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1.
The accumulation of phytic acid with relation to the deposition of the protein component in grain during maturation of three maize varieties grown under the same topographical and agrotechnical conditions over 2 crop years was investigated.
Phytic acid was determined by the spectrophotometric method of M ohamed et al. (1986).
Phytic acid content increased significantly (P = 0.05) up until the late stage of dough grain maturity. Afterwards, until full grain maturity, no significant changes of phytic acid content have been obtained. At the same time, changes of phytic acid content expressed on a dry matter basis correlate highly significantly (P = 0.001) and negatively with total nitrogen in both vegetation years (r = -0.848 and r = -0.845) and alpha-aminonitrogen content (r=-0.799 and r = -0.792), but highly significantly (P = 0.001) and positively with prolamine content (r = 0.823 and 0.654). Grain maturation under conditions of increased moisture and lower temperature resulted in lower phytic acid level. 相似文献
Phytic acid was determined by the spectrophotometric method of M ohamed et al. (1986).
Phytic acid content increased significantly (P = 0.05) up until the late stage of dough grain maturity. Afterwards, until full grain maturity, no significant changes of phytic acid content have been obtained. At the same time, changes of phytic acid content expressed on a dry matter basis correlate highly significantly (P = 0.001) and negatively with total nitrogen in both vegetation years (r = -0.848 and r = -0.845) and alpha-aminonitrogen content (r=-0.799 and r = -0.792), but highly significantly (P = 0.001) and positively with prolamine content (r = 0.823 and 0.654). Grain maturation under conditions of increased moisture and lower temperature resulted in lower phytic acid level. 相似文献
2.
The changes in the amounts of dry matter, total nitrogen and methionine during maturation of normal maize hybrids grown under the same topographical and agrotechnical conditions on two consecutive vegetation years were examined.
Total nitrogen was determined by Kjeldahl's method and methionine spectrophotometrically from papain hydrolysate by the method of McCarthy and Sullivan. Analysis of variance was applied to assess the significance of the changes in particular components during grain maturation.
A significant increase (p = 0.01) in amounts of the all investigated components in original grain matter up until a late stage of dough maturity in both vegetation years was determined. The increase was mostly expressed by the end of milky maturity. The correlation between these components during maturation is positive and highly significant (p = 0.001). The methionine content in dry matter attained in stage of milky maturation the value being characteristic for mature grain. On a total-proteins basis, the methionine content is significantly the least (p = 0.01) at the early stage of milky maturation and increases up until dough maturity reaching a value that does not significantly differ from the value in full maturity of grain. 相似文献
Total nitrogen was determined by Kjeldahl's method and methionine spectrophotometrically from papain hydrolysate by the method of McCarthy and Sullivan. Analysis of variance was applied to assess the significance of the changes in particular components during grain maturation.
A significant increase (p = 0.01) in amounts of the all investigated components in original grain matter up until a late stage of dough maturity in both vegetation years was determined. The increase was mostly expressed by the end of milky maturity. The correlation between these components during maturation is positive and highly significant (p = 0.001). The methionine content in dry matter attained in stage of milky maturation the value being characteristic for mature grain. On a total-proteins basis, the methionine content is significantly the least (p = 0.01) at the early stage of milky maturation and increases up until dough maturity reaching a value that does not significantly differ from the value in full maturity of grain. 相似文献
3.
M. Horvati&#; M. Ga&#;i&#; I. Vedrina-Dragojevi&#; 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1999,182(2):99-104
Dynamics of the accumulation of iron, copper, manganese and nickel, as well as their relationships with total ash, crude proteins and total dry matter during maize grain maturation were investigated. The investigation was carried out on normal maize hybrids grown under the same topographical and agrotechnical conditions. The amounts of particular microelements in the fresh grain matter increased significantly up to a late stage of dough maturation. The dynamics of their accumulation correlated positively and significantly with deposition of total dry matter, total ash and crude proteins, and were consistent with biological needs of the maize grain during development. The amounts of microelements expressed on a dry matter basis decreased significantly in a late stage of milky grain maturation. Further fluctuations were not significant. The correlation between particular microelements during grain maturation was positive and significant, as well as the correlation of particular microelements with crude proteins and total ash in the grain dry matter. 相似文献
4.
5.
