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1.
利用16SrDNA结合PCR-DGGE技术分析比较了产后45d健康奶牛和患子宫内膜炎奶牛阴道内细菌群落多样性及其差异,并通过切胶、克隆测序等步骤分析了奶牛阴道细菌种类。研究结果表明,患病奶牛DGGE图谱的条带数量、多样性指数均显著高于健康奶牛;健康奶牛阴道优势菌主要有清酒乳杆菌(Lactobacillus sakei subsp.)、魏斯杆菌(Weissella koreensis sp.)和地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillus licheniformis),而患病组奶牛阴道内此3种优势菌含量显著降低或缺失,且也无其他明显优势菌存在;从健康和患病奶牛阴道内均分离出脆弱拟杆菌(Bacteroides fragilis)、溃疡拟杆菌(Bacteroides helcogenes)、无乳支原体(Mycoplasma agalactiae)、普氏菌(Prevotella dentalis)、产气荚膜梭菌(Clostridium perfringens str.)和肠球菌(Enterococcus hirae)等常见病原微生物,在患病奶牛阴道内分离出大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli str.K-12 substr.)、梭杆菌(Fusobacterium nucleatum subsp.)等特定致病菌。研究结果提示,子宫内膜炎奶牛阴道内菌群结构比健康奶牛更为复杂,且无优势菌,阴道菌群结构失衡可能是奶牛发生子宫内膜炎的原因。 相似文献
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探究患子宫内膜炎母猪阴道病原,采用16SrRNA测序技术对健康和患子宫内膜炎母猪阴道菌群进行比较研究。结果表明,患子宫内膜炎母猪阴道菌群的多样性和丰富度均高于健康母猪。与健康母猪阴道菌群组成相比,患子宫内膜炎母猪阴道变形菌门(Proteobacteria)的相对丰度显著增加,而厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和梭杆菌门(Fusobacteria)显著降低(P<0.05)。在属的分类水平上,健康母猪阴道的主要优势菌属有链球菌属、梭菌属、拟杆菌属、放线杆菌等。母猪患子宫内膜炎后,大多数健康组的优势菌属丰度显著降低。特别是子宫内膜炎组中相对丰度最高的菌属Burkholderia-Paraburkholderia在健康组中未检出。试验首次发现,患子宫内膜炎母猪的阴道菌群失衡,其发病可能与Burkholderia-Paraburkholderia数量的增加有关。本研究为研究子宫内膜炎的病因及发病机制奠定基础,并为其治疗提供依据。 相似文献
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为探究患子宫内膜炎母驴阴道病原，本试验从规模化养殖场采集5份患子宫内膜炎母驴病料作为患病组，以6份健康母驴样本作为健康组，采用16S rDNA扩增子测序技术对2个组阴道分泌物样本中的菌群进行比较分析。结果显示，患病组母驴阴道菌群的多样性和丰富度均高于健康组；与健康组相比，患病组母驴阴道变形菌门(Proteobacteria)的相对丰度显著增加，而梭杆菌门(Fusobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)和未分类菌门(Unidentified bacteria)显著降低(P<0.05);在属的分类水平上，患病组母驴阴道中链球菌属(Streptococcus)丰度显著高于健康组母驴(P<0.05),链球菌属可能是母驴子宫内膜炎的主要致病菌；在主成分分析上，患病组样本间的微生物群落差异较大，而健康组样品间的微生物组成相似；功能预测上，患病组阴道内微生物的免疫系统(Immune system)和传染性疾病(Infectious diseases)2个功能的相对丰度显著高于健康组，说明阴道内含有大量相关功能的微生物发挥着作用。本试验为母驴子宫内膜炎的后续预防和治疗... 相似文献
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本研究旨在通过对血浆和子宫分泌物中NO浓度及奶牛子宫组织超微结构的变化来探讨NO在炎症反应中的作用及在子宫内膜炎惠牛早期诊断中的作用.选用产后健康荷斯坦奶牛5例(N)为对照组,亚临床型子宫内膜炎奶牛(SE)和临床型子宫内膜炎奶牛(CE)各10例,经颈静脉、子宫腔内分别获取血液样本及子宫分泌物;应用子宫内膜取样器获得每组奶牛子宫内膜样本,应用光镜和透射电镜观察子宫组织结构的变化.结果发现,SE组和CE组血浆和子宫分泌物中NO浓度均显著(P<0.05)和极显著(P<0.01)高于对照组;光镜和电镜下,SE及CE组奶牛的子宫内膜上皮细胞排列、细胞膜的完整性、细胞结构等均发生相应的变化.说明NO浓度随着炎症的发展而改变,炎症越明显,子宫内膜的变化越明显,NO浓度和牛子宫内膜超微结构的变化可作为诊断子宫内膜炎的一个依据 相似文献
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本试验选子宫内膜炎患牛10头,随机分为中药治疗组和患病对照组（每组5头）,5头健康奶牛作为正常对照组.中药治疗组子宫灌注复方中药剂加味柴胡汤,连用6d,其他两组给予生理盐水.在用药前1d和用药2d、4d、6d采血,用血液自动分析仪检测.结果：（1）治疗前,中药治疗组和患病对照组白细胞数量显著（P＜0.05）高于正常对照组,治疗6d后,中药治疗组显著（P＜0.05）低于治疗前和患病对照纽.（2）治疗前,中药治疗组和患病对照组中间细胞数量和比率均显著（P＜0.05）高于正常对照组,用药6d后,中药治疗组显著（P＜0.05）或极显著（P＜0.01）低于患病对照组和治疗前.（3）治疗前,中药治疗组和患病对照组嗜中性粒细胞数量比率显著（p＜0.05）高于正常对照组.用药6d后,中药治疗组与正常对照组均显著（P＜0.05）低于患病对照组,低于治疗前.（4）治疗前,中药治疗组和患病对照组淋巴细胞数量显著（P＜0.05）高于正常对照组,比率显著（P＜0.05）低于正常对照组.用药6d后,中药治疗组和正常对照组淋巴细胞数量和比率显著（P＜0.05）高于患病对照纽.结论：加味柴胡汤可降低子宫内膜炎奶牛的炎症反应,提高免疫力. 相似文献
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《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2020,(16)
