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1.
采用RACE-PCR技术,从牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)组织中克隆了血清应答因子(SRF)基因全长序列,该序列全长2 477 bp,开放阅读框1 503 bp,编码500个氨基酸。通过氨基酸同源序列比对,牙鲆SRF与其它物种的同源性较高,在氨基酸序列的N端具有NLS结构域和高度保守的MADS结构域。用PCR方法扩增SRF基因的编码区片段,克隆到p EGFP-N1载体中,构建真核表达载体p EGFP-N1-SRF,将重组质粒转染牙鲆胚胎细胞,在荧光显微镜下观察转染细胞有绿色荧光蛋白表达。荧光定量PCR和Western blot实验进一步证实,SRF在转染细胞中高表达。说明真核表达载体p EGFP-N1-SRF构建成功,为进一步研究SRF在牙鲆变态发育中的作用奠定了实验基础。  相似文献   

2.
为探索龟鳖类生殖细胞的发育分化机制,实验通过特异性引物克隆了中华鳖dazl基因的cDNA片段,长1 007 bp,其中包括5′端非编码区197 bp,3′端非编码区33 bp,开放阅读框777 bp,编码258个氨基酸。氨基酸序列比对显示其与西部锦龟Dazl同源性最高,达96%;与小鼠Dazl同源性达75%。荧光定量PCR分析结果显示,中华鳖dazl mRNA主要在精巢和卵巢中表达,在体细胞组织中仅检测到微量表达。冰冻切片原位杂交结果显示,中华鳖dazl mRNA在生殖细胞中特异表达,且在不同时期的生殖细胞中呈动态表达模式。在精巢中,中华鳖dazl mRNA在初级和次级精母细胞中表达最强,在精原干细胞中表达水平次之,在精子细胞中未检测到信号;在卵巢中,中华鳖dazl mRNA信号在初级卵母细胞胞质中均匀分布且在最早期的初级卵母细胞中信号最强,随着卵母细胞的增大,信号逐渐聚集并逐渐减弱。研究表明,dazl基因可能对中华鳖两性生殖细胞的发生具有重要的调控作用。  相似文献   

3.
本研究运用同源克隆技术和RACE技术克隆了栉江珧(Atrina pectinata)wnt4基因cDNA全长序列。该基因序列全长为1493 bp,其中开放阅读框1074 bp,编码由357个氨基酸组成的蛋白。氨基酸序列分析表明,栉江珧wnt4基因具有wnt家族保守结构域,与栉孔扇贝(Chlamys farreri)、海胆(Paracentrotus lividus)等物种具有高度的同源性。荧光定量PCR分析表明,wnt4基因表达具有广泛性和组织差异性,且与性别和性腺繁殖周期相关。wnt4基因表达量与性腺成熟度相关,并且整个繁殖周期卵巢表达量均显著高于精巢,说明wnt4基因参与了栉江珧两性性腺的发育,并在卵巢中发挥更重要的作用。不同发育阶段胚胎荧光定量分析表明,wnt4基因主要参与了栉江珧的早期胚胎发育。在胚胎发育早期(囊胚期和原肠期)wnt4基因的表达水平最高,是成体表达量的500倍;在担轮幼虫和D形幼虫期迅速下降,暗示wnt4基因可能在栉江珧早期发育阶段参与了某些器官的形成。17β-雌二醇诱导实验显示,17β-雌二醇可能通过反馈调节抑制卵巢wnt4基因表达(P0.05);短时间处理,17β-雌二醇能诱导精巢wnt4基因显著表达(P0.05)。  相似文献   