玉米生殖生长期根系主要游离氨基酸含量分析 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
应用高效液相色谱仪分别于孕穗期、灌浆期和籽粒成熟期测定了田间生长玉米的第6,7,8和9层次生根中的16种主要游离氨基酸含量。结果表明:玉米同一品种不同层次的次生根中各氨基酸含量差异达极显著,不同品种相同层次的次生根中各氨基酸含量呈极显著正相关。在所测的不同类型根中游离氨基酸的总量在各层次生根中的顺序为:第9层次生根>第8层次生根>第6层次生根>第7层次生根。在所测根系的16种游离氨基酸中,谷氨酸(Glu),脯氨酸(Pro),丙氨酸(Ala)和天冬氨酸(Asp)含量高,占总量的50%以上;赖氨酸(Lys)和甲硫氨酸(Met)含量低。 相似文献
6.
12个玉米群体的主要农艺性状与产量、品质的灰色关联度分析 总被引：21，自引：0，他引：21
为了明确玉米群体主要农艺性状与产量、营养品质的关系,应用灰色关联度分析方法对12个玉米群体的主要农艺性状、产量、营养品质等进行了灰色关联度分析。结果表明:与产量密切相关的农艺性状是出籽率、行粒数、穗粗、百粒质量、株高等;与粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗淀粉和赖氨酸含量等营养品质密切相关的农艺性状是穗粒数、百粒质量、行粒数、出籽率、穗行数等。根据玉米群体主要农艺性状间的灰色关联度关系,说明在玉米群体产量、营养品质改良的过程中,在保证适当株高的前提下,要注重选育出籽率、百粒质量较高品种,同时不要忽略对玉米群体穗行数、行粒数、穗粗的选择,为选育高产、优质玉米新品种提供科学依据。 相似文献
7.
Nitrate release under the following crop maize after ploughing a clover-grass crop in spring After ploughing a clover-grass crop in spring, the formation of nitrate under the following crop maize, its nitrogen uptake and yield were investigated as well as the N-mineralization in the fallow plots. As ploughing processes the variants “rotary cultivator” and “plough” were compared. Three days before ploughing 14 kg nitrate-N/ha were found in the soil from 0 to 90 cm depth. At all sampling dates after ploughing significant higher nitrate-N contents were analysed in the soil of the plough variant than in the rotary cultivator variant. Under maize the highest observed nitrate contents were reached at the end of July, that is 117 kg N/ha in the plough and 65 kg N/ha in the rotary cultivator variant. In the soil without plant growth the highest nitrate values were not noticed before the end of August, namely 213 and 102 kg N/ha in the plough and in the rotary cultivator variant, respectively. During the time after these maximum values the nitrate contents in the fallow plots lessened dramatically, probably implying considerable nitrogen losses. In the maize plots, however, the continual nitrogen release could obviously be used well by the plants. Under maize there was another period of intensive N-mineralization between end of August and the beginning of October, so that the N-contents in both soil and maize plants approximately doubled during the last 5 weeks before harvest: from 70 to 148 (“rotary cultivator”) and from 140 to 269 kg N/ha (“plough”), respectively. This is equivalent to a mineralization rate of 1.9 and 3.1 kg nitrate-N/ha d, respectively, in the time between the end of August and the beginning of October. This nitrogen release was only expressed by the increasing N-uptake of the maize plants, but not by a changed nitrate store in the soil. Because of the better nitrogen supply the plough variant led to a dry matter yield which was 73 % higher than in the rotary cultivator variant (176 and 102 dt/ha, respectively). 相似文献
8.
播期对糯玉米籽粒产量及品质的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为满足农户对糯玉米种植的不同需求,探讨山西中晚熟地区播期对糯玉米产量与品质的影响。以晋糯18和晋糯20为试验材料,4月26日-7月5日,设置6个播期处理,研究其对产量、穗长、百粒重、穗粒重及籽粒蛋白质、淀粉、粗纤维素及赖氨酸相对含量的影响。结果表明,播期与品种对糯玉米产量及品质都有显著影响。其中B3播期（5月24日）处理下2个糯玉米品种产量、穗长、百粒重及穗粒重都高于其他播期处理,说明糯玉米适宜在小满前后播种。提前播期有利于籽粒蛋白质、赖氨酸相对含量的提高,而推迟播期降低籽粒粗纤维素、赖氨酸相对含量。B1与B6播期下籽粒淀粉相对含量低于其他播期,且B4、B5播期下籽粒淀粉相对含量高于其他播期。说明适当推迟播期有利于籽粒淀粉相对含量的提高,但过早或过迟播种均显著降低籽粒淀粉含量。糯玉米籽粒中粗纤维素含量与品种遗传背景密切相关,且推迟播种后品种差异对籽粒淀粉含量的影响降低。通过相关性分析发现积温、降水量与产量、穗粒重以及赖氨酸相对含量均达到极显著正相关关系,与穗长、百粒重均达到显著正相关关系,说明播期对产量性状及籽粒赖氨酸相对含量有显著影响。在山西中晚熟地区糯玉米在小满前后播种时产量最高,适当提前有利于籽粒蛋白质、赖氨酸含量的提高,适当推迟有利于籽粒粗纤维素、淀粉含量的提高。 相似文献
9.