为了探讨奶牛子宫内膜炎发生对于子宫平滑肌收缩的影响,以及炎症对于子宫平滑肌收缩相关调控分子的影响,试验选取健康及子宫内膜炎患病荷斯坦奶牛各10头,分别作为健康组和患病组,对核因子κB(NF-κB)信号通路分子NF-κB抑制蛋白α(IκBα)、NF-κB p65蛋白(NF-κB p65)和丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(mitogen-activated protein kinases,MAPKs)信号通路分子p38、细胞外调节蛋白激酶(ERK)和应激活化蛋白激酶(JNK)及蛋白磷酸化进行检测,对炎症因子[肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素(IL)-1β和IL-6]分泌情况及平滑肌收缩关键调节分子[RhoA、Rho激酶(ROCK)、肌球蛋白轻链激酶(MLCK)、肌球蛋白轻链(MLC)、钙离子]进行检测并分析。结果表明:与健康组奶牛比,患病组奶牛子宫内膜组织IκBα、NF-κB p65、p38、ERK、JNK磷酸化蛋白水平显著升高(P0.05);TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6促炎因子分泌量显著增加(P0.05);子宫平滑肌组织细胞内钙离子浓度显著下降(P0.05),RhoA,ROCK、MLCK表达量下降,MLC磷酸化水平降低。说明奶牛子宫组织炎症不仅损伤黏膜组织,而且还会对子宫平滑肌造成破坏,显著抑制子宫平滑肌收缩。 相似文献
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《中国兽医杂志》2014,(1)
为了探讨奶牛子宫内膜组织中β-防御素、TNF-α和TLR4mRNA表达与炎症发生的关系。取奶牛子宫内膜组织,根据病理切片结果分成子宫内膜炎组和对照组,用RT-PCR分别测定各组的β-防御素、TNF-α和TLR4的mRNA。结果发现,子宫内膜炎组的LAP、BNBD5的mRNA表达极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),BNBD4的mRNA表达显著高于对照组(P<0.05),奶牛子宫内膜组织不表达TAP;且子宫内膜炎组的TNF-α和TLR4的mRNA表达显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结果表明,奶牛子宫内膜炎的发生与β-防御素、TNF-α和TLR4都具有密切相关性,其中LAP、BNBD4和BNBD5这3种β-防御素参与奶牛子宫内膜炎的发生;TNF-α和TLR4可以作为炎症发生的信号分子。 相似文献
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本研究旨在探讨子宫内膜肥大细胞(MC)颗粒状态和组胺浓度在奶牛子宫内膜炎中的作用。选用产后6～10 d健康及患急性化脓性子宫内膜炎的中国荷斯坦奶牛各10头,分别为对照组和试验组,通过ELISA法检测子宫内膜组胺浓度和透射电镜观察子宫内膜MC颗粒状态。结果表明:试验组子宫内膜组织中组胺含量为(80.305±4.002)ng.mL-1,对照组为(39.204±4.278)ng.mL-1,二者差异极显著(P0.01);对照组子宫内膜固有层MC胞质中可见大小不等,圆形或椭圆形颗粒,均匀分布;而试验组子宫内膜固有层MC呈脱颗粒状态,表现为颗粒数量减少、分布和浓度不均、周腔增大、有空泡形成。结果提示,产后发生急性子宫内膜炎时子宫内膜MC脱颗粒,释放组胺,使子宫内膜组胺含量显著升高,这与子宫内膜的急性炎症有关,组胺可调节子宫免疫机能,可能对子宫内膜炎的发生发展具有重要作用。 相似文献
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Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
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Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
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Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
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Tropical Animal Health and Production - 相似文献
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Waruiru RM Thamsborg SM Nansen P Kyvsgaard NC Bogh HO Munyua WK Gathuma JM 《Tropical animal health and production》2001,33(3):173-187
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round. 相似文献
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The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host. 相似文献
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H Hayashi T Yoshimura J Y Chen 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1985,8(2):73-87
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed. 相似文献
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Evaluation of biohydrogenation rate of canola vs. soya bean seeds as unsaturated fatty acids sources for ruminants in situ 
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下载免费PDF全文 S. Pashaei T. Ghoorchi A. Yamchi 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(2):211-216
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed. 相似文献
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Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb
albumin
- ALT
alanine aminotransferase
- AST
aspartate aminotransferase
- BUN
blood urea nitrogen
- Chol
cholesterol
- Glob
globulin
- -GT
-glutamyl transpeptidase
- IP
inorganic phosphorus
- TP
total protein 相似文献