鉴定与药敏试验建议.选择某地患有临床型乳房炎病牛的奶样30份,分别进行病原的分离鉴定与药敏试验.其中大肠杆菌和热带假丝酵母菌是最主要的两种病原菌,菌株数达到34株,占79.06%,并且两种及其以上菌所造成混合感染的奶样共有11份.本次所分离的热带假丝酵母菌对抗真菌药物高度敏感的主要是酮康唑和制霉菌素,敏感性比较低主要是氟康唑、两性霉素B以及伊曲康唑.通过对奶牛临床型乳房炎病原菌进行必要的分离鉴定与药敏试验.有助于将其中最主要的病原菌类型和合理的抗生素药物准确的筛选出来,进而可以为临床用药提供必要的指导,乳房炎的发病率也可以得到有效的降低,从而有助于奶牛业的长远发展. 相似文献
8.
9.
奶牛临床型乳房炎病原菌的分离与鉴定 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
奶牛乳房炎是奶牛常见病和多发病之一，其病因复杂，难以防制，给奶牛饲养业带来了巨大的经济损失。作者通过对某奶牛场的奶牛临床型乳房炎病原菌进行分离、鉴定，从105份样品中共分离出76株细菌，经培养特性、染色镜检、生化鉴定等试验，鉴定出无乳链球菌58株，占分离菌的76.32%；大肠杆菌18株，占分离菌的23.68%。本试验结果表明，无乳链球菌是奶牛临床型乳房炎的主要病原菌，其次是大肠杆菌。这为奶牛乳房炎的防制提供了重要依据。 相似文献
10.
11.
Osumi T Kishimoto Y Kano R Maruyama H Onozaki M Makimura K Ito T Matsubara K Hasegawa A 《Veterinary microbiology》2008,131(3-4):419-423
This study is the first investigation on Japanese isolates of Prototheca zopfii from bovine mastitis and the cow-barn surroundings by molecular characterization to clarify routes of infection for bovine protothecal mastitis. We performed isolation of Prototheca from cow-barn surroundings (drinking water, sewage and feces) and milk samples from cases of bovine mastitis. Genotypes of the 32 isolates of P. zopfii from cow-barn surroundings and 67 isolates from mastitis were analyzed by genotype-specific PCR assays and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) assays. All mastitis isolates were identified as P. zopfii genotype 2. Conversely, 29 isolates from cow-barn surroundings were identified as P. zopfii genotypes 1 and 3 isolates as genotype 2, respectively. Given these results, both genotypes of P. zopfii could exist in cow-barn surroundings, but no sites were identified as frequent sources of P. zopfii genotype 2. P. zopfii isolates should thus be further explored with regard to genotype to clarify the reservoir of etiological agents in bovine Prototheca mastitis. 相似文献
12.
Jagielski T Lassa H Ahrholdt J Malinowski E Roesler U 《Veterinary microbiology》2011,149(1-2):283-287
Bovine mastitis due to unicellular, achlorophyllous algae of the genus Prototheca is a serious and complex ailment that accounts for high economic losses in the dairy industry. Bovine protothecal mastitis has been almost exclusively associated with only one species Prototheca zopfii. Recently, based on the 18S rDNA sequence analysis, P. zopfii has been divided into three genotypes (1-3), of which P. zopfii genotype 3 has been given the status of a new species Prototheca blaschkeae sp. nov. The aim of this study was to investigate the genotypic composition of the population of P. zopfii bovine mastitis isolates from Poland, according to that threefold classification. Of the 44 isolates tested, 43 (98%) were identified as P. zopfii genotype 2. Only one isolate was assigned to the newly established P. blaschkeae species. These findings clearly show the predominance of the P. zopfii genotype 2 in the etiology of bovine mammary protothecosis in Poland, but also underline the involvement of P. blaschkeae in the disease. The study is the first to provide molecular characterization of Polish P. zopfii mastitis isolates, collected from different regions of Poland. 相似文献
13.
Antibacterial activity of bovine lactoferrin hydrolysates (LFH) on microorganisms isolated from bovine mastitis, and superoxide (O(2)(-)) production of bovine neutrophils were evaluated. Antibacterial effects of LFH were measured in vitro against Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci, Streptococci, Enterococci, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, yeast-like fungi and Prototheca zopfii isolated from clinical cases of bovine mastitis. To compare susceptibilities against LFH, minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were determined by a micro-plate assay method. Most organisms were sensitive to LFH. Prototheca zopfii was highly sensitive to LFH; the growth of the microorganism was inhibited completely even at 1 mug/ml. Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were resistant to LFH. The production of O(2)(-) by bovine neutrophils was used to evaluate the effect of LFH administration on functional activity. Increase in O(2)(-) production by bovine neutrophils occurred upon addition of LFH to neutrophils. These results demonstrate that LFH possesses antibacterial activity against pathogens that cause mastitis and activates neutrophil superoxide production. 相似文献
14.