4.
采用RACE方法,克隆了背角无齿蚌抗菌肽theromacin基因的cDNA全序列。结果显示,该cDNA序列全长为870 bp,5'端非翻译区104 bp,3'端非翻译区460 bp,开放阅读框长为306 bp,共编码101个氨基酸,相对分子量为11 166.9 u。同源性分析显示,该基因编码的蛋白与三角帆蚌theromacin基因氨基酸序列的相似度最高,为73%;与贻贝中发现的抗菌肽defensins、mytilins、myticins和mytimycins等4种类型相似度较低,属于Macin家族(登录号:KJ598604)。实时荧光定量PCR分析结果显示,该基因在血液、肝脏、外套膜、鳃、斧足和肠等组织中均有表达,在外套膜中的表达量最高,在其他组织中的表达量较低;经嗜水气单胞菌诱导后,各个组织的表达量出现明显上调的趋势且与对照组显著差异,推测theromacin基因可能在背角无齿蚌的免疫反应中起重要作用。  相似文献   

5.
通过PCR技术,从牙鲆(Paralichtys olvaceus)总RNA中克隆了牙鲆Dicer基因序列,该序列全长6 585bp,包括5 691 bp的开放阅读框,编码1 896个氨基酸。在多个物种间的蛋白序列对比中,牙鲆Dicer与其它物种的同源性平均高达78%,与尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)同源性最高达到89%;在进化树分析中,牙鲆Dicer与其它鱼类Dicer聚集一支。荧光定量PCR显示,牙鲆Dicer基因在牙鲆大脑里的表达最高。同样的,在牙鲆胚胎和仔鱼早期发育阶段里也发现了相对高水平的Dicer mRNA表达。在用甲状腺激素(TH)处理过程中发现,牙鲆Dicer基因在用TH处理后17 dph的表达最高。本研究预测了牙鲆Dicer在牙鲆发育和变态过程中扮演的重要角色,为进一步阐明Dicer在牙鲆变态发育中的功能奠定了基础。  相似文献   

6.
为研究酚氧化酶原激活因子(prophenoloxidase-activating factor,PPAF)在凡纳滨对虾感染传染性皮下及造血组织坏死病毒(IHHNV)过程中所起的免疫作用,实验采用逆转录聚合酶链式反应和cDNA末端快速扩增技术克隆了凡纳滨对虾PPAF基因的全长cDNA序列,并通过实时荧光定量PCR技术分析了该基因在正常凡纳滨对虾和感染IHHNV凡纳滨对虾不同组织的表达情况。结果显示,克隆获得了1 986 bp凡纳滨对虾PPAF基因cDNA全长序列(GenBank登录号JQ684529),其中含有一个1 629 bp开放阅读框(ORF),两翼分别存在21 bp(5'端)和336 bp(3'端)的非翻译区。该基因的开放阅读框共编码542个氨基酸,氨基酸序列269~517处存在功能结构域——丝氨酸蛋白酶结构域,氨基酸序列494~502区域存在一个ALPHA-2巨球型免疫蛋白功能位点,316~321区域有一个组氨酸酶活性位点;定量PCR分析发现,该基因无论在正常对虾还是感染IHHNV对虾的心脏、肝胰腺、肠、胃和肌肉中的表达量均较低,在血液和鳃腺中的表达量明显高于其他组织,但感染IHHNV对虾不同组织中PPAF基因的表达量均低于正常对虾相应组织中的表达量。定量检测PPAF基因在对虾鳃腺组织中的表达情况显示,对虾感染IHHNV后,PPAF基因的表达量急剧降低,3 h时至最低,之后表达量逐渐上升,48h时达最高值。研究表明,IHHNV可抑制PPAF基因的表达,因而抑制酚氧化酶原免疫系统的有效激活,或是其感染对虾并在对虾组织内增殖的原因之一。  相似文献   

7.
黄鳝PLA2基因的克隆及表达分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
利用同源克隆技术和RACE技术克隆黄鳝(Monopterus albus)磷脂酶A2(PLA2)基因的cDNA全长;并采用荧光定量RT-PCR法检测PLA2基因在黄鳝各组织中的表达量情况。结果显示:黄鳝PLA2基因全长cDNA大小为2 606 bp(Gen Bank登录号:KX852397),其中开放阅读框2 205 bp,编码736个氨基酸,预测分子大小为83.623 kD,理论等电点5.84;5'和3'非编码区长度分别为208 bp和193 bp。该蛋白序列没有信号肽和跨膜结构。氨基酸序列比对和系统树分析显示,黄鳝PLA2基因的结构十分保守,黄鳝与大黄鱼和金头鲷的PLA2基因亲缘关系最近,与鼠类和蟾蜍的亲缘关系较远。RT-PCR分析表明,PLA2基因在组织中的表达具有组织特异性,在消化器官前肠组织中的表达最高,在性腺及肌肉组织中表达很少。  相似文献   

