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1.
《淡水渔业》2021,51(5)
为研究养殖特色淡水鱼成鱼主要脏器系数,并探讨各品种组织器官重量与体重的关系,本研究对杂交鲟(俄罗斯鲟Acipenser gueldenstaedti♀×史氏鲟A.schrenckii♂)、斑点叉尾■(Ietalurus punetaus)、鳜(Siniperca chuatsi)、大口黑鲈(Micropterus salmoides)、黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)、黄鳝(Monopterus albus)和泥鳅(Misgurnus anguillicaudatu)7种特色淡水鱼主要内脏器官测定和比较,并对各脏器重量和体重进行相关性分析,拟合回归方程。结果显示,除黄鳝鳃退化无此器官系数外,7种特色淡水鱼的脏器系数中心脏系数最小,肾脏、胃和肠的脏器系数居中,肝脏系数在所测器官中最大。脏器与体重关系上,杂交鲟肝脏和肠,斑点叉尾■肾脏、脾脏、胃、心脏、鳃、胆囊和肝脏,鳜肠和心脏,大口黑鲈鳃、眼睛、肝脏、脾脏、肠、胃,黄颡鱼鳃、眼睛、肾脏、胃、肠、心脏和肝脏,黄鳝胆囊、肝脏、胃、肾脏和肠,泥鳅鳃、眼睛、脾脏和肠的重量与体重呈显著正相关,符合线性关系。不同性别上,鳜的肝脏系数和大口黑鲈的鳃系数雌、雄之间差异显著,其他脏器系数无显著差异。结果表明,不同品种鱼类之间脏器系数存在显著差异,不同鱼类主要脏器重量与体重之间普遍存在一定线性关系。 相似文献
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为了阐明洪湖碘泡虫(Myxobolus honghuensis)在隐性感染异育银鲫(Carassius auratus gibelio, Bloch)不同组织器官中的分布情况, 本研究采集曾发生过喉孢子虫病养殖池塘的 2 龄健康异育银鲫的鳃(丝)、伪鳃、中肾、头肾、 肌肉、脾脏、肝脏、卵巢、血液等 9 个组织器官, 采用荧光定量 PCR 检测分析了不同组织器官的感染率和相对感染强度。结果显示, 所采集的 30 尾异育银鲫都没有明显临床症状, 但鱼体的洪湖碘泡虫感染率为 100%, 均为隐性感染个体; 各组织器官间的感染率存在较大差异, 除肌肉未检出外, 感染率从高到低依次为: 伪鳃(100.0%)、卵巢 (83.3%)、鳃(73.3%)、脾脏(70.0%)、中肾(36.7%)、头肾(23.3%)、肝脏(10.0%)、血液(6.7%)、肌肉(0)。不同组织器官的相对感染强度由高到低依次为: 伪鳃(14.4349±70.0529)、卵巢(0.9556±1.5627)、脾脏(0.3644±0.7854)、鳃 (0.3339±0.2682)、头肾(0.2722±0.3761)、中肾(0.0379±0.1055)、肝脏(0.0019±0.0022)、血液(0.0012±0.0011)。研究表明, 洪湖碘泡虫可系统感染异育银鲫多个组织器官, 其中, 伪鳃感染率和感染强度最高, 可以作为该病早期检测和疫病监测的首选组织器官。 相似文献
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嗜冷黄杆菌(Flavobacterium psychrophilum)是鲑鳟类细菌性冷水病(bacterial cold water disease, BCWD)的病原菌, 该病的发生和流行严重制约了鲑鳟产业的健康发展。本研究分析嗜冷黄杆菌肌肉注射感染虹鳟(Oncorhynchus mykiss)后病原菌的动态组织分布情况, 以期为 BCWD 的防控提供理论支撑。以 1.0×108 CFU/mL 浓度的嗜冷黄杆菌 CH06 株菌液肌肉注射感染实验虹鳟, 感染后 12 h、24 h、96 h 观察虹鳟临床症状及组织病变, 并利用 qPCR Taqman 探针法检测各组织病原载量。患病鱼的临床病征表现为体色发黑、游动缓慢或不动、食欲不振, 尾柄部注射处肌肉溃烂, 鳃苍白, 脾脏肿大, 伴有腹水。组织病理观察显示, 嗜冷黄杆菌感染后实验鱼注射处肌纤维断裂、溶解; 脾窦扩张, 其内充满红细胞; 肾脏组织含铁血黄素增加, 出现大量空泡变性, 肾小管上皮细胞变性、坏死, 肾间质炎性细胞浸润。qPCR 检测结果表明, 肌肉注射感染 12 h 后即可在脾脏、肝脏、肾脏、肠道、鳃、注射处肌肉、脑和尾鳍中检出嗜冷黄杆菌, 注射处肌肉病原载量最高为(5.85±2.11)×105 copy/μL。