有机培肥与轮耕方式对夏玉米田土壤碳氮和产量的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
探明不同轮耕和有机培肥方式对夏玉米田土壤碳氮及其酶活性的影响,对提升农田土壤肥力及促进玉米高产具有重要意义。设秸秆(P)与牛粪(F)两种有机培肥方式和小麦季旋耕-玉米季深松(RS)、小麦季深松-玉米季免耕(SN)、小麦季翻耕-玉米季免耕(CN) 3种轮耕方式,共6个处理,于2015—2016和2016—2017玉米收获期采样测定,研究了不同有机培肥和轮耕方式对土壤碳氮及其酶活性和作物产量的影响。结果表明,轮耕方式、有机肥及其交互效应对土壤肥力有显著影响。在0～10 cm和10～20 cm土层,与轮耕方式CN相比, RS和SN能够显著提高土壤有机碳、全氮含量和脲酶、蔗糖酶活性。在轮耕方式RS中,与施用牛粪相比,秸秆还田显著提高了10～20 cm、20～30 cm和30～40 cm土层的有机碳含量,增加了10～20 cm土层的全氮含量和蔗糖酶活性。在轮耕方式SN中,与秸秆还田相比,施用牛粪显著提高了0～10 cm和10～20 cm土层的有机碳、全氮含量和蔗糖酶活性,增加了各土层脲酶活性。与秸秆还田+翻耕-免耕(PCN)相比,秸秆还田+旋耕-深松(PRS)和施用牛粪+深松-免耕(FSN)能显著提高土壤肥力。在0～10 cm和10～20 cm土层,各处理中以FSN增加土壤有机碳、全氮含量和蔗糖酶、脲酶活性最为明显。轮耕方式、有机肥及其交互效应对产量有显著影响。轮耕方式RS和SN的产量较CN分别显著提高了1.89%～10.49%、5.44%～11.99%。在轮耕方式RS中,产量表现为秸秆还田较施用牛粪显著提高了2.91%～3.11%;而在轮耕方式SN中,则表现为秸秆还田较施用牛粪显著降低了5.02%～9.07%。两年玉米产量均表现为FSNPRSFRSPSNFCNPCN。综上所述,在6种处理中,处理FSN在提高土壤肥力和产量方面最为显著,可以作为试验及周边地区适宜的轮耕培肥方式。 相似文献
10.
探索东北半干旱区春玉米的最佳水溶肥管理措施是实现节肥增产的有效途径。试验在覆膜滴灌大田条件下,以‘迪卡159’为试验对象,研究吉林省西部半干旱区春玉米农艺性状及养分积累动态对水溶肥管理的响应。相关性和通径分析表明,产量(Y)与各农艺性状的相关关系由强到弱依次为行粒数(X4)>穗粗(X1)>穗行数(X3)>穗长(X2)>百粒重(X5)。产量与穗行数和行粒数的最优回归方程为Y=-14878.79+465.886X4+855.646X3(R2=0.863,F=18.92)。同时,氮、磷、钾肥均追施4次不仅有利于春玉米穗粗、穗长、穗行数、行粒数和百粒重的增加,还能促进出苗63天后氮、磷、钾养分的积累与分配。在水溶肥用量与施肥方式相同的基础上,分次追施氮、磷、钾肥对春玉米产量的提高至关重要。 相似文献
11.