8.
类胰岛素生长因子结合蛋白(IGFBP)是IGF系统的一部分,主要参与IGF的运输、定位和生物活性调节。本研究采用RACE技术和长PCR技术,克隆了缢蛏IGFBP基因的cDNA和DNA全长序列,应用荧光定量PCR技术分析了缢蛏不同发育时期和不同组织中IGFBP mRNA的表达特征,并进一步筛选了IGFBP基因与生长性状相关的SNP位点。序列分析表明,缢蛏IGFBP cDNA序列全长631 bp,包括5'端非编码区60 bp,3'端非编码区136 bp和开放阅读框435 bp,编码144个氨基酸。该基因含有保守的IGFBP-N端,包含12个半胱氨酸残基,其中1～18个氨基酸为信号肽,属于分泌型蛋白。IGFBP DNA全长3 122 bp,其中包含1个内含子(2 687 bp)和2个外显子(200和235 bp)。荧光定量PCR结果显示,IGFBP mRNA在消化腺组织中表达量最高;在缢蛏的稚贝期,IGFBP mRNA呈现高表达,而在其他发育时期表达量低。在IGFBP基因中筛选到4个SNP位点,其中1个SNP位点与缢蛏的壳长和体质量呈显著相关。  相似文献   

9.
为初步阐明拟赤梢鱼(Pseudaspius leptocephalus)卵巢发育特征及sox3 (sry related high mobility group box 3)基因在其卵巢发育过程中的作用,本研究通过组织切片观察了拟赤梢鱼卵巢早期发育过程,利用RACE技术克隆了该鱼sox3基因cDNA全长序列,并进行生物信息学分析;利用实时荧光定量PCR技术分析了sox3基因在拟赤梢鱼不同组织及性腺不同发育时期的表达模式。结果显示,拟赤梢鱼卵巢在孵化后45 d分化形成,160 d时由Ⅰ期进入Ⅱ期,孵化后360 d,卵巢仍处于Ⅱ期。拟赤梢鱼sox3基因cDNA全长为1 800 bp (GenBank登录号：MT952206),编码299 个氨基酸,存在保守的HMG (histidine, methionine, glycine-rich)结构域。氨基酸序列比对和系统进化树分析结果显示,拟赤梢鱼SOX3蛋白与斑马鱼(Danio rerio)和翘嘴鲌(Culter alburnus)亲缘关系最近。此外,sox3基因在拟赤梢鱼卵巢中表达量最高,其次是脑和眼睛,在精巢和其他组织中微量表达;在性腺分化过程中,sox3基因在卵巢中表达量显著高于未分化性腺和精巢,在卵巢发育阶段表达量不断升高,而在精巢中持续低水平表达。综上,本研究推测sox3基因主要参与拟赤梢鱼卵巢的分化和发育。  相似文献   