感染后 24 h, 脾脏、脑中病原载量较 12 h时上升最多, 其他组织病原载量与感染 12 h 时水平一致, 注射处肌肉病原载量为(6.48±2.07)×105 copy/μL, 显著高于其他组织(P＜0.05)。感染 96 h 后脾脏中的病原载量显著高于其他组织(P＜0.05), 达到(1.15±0.58)× 107 copy/μL; 肝脏、肾脏、脾脏中的病原载量较 24 h 时上升最多。所有被检组织中病原菌载量随时间延长均呈上升趋势。另外, 3 个时间点注射处肌肉的病原平均载量最高, 其次为脾脏, 然后是肾脏和鳃。嗜冷黄杆菌人工感染虹鳟后, 注射处肌肉、脾脏是细菌的重要增殖场所。综上, 嗜冷黄杆菌可随着血液循环进入虹鳟各组织, 并表现出对注射处肌肉、脾脏、肾脏和鳃较强的组织嗜性, 而对肝脏、尾鳍、肠道和脑组织的嗜性相对较弱; 感染时间和病变程度与组织中的病原载量呈正相关。 相似文献
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在自然感染无乳链球菌(Streptococcus agalactiae)的罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)成鱼、稚鱼和自然携带无乳链球菌的罗非鱼体内分别获得14株、4株和2株无乳链球菌。临床和组织病理学分析显示,罗非鱼成鱼出现无规则游动,脑、眼眶、鳃和鳍条充血,眼球突出、白浊,内脏器官肿大、充血,以肾小管玻璃样变性、脑膜炎和心外膜炎等组织病理学变化为特征;罗非鱼稚鱼体表无明显症状,但部分内脏器官呈现肿大、充血现象,以脾脏血管区出血、肾小管上皮细胞变性、脑组织炎症反应较轻为其主要组织病理学特征。此外,罗非鱼胃固有层内及稚鱼肝脏组织中有大量的嗜酸性粒细胞浸润,可观察到无乳链球菌在成鱼的脑、心脏以及稚鱼肝脏中增殖;自然携带无乳链球菌的罗非鱼临床症状和组织学病变均不明显。PCR检测发现,各无乳链球菌毒力基因谱相同,但自然感染无乳链球菌的罗非鱼成鱼、稚鱼和自然携带无乳链球菌的罗非鱼的病理学损伤差异显著。 相似文献
6.
罗非鱼湖病毒对吉富罗非鱼和E-11细胞的感染 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为研究罗非鱼湖病毒在吉富罗非鱼体内和敏感细胞E-11中的感染特性,实验首先从人工感染罗非鱼湖病毒的吉富罗非鱼脾脏中获得罗非鱼湖病毒第4片段基因组,其cDNA全长1 250 bp,开放读码框长度为1 065 bp,编码354个氨基酸。通过进化树分析,该蛋白是罗非鱼湖病毒血凝素—酯酶融合蛋白(HEF)。随后通过在大肠杆菌大量表达和提纯GST融合HEF蛋白,免疫新西兰大白兔,制备了兔抗TiLV-HEF多克隆抗体。ELISA结果显示获得的抗血清效价高于1∶51 200,并且获得的抗体可以特异性识别病毒的TiLV-HEF蛋白。人工感染实验结果显示,TiLV的感染造成鱼体表面溃疡、全身性出血以及眼晶状体混浊等症状。H.E染色结果显示,肝脏形成合胞体,脾脏中含铁血黄素增加和部分细胞空泡变性。头肾出现淋巴细胞坏死,体肾蛋白质沉淀和肾小球坏死等病理症状。Western blot和免疫组织化学结果显示该病毒在所有组织中均有分布,其中脾脏、头肾和鳃中的病毒丰度高于肝脏、体肾和脑组织。通过细胞间接免疫荧光实验,发现TiLV感染E-11细胞后,HEF蛋白在细胞质中。TiLV可以通过感染吉富罗非鱼幼鱼的肝脏、脾脏、头肾、体肾、鳃和脑等组织而引起疾病。 相似文献
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为了解c型溶菌酶基因与长丰鲫(Chang Feng Carassius auratus)的抗菌效应关系,本研究利用同源克隆方法获得长丰鲫c型溶菌酶基因cDNA全长序列。结果显示:c型溶菌酶基因全长698 bp,包括5'端非翻译区60 bp,3'端非翻译区200 bp,开放阅读框438 bp,编码145个氨基酸。长丰鲫c型溶菌酶基因在肾脏组织中表达量最大,在脾脏、肠道、心脏和脑中大量表达,在肝脏和鳃中表达量相对较低,在皮肤和肌肉中几乎不表达。长丰鲫在感染迟钝爱德华氏菌、嗜水气单胞菌和金黄色葡萄球菌后,在肝脏、肾脏、脾脏和鳃等组织中基因表达量均发生显著变化,出现不同程度的上调。感染迟钝爱德华氏菌后,在脾脏中的上调幅度最大,其次为鳃、肝脏和肾脏;感染嗜水气单胞菌后,在脾脏中上调程度最大,其次是鳃;感染金黄色葡萄球菌后,在脾脏中上调幅度最大。在肝脏和肾脏中,经金黄色葡萄球菌刺激后c型溶菌酶基因的上调幅度最高;在脾脏和鳃中,经嗜水气单胞菌感染后c型溶菌酶基因上调幅度最高。三种刺激后,c型溶菌酶基因升高幅度的不同,说明不同刺激使鱼体组织产生的应激反应能力不同。 相似文献