基于控制授粉技术的玉米籽粒建成与碳、氮供应关系 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以郑单958和超试1号为材料,通过控制玉米果穗底部花丝不授粉使顶部籽粒正常结实,比较研究了玉米籽粒早期碳、氮含量动态变化及其与败育的关系。结果表明,控制底部花丝不授粉,提高了顶部穗轴的可溶性糖浓度,增加了对顶部籽粒的物质供应,顶部籽粒的可溶性糖、蔗糖含量提高,淀粉快速积累,顶部籽粒的氮含量增加,籽粒C/N比值提高,籽粒重量快速增加,发育转为正常,表现出与中部籽粒一致的碳、氮变化动态特征以及籽粒生长动态;相反,统一完全授粉处理顶部穗轴的可溶性糖浓度低,顶部籽粒的物质供应少,可溶性糖、蔗糖含量低,淀粉含量提高缓慢,氮含量也较低,籽粒的C/N比值偏低,表现为粒重增加缓慢,最后败育。2个品种表现出一致的规律性。总之,玉米顶部籽粒的正常发育伴随着碳、氮等物质的充足供应,物质供应不足可能是顶部籽粒不能正常发育的根本原因。 相似文献
12.
Moisture content influences harvest timing and the consequent drying process and drying costs, and the development of spoilage fungi during pre- and post-harvest phases. Maize kernel development in the field can be partitioned into three phases: i) lag phase, ii) grain filling and maturation drying, and iii) post-maturity dry-down. A model simulating maize kernel moisture content during maturation can help either monitoring or foreseen maize kernel humidity during the harvest period. Also, it would be useful in simulation studies via crop models to estimate the infield feasibility of harvest but also the interaction with diseases responsible for mycotoxin production, against weather scenarios.A process-based model was developed, called MIMYCS.Moisture. When the hybrids were analyzed all together, MIMYCS.Moisture showed a good general predictive capability with an average error in moisture estimation of ±3.28% moisture (considering the root mean square error – RMSE). The model efficiency (EF) was positive (0.85) and the model was able to explain the 89.7% of variation. When the two sub-models were analyzed separately, the RMSE remained approximately at the same level of the general model, while the other indicators changed revealing the different characteristics of the two models. The developmental moisture sub-model has a slight tendency to overestimate, while the dry-down sub-model tended to underestimate final moisture content.However, when the model was analyzed separately for each hybrid, both calibration and validation results suggested that more data are needed to improve the model likely with respect to kernel characteristics of hybrids. Finally, the equilibrium moisture content equation used, taken from industrial drying models, might not be adequate for simulating the field conditions where temperature is well below the one in dryers and environmental air humidity may vary considerably across sites and harvest periods. 相似文献
13.
秸秆还田与生物炭配施对麦-玉轮作体系产量和氮素利用率的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过探究秸秆还田与生物炭配施对麦-玉轮作体系产量和氮素利用率的影响,为黄褐土粮食生产科学施肥提供指导。本研究选取不施肥(CK)、单施生物炭(B)、单施化肥(NPK)、化肥配施秸秆(NPKS)、化肥配施生物炭(NPKB)和化肥配施生物炭和秸秆处理(NPKBS),分析不同处理对作物产量、养分含量和氮肥利用率的影响。结果表明：秸秆与生物炭配施化肥均可显著提高作物穗粒数、产量、土壤全氮、碱解氮、植株籽粒氮积累量;秸秆与生物炭配施化肥均可以显著提高氮素利用率,且小麦利用率高于玉米,真实利用率较当季利用率提高了17.72%~37.43%,其中化肥配施生物炭和秸秆效果最好。综上,化肥配施生物炭和秸秆可以显著提高作物产量,提高氮素真实利用率。 相似文献
14.