10.
采用cDNA末端快速扩增技术(RACE)获得的黑鲷(Acanthopagrus schlegelii,♂)×真鲷(Pagrus major,♀)的杂交子代F_1(AP)与真鲷(Pm)的两组Calmodulin(CaM)基因序列。通过生物软件分析了两者的差异及所表达的蛋白质特性;同时,应用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测了APCaM与PmCaM在仔鱼及2龄鱼的6种不同组织中的表达特征。结果表明:1)克隆得到APCaM与PmCaM的cDNA全长分别为1 230 bp、1 210bp,两基因序列均具有一个450 bp的开放阅读框(Open reading frame,ORF),编码了一个由149个氨基酸组成的多肽,该多肽包含有高度保守的4个EF-hand功能结构域。杂交F_1与真鲷的CaM基因非翻译区差异位点主要在3'端,ORF区域有5个氨基酸差异。2)两基因与其它鱼类的核苷酸序列相似性最高为95%,与氨基酸序列相似性最高为100%;从基因序列结构及蛋白质属性表明APCaM与PmCaM属保守的CaM基因家族。3)定量分析表明CaM在检测组织中均有表达,其中APCaM在脑中表达量最高,PmCaM在性腺中表达最高;APCaM与PmCaM在脑、肌肉、性腺及鳃中的表达存在显著差异(P0.01),在肝、肾组织及仔鱼中的表达无显著差异(P0.05);结合杂交F_1与双亲本在生长及性腺发育上的性状,推测CaM可能与生长及性腺发育调控有关。这些结果为探讨CaM基因在杂交F_1及真鲷亲本中的作用及鲷科育种研究提供基础资料。  相似文献   

11.
The environmental processes associated with variability in the catch rates of bigeye tuna in the Atlantic Ocean are largely unexplored. This study used generalized additive models (GAMs) fitted to Taiwanese longline fishery data from 1990 to 2009 and investigated the association between environmental variables and catch rates to identify the processes influencing bigeye tuna distribution in the Atlantic Ocean. The present findings reveal that the year (temporal factor), latitude and longitude (spatial factors), and major regular longline target species of albacore catches are significant for the standardization of bigeye tuna catch rates in the Atlantic Ocean. The standardized catch rates and distribution of bigeye tuna were found to be related to environmental and climatic variation. The model selection processes showed that the selected GAMs explained 70% of the cumulative deviance in the entire Atlantic Ocean. Regarding environmental factors, the depth of the 20 degree isotherm (D20) substantially contributed to the explained deviance; other important factors were sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height deviation (SSHD). The potential fishing grounds were observed with SSTs of 22–28°C, a D20 shallower than 150 m and negative SSHDs in the Atlantic Ocean. The higher predicted catch rates were increased in the positive northern tropical Atlantic and negative North Atlantic Oscillation events with a higher SST and shallow D20, suggesting that climatic oscillations affect the population abundance and distribution of bigeye tuna.  相似文献   

12.
Previously, we reported 10 PEGE types of 85 tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae(GBS), which shifted from Streptococcus iniae in China, by using PEGE method. Presently, larger and more representative tilapia GBS were isolated, for the ?rst time in China, to characterize their serotypes and genetic diversities more precisely than had done before. 168 GBS strains were distributed in ?ve provinces of China, in which Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan were the major ones, holding36.9%(62/168), 37.5%(63/168) and 19.6%(33/168), respectively. Serotypes, Ia, Ib and III, were observed in these strains and the most predominant one was Ia(95.2%), which mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. Ia initially occurred in 2009, it shoot up to 32.1% in 2010,but decreased to 16.1% in 2011 before went up to 45.2% in 2012. Ib sporadically occurred during2007–2011, III onlyoccurred in 2012. 14 different PFGE types, including 4 new types(N, O,P and Q), were observed, in which B, D, F and G were the predominant types, holding 83.9%(141/168) of the total GBS strains. Ia corresponded to 11 PFGE types(A–H, N–P), in which type D predominated(51%). Ib represented 3 genotypes(I, J and Q) and III harbored only 2genotypes(N and F). Type N and Fsynchronously presented in Ia and III. In summary, the genetic diversity of tilapia GBS varied by serotypes and changed with geographical locations and years.Although Iastillpredominated, new rareserotypeIII alreadyoccurred in China.  相似文献   