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罗非鱼湖病毒核蛋白的克隆表达、抗体制备及其组织分布 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
近年来罗非鱼湖病毒(TiLV)在多个国家流行,对世界罗非鱼养殖业造成严重威胁。中国是罗非鱼第一养殖大国,尽管我国大陆还没有TiLV的正式报道,鉴于吉富罗非鱼是我国重要的罗非鱼养殖品种,其对TiLV的感染特性研究具有重要意义。本实验采用TiLV对吉富罗非鱼进行人工感染,随后在肝脏组织中克隆和测定了TiLV第6片段基因。罗非鱼湖病毒第6片段基因cDNA全长1044 bp,开放读码框(ORF)为954 bp,编码317个氨基酸,预测分子量为36.38 ku;5′非编码区(NCR)为19 bp,3′非编码区(NCR)为972 bp。系统进化树分析表明该蛋白属于TiLV核蛋白(NP)。随后在大肠杆菌中表达和提纯了GST融合NP蛋白,在新西兰大白兔上制备了多克隆抗体。通过酶联免疫吸附实验(ELISA)检测抗体效价为1∶51200,且抗体可特异性识别感染组织中的病毒NP蛋白。对吉富罗非鱼不同组织进行苏木精—伊红(H.E)染色观察,发现肝脏组织坏死并形成合胞体,脾脏部分细胞出现空泡、坏死,含铁血黄素增多,头肾细胞坏死,鳃丝上皮细胞明显解离脱落,鳃小片黏连,脑组织细胞肿大。通过蛋白印迹法(WB)和免疫组化(IHC)对人工感染TiLV的吉富罗非鱼不同组织进行检测,结果显示,NP蛋白在肝脏、脑、体肾和头肾等组织中均有表达,以肝脏组织中表达量最高。为了解吉富罗非鱼对TiLV的免疫反应,通过实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)测定免疫因子TNF-α和TGF-β在主要免疫器官脾脏和头肾组织中的表达。研究表明,在感染早期(感染后12~24 h),病毒可显著抑制TNF-α和TGF-β在脾脏和头肾中的表达,可能通过抑制宿主这些免疫因子来促进病毒自身早期的复制。本研究将为进一步解读TiLV的致病机理及其高效防控提供理论基础。 相似文献
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恩诺沙星及其代谢产物在吉富罗非鱼、中国对虾体内的残留规律研究 总被引：20，自引：1，他引：20
模拟水产养殖实际,每天以剂量为50μg/g(鱼体重)的恩诺沙星分别给吉富罗非鱼、中国对虾投喂药饵,周期为7d,研究恩诺沙星在罗非鱼和对虾体内的残留与代谢规律,制定停药期。实验结果发现,恩诺沙星在鱼、虾体内均代谢为环丙沙星。在停药的"零"时,鱼肌肉、肝脏和血液中恩诺沙星的含量分别为(3 61±1 02)μg/g、(5 96±2 12)μg/g、(1 25±0 23)μg/mL,消除半衰期分别为15 61,16 83,17 19h。鱼肌肉中代谢物环丙沙星的最高含量为(0 22±0 06)μg/g,消除半衰期67 3h;中国对虾体内恩诺沙星与环丙沙星的最高含量分别为(1 68±0 41)μg/g、(0 066±0 03)μg/g,消除半衰期分别为27 9,33 6h。在本实验条件下,建议罗非鱼的停药期为22d,中国对虾为12d。 相似文献
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为了探究鱼类不同组织中矿物元素的含量，实验以养殖黄颡鱼为对象，采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定了黄颡鱼18个组织(心脏、肝脏、脑、脾脏、肾脏、肌肉、脂肪、前肠、中后肠、眼睛、鳃、尾鳍、鱼鳔、骨骼、胃、皮肤、血液、全鱼)中7种矿物元素(Ca、Mg、Zn、Fe、Cu、Mn和Se)的含量与分布。结果显示，Ca在骨骼、鳃、尾鳍和肌肉中占比较高，在尾鳍和骨骼中含量最高，在脂肪组织中含量最低；Mg在骨骼和肌肉中占比较高，在骨骼和尾鳍中含量最高，在眼睛中含量最低；Zn在骨骼、肌肉、皮肤和眼睛中占比较高，在眼睛中含量最高，在脂肪组织中含量最低；Fe在骨骼、血液和肌肉中占比较高，在血液中含量最高，在脂肪组织中含量最低；Cu在骨骼、肌肉和肝脏中占比较高，在肾脏和肝脏中含量较高，而在脂肪和眼睛中含量最低；Mn在骨骼和肌肉中占比较高，在骨骼和尾鳍中含量较高，在眼睛和脂肪中含量较低；Se在肌肉、骨骼、皮肤和肝脏中占比较高，在脾脏、肝脏、肾脏和前肠中含量较高，在肌肉和脂肪中含量较低。研究表明，黄颡鱼体内含有丰富的矿物元素(Ca、Mg、Zn、Fe、Cu、Mn、Se)，而且在不同组织中具有不同的分布特征。研究采用ICP... 相似文献