周年耕作方式对砂姜黑土农田土壤养分及作物产量的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
为探明适宜于砂姜黑土农田的周年耕作方式, 提升砂姜黑土农田地力及作物产量, 在冬小麦?夏玉米一年两熟种植制度下, 设置多年定位夏玉米季?冬小麦季免耕?旋耕(对照)、免耕?深耕、深松?旋耕、深松?免耕、免耕?免耕5种周年耕作方式田间试验, 在定位处理的第4个周年研究耕作方式对砂姜黑土农田土壤有机碳含量、土壤养分及其对作物产量的影响。结果表明, 在秸秆全量还田条件下, 与试验开始前相比, 各处理0~20 cm土层土壤有机碳、全氮、速效钾含量均有所增加。与对照相比, 其他处理均增加周年内0~20 cm土层土壤有机碳和全氮含量。免耕?深耕、深松?旋耕、免耕?免耕处理显著增加周年内0~20 cm土层土壤有效磷含量, 而深松?免耕处理显著增加冬小麦开花期和收获期0~20 cm土层土壤有效磷含量, 整个周年内对照在20~40 cm土层土壤的有效磷含量均最低。深松?免耕处理增加周年内0~20 cm土层土壤速效钾含量, 而深松?免耕、免耕?免耕处理20~40 cm土层土壤速效钾含量在夏玉米苗期、大口期、开花期和灌浆期显著高于对照处理。深松?旋耕和深松?免耕处理显著增加夏玉米?冬小麦周年籽粒产量, 增幅分别为7.67%和10.21%。综上所述, 在秸秆全量还田基础上, 深松?旋耕和深松?免耕能够改善土壤有机碳和养分状况, 显著提高周年作物产量, 可作为黄淮区砂姜黑土农田相对适宜的周年耕作方式。 相似文献
15.
This study documented the effects of barley companion crop seeding rate and cutting stage on alfalfa establishment in a highland area. Alfalfa was established with barley at seeding rates of 0, 60, 120 and 180 kg ha?1 and cut at the milk‐dough and ripe grain stages. In most cases, hay yield and composition of herbage were affected by companion crop seeding rate and cutting stage. Total hay yield increased from 3294 to 5131 kg ha?1 when the companion crop seeding rate was increased from 0 to 180 kg ha?1 at the milk‐dough stage. Legume and weed growth was suppressed by the companion crop during establishment, but using a barley companion crop decreased alfalfa plant losses in the seeding year. Few residual effects of barley were seen on hay yield in the subsequent year, but residual effects of companion crop treatments on weed suppression continued in all clippings of the second year. The results suggest that alfalfa should be sown with a barley companion crop in highland areas with adequate moisture. The seeding rate for barley is about the same as that for barley grown alone, and the companion crop could be harvested for hay or grain in the establishment year. 相似文献
16.
氨基酸分析仪法快速测定玉米籽粒中赖氨酸含量 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以9 个高赖氨酸玉米和2 个普通玉米杂交种籽粒样品为材料,用日立L-8900 型全自动氨基酸分析仪对高赖氨酸玉米和普通玉米籽粒中赖氨酸含量进行定量测定。了解全自动氨基酸分析仪的检测效果是否可以很好的比较普通玉米与高赖氨酸玉米籽粒中的赖氨酸含量。结果表明高赖氨酸玉米籽粒赖氨酸含量介于0.34%~0.42%之间,普通玉米赖氨酸含量介于0.24%~0.25%,存在显著差异。日立L-8900型全自动氨基酸分析仪法测定玉米籽粒中赖氨酸含量与其它传统方法相比较,该方法快速、简便、灵敏度高、重现性好、样品需求量少,可以较好的在玉米育种中应用。 相似文献
17.
肥料类型及用量对玉米产量形成及氮肥效率的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
【研究目的】研究了不同施氮量下,普通尿素和包膜复合肥对夏玉米氮肥效率和产量的影响;【方法】采用随机区组设计5个施氮水平,研究不同类型尿素对夏玉米干物质量、籽粒灌浆速率、氮肥效率和产量的影响,讨论氮肥效率与产量的关系;【结果】与普通尿素相比,相同施氮水平下,包膜复合肥处理玉米干物质量和籽粒灌浆速率均显著提高,玉米籽粒产量比普通尿素平均提高6.9%。包膜复合肥处理的氮肥农学利用率（AE）和偏生产力（PFP）比普通尿素平均分别提高6.6%和9.8%。包膜复合肥施用量较高时对产量、AE和PFP的增加效果更显著;【结论】与常规尿素相比,包膜复合肥可显著提高籽粒产量和氮肥效率,其原因是提高了玉米花后干物质积累和籽粒灌浆速率。随着包膜复合肥产量的增加和成本的降低,它在粮食作物生产上应用前景非常广阔。 相似文献
18.