13.
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14.
In this experiment, a feeding trial was performed to determine the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus juveniles (initial weight 38.3 ± 0.5 g), and the fish were examined following feeding with six levels of FOS (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 g/kg) for 28 days. Significant enhancement of weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) was found in fish fed 1 g/kg FOS incorporated diets (p < .05), while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the 1, 2 g/kg FOS groups reduced significantly compared with the control (p < .05). Besides, the crude lipid in the 4, 6 g/kg FOS groups increased significantly compared with the control (p < .05). On the other hand, the erepsin and lipase activities significantly elevated in intestine of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS (p < .05) and the lysozyme activity in serum of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than that in the control (p < .05). Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase activities in serum of fish fed 0.5, 1, 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than in control (p < .05). Regression analysis showed that the relationships between dietary FOS levels and either SGR, FCR, erepsin or lysozyme activities were best expressed by regression equations, and the optimal inclusion levels are 1.37, 1.80, 3.06, 3.11, 1.93 and 1.80 g/kg for SGR, FCR, erepsin, lipase, lysozyme and total superoxide dismutase activities, respectively. Overall, this study revealed that FOS incorporated diets could beneficial for L. japonicus culture in terms of increasing the growth, digestion and immune activities. Under the present experimental condition, the optimal supplementary level of FOS in the diet of L. japonicus is 1–3 g/kg.  相似文献   

15.
Growth hormone (GH) and reproduction: a review   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  
Interaction between growth and reproduction occurs in many vertebrates and is particularly obvious at certain stages of the life cycle in fish. Endocrine interactions between the gonadotropic axis and the somatotropic axis are described, the potential role of GH being emphasised. A comparative analysis of these phenomena in mammals, amphibians and fish, suggests a specific role of GH in the physiology of puberty, gametogenesis and fertility. It also shows the original contribution made by studies on the fish model in this field of investigations.  相似文献   

16.
Two gonadotropins (GtH; Qa and Qb) were purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography from the pituitaries of Indian walking catfish (Clarias batrachus). The presence of GtH during purification was assessed by in vitro oocyte maturation and in vivo steroidogenic activity, and their identities were determined by elution profiles, molecular weight, biological activities and yield. The molecular weights of Qa and Qb were 37 and 42 kDa, respectively, and composed of distinct subunits (Qa: 20 and 14 kDa and Qb: 26 and 18 kDa). Polyclonal antibodies raised against Qa immunostained Qa, Qb and pituitary GtH cells. A competitive Qa‐ELISA was developed whose sensitivity was 6.25 ng mL?1 (1.25 ng well?1) with intra‐ (3.5%) and inter‐ (12.4%) assay coefficients of variation. Displacement curves parallel to the standard were obtained with plasma and pituitary extracts of catfish, Qb and carp GtHII. The assay was validated by measuring the plasma Qa levels after LHRH treatment and in relation to ovarian growth in the female catfish during different reproductive phases. Based on the results, Qa and Qb corresponded to fish LH and FSH respectively. The findings will increase the knowledge of the mechanisms controlling fish reproduction and identification of sensitive phases in fish in captivity for hormonal manipulation.  相似文献   

17.
Tetrahymena is a protozoan parasite, which infects guppy, Poecilia reticulata Peters, and causes substantial economical losses in commercial farms worldwide. Studies of guppy infected by Tetrahymena require standardized infection protocols. The LD50 for Tetrahymena infection of guppies by intraperitoneal (IP) injection was calibrated, and the level obtained was 946 parasites per fish. Guppy infection with Tetrahymena by immersion, imitating the natural route of infection via the integument, was studied under normal or stress conditions. Exposure to cold and netting (CNI) and to cold only (CI) followed by immersion exposure to 10 000 Tetrahymena per mL resulted in 22.5% and 19.2% mortality, respectively, as compared to 14.2% and 10% in groups that were netted only (NI) or non‐stressed (I). Histopathology revealed that immersion infection resulted in a systemic infection. Lysozyme levels, measured 3 weeks after infection, were significantly higher in the CNI group (288 μg per mg protein) compared with CI‐, NI‐ and I‐treated groups (94.5, 64 and 62.3 μg mg?1, respectively). There was no evident parasite immobilization activity in body homogenates, suggesting no development of acquired immunity. Re‐infection by IP injection revealed no increase in protection in any of the treatment groups, mortality range of 56.3–75%, higher than in the non‐exposed control (40.6% mortality).  相似文献   

