共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
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微量元素对动物繁殖机能的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
随着动物营养科学的发展,微量元素在动物体内的作用不断地被揭示。本文综述了锌、锰、碘、硒、铜,钼和钴等微量元素对动物繁殖机能的影响。锌对动物繁殖机能的影响一些学者(Chesters,1978;Hidirog-lou,1979;Apagar,1985)就动物缺锌对繁殖性能的影响进行了广泛的研究。动物体内200多种酶含有锌,其中一些酶与繁殖有关,但锌如何影响繁殖还知之甚少。锌是一些酶的必需成分或激活因子,而这些酶参与固醇类激素的合成。锌可能通过垂体间接影 相似文献
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微量元素锌对动物繁殖性能的影响 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
动物的繁殖性能主要受遗传性状、自然环境、营养和管理等因素的影响。在这4个主要因素中，营养是关键。在环境情况和管理水平比较一致的情况下．供给动物的营养充足及平衡与否关系到动物繁殖潜力的发挥。微量元素锌在生物机体中具有广泛的作用，因此，也必然在动物的繁殖方面发挥重要的作用。现就微量元素锌在动物繁殖方面的作用进行综述。 相似文献
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锌是动物体必需的微量营养元素,有着重要的生物学功能,近年来,随着对锌研究的深入,越来越多的人们认识到锌与动物繁殖机能的关系密切,锌缺乏可直接影响着动物的繁殖机能。 一、锌对生殖的作用 锌在动物体内广泛分布,主要集中于睾丸、附睾和前列腺等器官中,其中精液内含 相似文献
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矿物质元素在动物体内存在的量小,但是这些养分对繁殖方面的影响是不容忽视的.本文对近年来矿物质元素中钙、磷、锌、铜、碘、锰、硒在牛羊猪等繁殖性能方面的研究进行综述,以期通过合理的利用矿物元素来提高动物的繁殖性能. 相似文献
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锌对动物生长、繁殖机能、骨骼发育、角质形成都有不同程度的影响,而且还参与蛋白质、核酸、碳水化合物的代谢。30年代的有关试验证明了锌是动物的一种必需微量元素,特别是Tucker和Salmon(1955年)首次报道猪的不全角化症是缺锌所致之后,引起了人们对锌的广泛研究。多种因素可以影响动物对锌的吸收与利用,使得各研究者推荐给猪对锌的需要量为50—170ppm不等。Whittemore等 相似文献
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锌是动物生长、发育及繁殖等生理过程中必需的微量元素,根据营养需要量,其是仅次于铁的第二微量元素。锌在动物体内分布广泛且存在组织差异性,空肠和回肠是锌吸收的主要部位,锌调控转运蛋白(zinc-regulated transporter-like proteins, Zip)、锌转运载体(zinc transporter, ZnT)和金属硫蛋白通过调控锌的转运影响动物机体锌的平衡与代谢。锌是动物体内多种酶的组成成分及激活因子,其一方面作为酶的成分调节细胞进程,另一方面作为信号分子参与信号转导,调控动物采食、氧化还原、免疫、代谢及繁殖等生理过程。目前,锌在饲料中应用的形式主要有无机、有机以及纳米锌等,不同形式锌的生物学效价存在差异。饲粮锌与猪采食、抗氧化、免疫、代谢及繁殖等生理功能密切相关,随着猪不同生理阶段营养需求的变化,锌的需要量也不同,此外,饲粮锌的水平及来源不同对猪生理活动的调控及应用效果也存在差异。本文旨在为微量元素锌在猪养殖中的深度发掘提供理论参考,推动中国猪养殖产业的健康发展。 相似文献
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就有机锌对奶牛的营养作用效果、影响有机锌作用效果的因素进行综述。认为添加有机锌可提高奶牛的产奶性能、免疫机能、繁殖性能,改善体健康。同时影响有机锌作用效果的因素有:有机锌的产品质量、添加量和添加时期、饲料营养水平、参照物类型和评价指标等。 相似文献
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锌硒对后备猪繁殖性能及仔猪发育的影响 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
本试验研究了锌硒对后备公母猪繁殖性能和哺乳仔猪成活率的影响。在２月龄公母猪和哺３乳仔猪日粮中添加不同剂量的锌和硒,试验与对照组比较,后备母猪排卵率和产仔性能均有明显提高;后备公母初次采精时间提前,睾丸大小,射精量,精子活率和精子密度均显著提高,精子畸形率降低; 相似文献
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THE PLASMA ZINC CONCENTRATION OF NONPREGNANT, PREGNANT AND PARTURIENT HEREFORD CATTLE 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Studies were made on several groups of Hereford cattle to determine the plasma zinc concentration at various phases of their reproductive life. In nonpregnant heifers a major cause of variation was due to differences between individual animals. Seasonal changes were also evident but little difference was noted in the zinc levels of cattle sampled at particular stages of the oestrous cycle or over a 24-hour period. Following conception, the plasma zinc levels remained relatively constant until late in pregnancy when a decline occurred. A more marked decline occurred during the periparturient period although the trends observed differed between animals that calved normally and those that suffered from dystocia. Samples obtained from calves approximately 24 hours after delivery contained zinc at concentrations of more than double that recorded for their dams. 相似文献
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The role of essential trace elements in embryonic and fetal development in livestock 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This review addresses the concept that essential trace minerals play a vital role in many enzymatic and metabolic pathways that are critical for conceptus development during pregnancy in livestock species. The conceptus relies entirely on the maternal system for a sufficient supply of trace minerals and other nutrients needed for normal development. If this supply is inadequate, growth and/or health of the conceptus can be affected adversely, and many of these effects carry over into the neonatal period. Information, accumulated in our laboratory and presented herein, indicates that zinc, copper and manganese are among the trace minerals that have the greatest impact on reproduction. For example, levels of zinc, copper and manganese were several fold greater in the conceptus than in other reproductive tissues, indicating that the conceptus preferentially accumulates these minerals, an action that may be important for conceptus development, growth and survival. Moreover, some recent results indicate that increasing the biological availability of zinc, copper and manganese, by attachment to short peptide chains (i.e., proteinated trace minerals) can enhance reproductive performance of swine. Mineral concentrations in conceptuses from female pigs consuming proteinated trace minerals were greater than those from females that consumed only inorganic mineral salts. Elucidating the mechanisms whereby conceptus development and survival are enhanced by essential trace minerals may lead to development of specific feeding programs to increase the number and health of offspring at parturition, thereby allowing for further improvements in production efficiency in animal agriculture. 相似文献