In sloping areas with high precipitation, planting maize into live winter cover crop sods may help to alleviate the environmental problems associated with clean-tillage production systems of maize. The present study evaluates the performance of silage maize (Zea mays L.) under several cultivation methods: CC (conventional cropping system, i.e., maize was sown into the bare, autumn-ploughed soil); LGS/CK (maize was planted into a living Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) sod which was subsequently herbicidally killed); and LGS/MR (similar to LGS/CK, but the ryegrass was mechanically regulated). The research was conducted in the midlands of Switzerland on a fertile sandy loam under humid conditions during three cropping seasons. With 110 kg N ha−1 (fertilizer nitrogen plus mineral nitrogen of the soil at maize planting), the CC system was much more productive than were the LGS/CK and LGS/MR systems in terms of dry matter and nitrogen yields of maize. Increasing the nitrogen supply to 250 kg N ha−1 considerably reduced the yield advantage of CC over the LGS/CK and LGS/MR systems, indicating that nitrogen was the most limiting factor for maize yield in the mulch seeding systems. With 250 kg N ha−1, the LGS/CK and LGS/MR systems produced greater total yields of digestible organic matter (maize plus ryegrass) than did the CC system, whereas the total nitrogen yield was similar for all cropping systems. The whole-shoot concentrations of nitrogen were highest under CC, irrespective of the level of nitrogen supply. With 110 kg N ha−1, concentrations of phosphorus and magnesium were clearly higher for the mulch seeding systems. There were only minor differences among the cropping methods in the concentrations of potassium and calcium in the whole shoot. When 250 kg N ha−1 were applied, there were no significant variations among the cropping systems in the concentrations of minerals. Changes in the botanical composition of the cover crop sod and in the time and method of cover crop control may help to reduce the competition for nitrogen between maize and the living mulch. 相似文献
19.
长期定位施肥对土壤氮素矿化与作物产量的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
揭示长期施用有机肥及配施氮肥对非石灰性潮土氮素矿化特性的影响,探索其与作物产量间的关系。以始于_1978年的莱阳长期定位施肥试验为基础,采用田间原位-离子交换树脂法(ISC-IERB)研究了长期定位施肥对土壤氮素矿化特性的影响,并对其与产量进行了相关分析。结果表明:长期施用有机肥及其配施氮肥可显著提高非石灰性潮土全氮、矿质氮、净氮矿化量、冬小麦或夏玉米吸氮量和产量,且在同一有机肥(氮肥)水平下,均随氮肥(有机肥)投入量的增加呈增加趋势,其中高量有机肥配施高量氮肥(M_2N_2)处理的增加幅度最高,冬小麦、夏玉米产量分别为6 803,_1_1 935 kg/hm_2;长期施肥使夏玉米季土壤氮净矿化量、净氮矿化率明显大于冬小麦季,施肥处理(M_1、M_1N_1、M_1N_2、M_2、M_2N_1、M_2N_2)的增幅分别为7.1%-2.7%,16.2%-76.0%;相关分析表明,冬小麦-夏玉米产量与当季冬小麦、夏玉米播前土壤全氮、矿质氮含量、氮净矿化量均存在极显著相关性,但与氮素表观淋失量相关不显著。研究表明,施用有机肥、氮肥是提高土壤供氮潜力、作物产量的有效手段,作物与季节是影响土壤氮素矿化的重要因素。 相似文献
20.
旨在明确玉米果穗乳熟期穗轴、籽粒、苞叶、穗柄水分运动变化。本文利用生育期一致，乳熟期籽粒脱水速率差异的品种‘先玉696’、‘合玉29’为供试材料，采用烘干减重法（《ISTA水分测定手册》2007）测定乳熟期穗轴、苞叶和籽粒含水量与不同时期变化量与吸湿法测定穗柄中水分运动，结果显示不同脱水类型品种玉米穗轴、苞叶和籽粒展现出相同的趋势苞叶＞籽粒＞穗轴，先玉696快于合玉29。脱水快品种先玉696表现出随着生育期推移茎秆向果穗输水逐渐下降，苞叶含水量前期快速降低，籽粒含水量下降较快。脱水慢品种合玉29茎秆向果穗输水量高于先玉696并且输水量没有发生变化，苞叶水分降低缓慢，籽粒含水量下降缓慢。本研究也显示籽粒脱水与苞叶、穗轴的脱水速率密切相关。籽粒生理成熟后自然脱水过程中水分并没有由果穗向茎秆转移，茎秆对果穗脱水起负效应，但不同品种输水量和变化量不同（差异不显著）。 相似文献