18.
The endemic, anadromous cyprinidChalcalburnus tarichi is the only fish species known to occur in alkaline Lake Van (Eastern Anatolia, Turkey). EightC. tarichi were maintained individually in Lake Van water (17 – 19°C; pH 9.8; 153 mEq·I–1 total alkalinity; 22 total salinity) and tank water samples analyzed for 24 h in 2 to 4 h intervals. At zero time, < 1µM ammonia was present and urea was undetectable in the tank water; at 24 h, total ammonia and urea made up 114±32 and 35±25µM, respectively. Over the experimental period, ammonia-N and urea-N excretion averaged 1041±494 and 607±169moles·kg–1 fish·h–1, respectively. The extent of urea excretion was highly variable between specimens. Uric acid excretion was not detectable.Urea was present at high concentrations in all tissues and plasma (25 – 35moles·g–1·ml–1) of freshly caughtC. tarichi; total ammonia content of the tissues was by a factor of 1.9 (liver) to 3.0 (brain) lower. High arginase activity (2.4±0.2 U·min–1·g–1) was detected in the liver ofC. tarichi but ornithine carbamoylphosphate transferase, a key enzyme of the ornithine-urea-cycle, was absent. Ureagenesis is likely through degradation of arginine and/or uricolysis. High glutamine synthetase activity (11±0.6 U·min–1·g–1) and low ammonia content in brain suggest that, like other teleosts,C. tarichi has an efficient ammonia detoxification in the brain, but in no other tissue.Nitrogenous waste excretion at alkaline pH is discussed. The ability ofC. tarichi to excrete high levels of ammonia at extremely alkaline pH is unique among teleosts studied so far. The mechanism of ammonia excretion under Lake Van conditions remains to be elucidated.  相似文献   

19.
Protein and amino acid composition of the mantle of juvenile O ctopus vulgaris (Cuvier, 1797) during fasting for 27 days were determined. Average protein content of octopus mantle was of 711.19 ± 46.80 g kg?1 DW, and it decreased with increasing fasting days. The non‐essential amino acids content was higher (486.18 ± 11.08 g kg?1 protein) than essential amino acids (425.82 ± 9.15 g kg?1 protein) at the start of the experiment (unstarved animals). The results suggest that the amino acid profile of the mantle where the most abundant amino acids are Arg, His, Lys, Gly, Leu and Pro could indicate a prolonged fasting condition (>20 days) or poor nutrition of O . vulgaris. This study supports the idea of using mantle for metabolic needs of starved O . vulgaris suggesting that the degradation pathway of amino acids to pyruvate and tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates was favoured contrary to the degradation pathway of ketogenic amino acids. Special considerations should be taken concerning Thr, Ile, Ser, Ala, Asx (Asp, Asn), Glx (Glu, Gln) (because of their fast intake) and Lys and His (due to their stable contents) during a prolonged period of fasting.  相似文献   

20.
There has been growing concern about the overuse of antibiotics in the ornamental fish industry and its possible effect on the increasing drug resistance in both commensal and pathogenic organisms in these fish. The aim of this study was to carry out an assessment of the diversity of bacteria, including pathogens, in ornamental fish species imported into North America and to assess their antibiotic resistance. Kidney samples were collected from 32 freshwater ornamental fish of various species, which arrived to an importing facility in Portland, Oregon from Colombia, Singapore and Florida. Sixty‐four unique bacterial colonies were isolated and identified by PCR using bacterial 16S primers and DNA sequencing. Multiple isolates were identified as bacteria with potential to cause disease in both fish and humans. The antibiotic resistance profile of each isolate was performed for nine different antibiotics. Among them, cefotaxime (16% resistance among isolates) was the antibiotic associated with more activity, while the least active was tetracycline (77% resistant). Knowing information about the diversity of bacteria in imported ornamental fish, as well as the resistance profiles for the bacteria will be useful in more effectively treating clinical infected fish, and also potential zoonoses in the future.  相似文献   

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