11.
An 8‐wk feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the potential of replacing fish meal with canola meal in experimental diets for genetically improved farmed tilapia (GIFT) strain of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (mean initial weight: 20.0 ± 0.62 g, means ± SD), reared in fresh water. Six isonitrogenous (30% crude protein) and isolipidic (10%) diets were formulated with canola meal included at six levels of 0 (control), 11, 22, 33, 44, and 55%, replacing 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, and 75% fish meal, respectively. Growth performance and feed utilization showed no significant differences among the treatments. In general, dietary canola meal supplementation showed significant effect on hepatic composition of tilapia, but not muscle composition. Viscerosomatic index tended to increase with increasing dietary canola meal levels from 0 to 44%, and then declined when dietary canola meal levels further increased from 44 to 55%. Dietary fish meal replacement by canola meal significantly influenced several hepatic enzymatic activities, including succinate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, malic dehydrogenase, lipoprotein lipase, and hepatic lipase, suggesting that dietary fish meal replacement by canola meal had significant effects on nutrient metabolism in the liver. Based on the information above, 75% of dietary fish meal could be replaced by canola meal with no effect on growth performance of GIFT strain of Nile tilapia. Use of canola meal in practical diets for GIFT stain of Nile tilapia may allow producers and feed mills to formulate more economical diets. 相似文献
12.
Rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) were held in metabolizable energy chambers at Standard Environmental Temperature (15°C) for 72h following a single feeding of a semi-purified test diet containing tracer quantities of a radioisotope of zinc (65Zn) and different combinations of dietary calcium level and zinc source. Gill wastes, urine, and feces were separately collected. After 72h, the fish were killed, and samples of the following tissues removed: eyes, skin, muscle, blood, bone, liver, bile, kidney, gill, spleen, stomach, pyloric caeca, intestine, gonad, and remaining carcass. Radioactivity in the tissues and wastes was determined and the body distribution of the ingested zinc was quantified. Approximately 58% of the administered dose of65Zn was recovered. Of the recovered dose, 43.2% was present in the gastro-intestinal tract, 27% in the feces, 14% in the gill water, 16% in the body of the fish, and less than 1% in the urine. Of individual tissues, the gill, liver, kidney, and spleen had concentrations of65Zn higher than blood, while the remaining tissues had lower concentrations. Body and tissue levels were increased but not significantly by feeding65Zn as an amino acid chelate, compared to feeding as inorganic65Zn, while dietary calcium level had no effect. The results of this study indicate that the gills play a major role in excretion of dietary zinc, while the urine plays a minor role. 相似文献
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Fangning Xu Chang Xu Shusheng Xiao Maixin Lu Samwel M. Limbu Xiaodan Wang Zhenyu Du Jian G. Qin Liqiao Chen 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2019,25(3):585-596
The wide use of lipid as a non‐protein energy substitute has led to lipid metabolic problems in cultured tilapia. Therefore, studies that reduce the effects of high‐fat diets in genetically improved farmed tilapia (GIFT) are required. This study evaluated the optimum level and effects of dietary α‐lipoic acid (α‐LA) on growth performance, body composition, antioxidant capacity and lipid metabolism of GIFT tilapia. The basal diet (120 g/kg lipid) was supplemented with six concentrations of α‐LA at 0 (control), L300, L600, L900, L1200 and L2400 mg/kg diet to make the experimental diets, which were fed to GIFT tilapia juveniles (initial body weight: 0.48 ± 0.01 g) for 8 weeks. The weight gain of fish improved significantly in the L300 than other dietary treatments. The intraperitoneal fat index and lipid content of fish fed on the L2400 diet decreased significantly than those fed on the control diet. The activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px) in serum and liver were significantly higher in fish fed on the L300 diet than the control. The reduced GSH content of fish fed on the L300 in serum and liver was significantly higher than those fed on control diet. The malondialdehyde content in serum and liver was significantly lower in L300 than in the control. The adipose triglyceride lipase gene was significantly up‐regulated in fish fed on the L2400, but the diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 gene was down‐regulated in adipose. The liver‐type fatty acid‐binding protein gene in the liver was significantly up‐regulated in fish fed on the L300 and L600 diets. Moreover, the acyl‐coenzyme A oxidase gene in liver was significantly up‐regulated in fish fed on the L300, L600, L900 and L1200 diets. Polynomial regression analysis indicated that 439–528 mg/kg α‐LA is an appropriate dosage in high‐fat diet to improve growth performance and relieve lipid oxidative damage by accelerating lipid catabolism and reducing lipid synthesis in GIFT tilapia. 相似文献
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对我国虹彩病毒感染的大菱鲆Scophthalmus maximus进行的组织病理和超微病理学研究发现,该病典型的病理学特点是在病鱼的脾脏、肾脏、肠、肝脏、鳃、心脏和皮肤等器官组织内出现嗜碱性的肿大细胞。病毒感染导致患病大菱鲆多个器官组织发生了不同程度的病理变化,其中以脾脏组织的病理变化最为显著,表现为造血组织的严重坏死。此外,肾脏造血组织发生坏死、肠固有膜和黏膜下层出血和水肿、肝细胞水样变性、心肌局灶性坏死以及皮肤真皮层出血并伴有水肿和炎性渗出也是该病常见的组织病理学变化。超微病理研究表明,肿大细胞内有虹彩病毒粒子存在。病毒分布于受感染细胞的胞质、组织间隙以及血管腔内。受感染细胞出现线粒体和内质网等细胞器肿胀、崩解等细胞病理变化。研究认为,病毒感染造成皮下组织血管损伤出血,是虹彩病毒感染的大菱鲆发生＂红体病＂的原因所在。虹彩病毒感染所致的机体严重贫血是患病大菱鲆死亡的主要原因,而主要器官组织的病变使得病鱼器官功能衰竭则可加速鱼的死亡。 相似文献