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The effect of pig farming on copper and zinc accumulation in cattle in Galicia (north-western Spain) 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
López Alonso M Benedito JL Miranda M Castillo C Hernández J Shore RF 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2000,160(3):259-266
Copper and zinc are frequently added at high concentrations to pig diets as growth promoters. Livestock grazing pasture contaminated with pig slurry may, therefore, be at risk from excessive intake of these elements. High liver copper concentrations have been detected in cattle from the agricultural region of Galicia (NW Spain), especially where there is intensive pig farming. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether pig farming does affect accumulation of copper and zinc in cattle in Galicia. Hepatic copper and zinc concentrations in calves were elevated in areas with naturally high levels of these elements in the soil. The densities of young pigs (piglets and growing-finishing pigs), but not reproductive sows, also influenced copper accumulation in calves. Liver copper levels in calves were significantly and positively related to the density of young pigs in the region. In areas with the highest pig densities, more than 20% of the cattle analysed had hepatic copper concentrations that exceeded the potentially toxic concentration of 150 mg/kg fresh weight. There was no evidence that zinc accumulation in calves was affected by pig density. 相似文献
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S Colombini 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice》1999,29(6):1373-1383
Zinc is important in a multitude of biological functions, including regulation of the immune response, modulation of keratogenesis and wound healing, maintenance of normal reproductive function, and acuity of taste and smell. Zinc-responsive dermatosis is an uncommon disease of dogs resulting from either an absolute or relative deficiency in zinc. Dermatological lesions are characterized by erythema, alopecia, scales, and crusts that primarily affect the head. Two forms of the disease exist: a familial form affecting Alaskan Malamutes and Siberian Huskies and a form that affects growing puppies fed zinc-deficient or oversupplemented diets. The history, clinical signs, and skin biopsy results are typically diagnostic. Life-long zinc supplementation is usually necessary in the familial form of the disease, although dietary correction alone may be curative in the second form. Lethal acrodermatitis is a rare inherited disorder of Bull Terriers that does not respond to zinc supplementation and is invariably fatal. 相似文献
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Relationship between nutrition and reproduction in beef cattle 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
J Maas 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice》1987,3(3):633-646
The primary nutrient consideration for optimum reproductive performance in beef cattle is energy. Low energy intake delays the onset of puberty in heifers and bulls. Heifers should reach approximately 66 per cent of mature body weight by 14 to 15 months of age and be bred 30 days prior to breeding the main cow herd. Body conditioning scores (BCS) (1 = emaciated, 9 = obese) should be used to evaluate pregnant cows entering their third trimester. Cows should calve with body conditioning score 5 to 7. Forage quality and environmental factors influence maximum dry matter intake and nutrient requirements and must be considered in the clinical setting. Crude protein dietary content should be 11 to 12 per cent for lactating beef cattle. Mineral (calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, sulfur, sodium, chloride) nutrition is not a major cause of decreased reproductive performance in beef cattle. Trace mineral deficiencies (particularly selenium, copper, and zinc) can cause decreased reproductive performance. Diagnosis of these trace mineral deficiencies can be confirmed by elemental analysis of blood or tissues. 相似文献