To elucidate the spectra of Prototheca species and P. zopfii genotypes in milk samples from mastitis affected cattle, 200 Prototheca-isolates of 57 German dairy cattle barns were analyzed by species- and genotype- specific PCR and RFLP analysis. The investigations showed that 177 (88.5%) of all isolates represented P. zopfii genotype 2, 21 (10.5%) isolates represented P. blaschkeae and two (1.0%) P. zopfii genotype 1. Therefore mainly P. zopfii genotype 2 but also P. blaschkeae act in the epidemiology of mastitis in cattle, whereas the role of P. blaschkeae in development of bovine protothecal mastitis should be further explored in epidemiological studies. In this study P. blaschkeae was demonstrated for the first time in association with bovine mastitis in Germany. 相似文献
15.
16.
Jánosi S Szigeti G Rátz F Laukó T Kerényi J Tenk M Katona F Huszenicza A Kulcsár M Huszenicza G 《The Veterinary quarterly》2001,23(2):80-83
In the last 2 years 223 cases of bovine mastitis caused by Prototheca zopfii infection were identified in 32 large-scale dairy herds. All of these farms were in Hungary, which has a continental type, temperate zone climate. Both the sporadic and epidemic forms of P. zopfii mastitis were observed. All the herds affected by the epidemic form had poor hygienic conditions and suffered from several managerial faults, but no specific predisposing factors could be identified. In almost all of the cases, the type II variant of this pathogen was isolated; however, the type III variant was isolated from three cows. The cows had a higher chance of new infection in the early weeks of lactation and in the summer. The P. zopfii infection usually resulted in a chronic subclinical, or mild clinical, inflammatory process in the udder, and was followed by a dramatic loss in milk production and a permanent increase in somatic cell count. The histopathological findings could be characterized as a progressive interstitial mastitis associated with alveolar atrophy. The self-recovery rate was very low. 相似文献
17.
Mastitis caused by the colourless alga Prototheca zopfii was diagnosed in 17 of 120 cows in a dairy herd. Infection occurred in animals varying from 3-14 years old and was present in one to four quarters of each cow. Nine cases were associated with clinical mastitis characterised by the presence in milk of flakes or small clots. Somatic cell counts consistent with subclinical mastitis (>500 x 10(3) cells/ml) were recorded in five of the eight remaining cows. Histological examination of udder tissue showed the presence of granulomatous lesions associated with the presence of Prototheca. The problem was identified and controlled by repeated microbiological examination of milk samples from all lactating cows and immediate culling of infected animals. P. zopfii was also recovered from environmental water samples on this farm. It is suggested that infection may have occurred as a result of teat sores caused by trauma from a milking machine, and the tendency for cows to lay down on a race, the surface of which was sometimes flooded by drain water in which Prototheca were present. 相似文献
18.
Bovine mastitis caused by Prototheca zopfii: a case study 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
D E Spalton 《The Veterinary record》1985,116(13):347-349
An outbreak of severe indurative mastitis in newly calved cows, from which Prototheca zopfii was isolated, is described. The refractory nature of this type of mastitis and the ineffectiveness of the presently available intramammary preparations are highlighted. 相似文献
19.
Protothecosis is a severe form of mastitis in dairy cows caused by colorless algae of the genus Prototheca. Since P. zopfii is highly resistant to all known chemotherapeutics, infected cows must be removed from the herd. Eradication measures are difficult since many chronically infected cows may become intermittent shedders. Therefore, cultural methods are insufficient for control measures. In order to eradicate Prototheca zopfii-mastitis in dairy cattle herds, two isotype specific indirect ELISA for detection of IgA and IgG1 in whey were used in a dairy herd highly affected with protothecal mastitis. All cows (n = 313) were tested four times in intervals of six months. Milk specimens were examined in parallel by cultivation and serologically using two indirect ELISA systems for specific IgA and IgG1 in whey. Cows tested Prototheca positive were consequently separated from the herd and slaughtered. At the first examination, 15.6% of the animals were found positive by culture, and 23.3% were positive in at least one of the ELISA systems. Within two years, protothecal prevalence and incidence decreased to zero indicating that the eradication strategy used was successful. In summary, serological identification of P. zopfii-infected lactating cows is an useful tool to eradicate protothecal bovine mastitis in infected herds. 相似文献
20.
Sources of Prototheca spp in a dairy herd environment 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A source of Prototheca spp causing mastitis in a herd of 263 milking cows in North Carolina was investigated. Of 38 samples from the dairy environment, 18 (47%) contained Prototheca spp. Isolation sites included cattle drinking water; a feed trough; mud, dirt, and excreted feces from a dirt lounging area; water, sludge, mud, and vegetation from a creek in the lounging area; and the floor of a freestall barn. Samples were collected from 5 additional dairies, including one dairy with and 4 dairies without a history of protothecal mastitis. Prototheca spp were isolated from 48 (25%) of 190 samples from various sites on all 6 dairies. Isolates were P zopfii (45; 94%) and P wickerhamii (3; 6%). Isolation frequency ranged from 4 to 47% of samples/dairy. There was no apparent difference in the isolation frequency of Prototheca spp from samples from dairies with or without a history of protothecal mastitis. Sites characterized by wetness and the presence of organic matter most commonly yielded Prototheca spp. Because Prototheca spp appear to be common in the dairy environment, factors in addition to presence in the environment may be important in development of protothecal mastitis. 相似文献