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《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(2):51-61
Various tissues of menhaden fish were analyzed for macro and micro minerals. Tissues selected were gill, heart, intestine, kidney, liver, muscle, spleen, and stomach. Phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, sodium, manganese, and zinc were found to be most concentrated in the gill. Potassium, iron, and boron were least concentrated in the gill. Liver contained the highest concentration of copper, selenium and boron. The stomach was the highest in potassium and lowest in phosphorus. Sodium and selenium concentrations were lowest in the muscle. Mercury concentrations were approximately 2 mg/g dry matter in all tissues 相似文献
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选取4种不同品系罗非鱼, 分别为吉富罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)、奥尼罗非鱼(O. niloticus×O. aureus)、红罗非鱼(O. nilotica♂× O. mossambica♀)和奥利亚罗非鱼(O. aureaus)。在26℃水温下饲养3周后, 选取规格基本一致的罗非鱼(体质量50.73 g±4.23 g)进行低温驯化实验。水温以3℃/d的速度从26℃降至8℃, 分别于水温为26℃、20℃、14℃和8℃时进行采样, 比较不同驯化阶段4种不同品系罗非鱼血清皮质醇和免疫相关指标的变化规律。结果表明, 与26℃时的免疫指标相比, 水温降至8℃时, 吉富与红罗非鱼血清皮质醇水平显著升高; 然而血清C3、C4、IgM以及头肾C型溶菌酶mRNA水平显著下降(P<0.05), 血清中高皮质醇水平对鱼体的免疫产生了抑制作用。水温为8℃时, 奥尼罗非鱼血清皮质醇、IgM和补体C3以及头肾抗菌肽mRNA水平显著升高; 奥利亚血清皮质醇、C4和IgM以及头肾C型溶菌酶mRNA水平与26℃时相比无显著差异, 然而血清溶菌酶与C3水平降低。驯化实验结束后, 比较了4种不同品系罗非鱼在8℃水温下48 h内的累积死亡率。吉富与红罗非鱼组累积死亡率较高, 分别达到43.3%和40.0%; 奥尼罗非鱼其次, 为23.3%; 奥利亚罗非鱼最低, 为20.0%。较高的血清IgM和头肾溶菌酶和抗菌肽mRNA水平可能有助于提高奥尼和奥利亚罗非鱼的抗低温应激能力, 增加低温时的成活率。本研究通过分析4种品系罗非鱼不同驯化阶段血清皮质醇和免疫相关指标, 探讨不同品系罗非鱼在低温驯化过程中的免疫保护机制, 旨在为下一步抗低温新品系罗非鱼的选育提供理论依据。
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应用抗牙鲆淋巴囊肿病毒(lymphocystis disease virus,LCDV)受体蛋白(27.8 ku)的单克隆抗体(2G11和3D9)定位LCDV受体蛋白在牙鲆组织中的分布。通过对牙鲆外周血、白细胞、鳃、胃、肠、表皮、肝脏、头肾、体肾、脾、性腺、脑、心脏等进行LCDV受体蛋白的间接免疫荧光与免疫组织化学定位观察,发现在牙鲆外周血白细胞的细胞膜、鳃上皮细胞、表皮、胃黏膜上皮细胞顶端、肠上皮细胞、肝细胞、脾表层结缔组织细胞及头肾后端的肾小管上皮细胞内均有较强的阳性信号,表明这些部位分布有LCDV的27.8 ku受体蛋白,但在体肾、性腺、脑、心脏及外周血红细胞中未观察到阳性信号。推测LCDV通过与鳃、表皮及消化道上皮的受体结合进入牙鲆体内,通过与外周血白细胞上的受体结合侵染白细胞而进入血液循环,进而感染肝脏、脾脏、头肾等器官。 相似文献
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Preliminary study to evaluate the effects of dietary bile acids on growth performance and lipid metabolism of juvenile genetically improved farmed tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed plant ingredient‐based diets 
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下载免费PDF全文 A 9‐week feeding experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary bile acids (BAs) on juvenile genetically improved farmed tilapia (GIFT) (Oreochromis niloticus) based on the evaluations of growth performance and parameters relevant to lipid metabolism. Each of five vegetable protein‐based diets containing BAs at a level of 0, 0.05, 0.15, 0.45 or 1.35 g/kg diet was fed to three replicates with 40 fish (8.2 g per fish). The results showed that weight gain (WG) increased significantly with the increase in BAs from 0 to 0.15 g/kg diet and then decreased significantly at a higher BA supplementation. Dietary BAs significantly reduced the crude lipid content in the whole body, muscle and liver tissue of GIFT. Fish fed diet with 1.35 g BAs/kg diet developed serious nuclear migration and vacuolization in hepatocytes. Gall bladder appeared to contain white solid and has fragile capsules. Dietary BA supplementation had significant effects on serum biochemical indices and activities of lipid metabolism enzymes in liver and intestine. In conclusion, dietary bile acid supplementation (0.15 g/kg) can facilitate the lipid metabolism and therefore promote the growth of tilapia. However, overdosed dietary BAs induced gallstone development, disrupted lipid metabolism and depressed the growth performances of GIFT. 相似文献
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Wenbo Chen Zhen Zhang Haiyan Dong Fangfang Yan 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2016,42(3):1043-1052