首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 78 毫秒
1.
新疆吉木乃红山水库浮游植物研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
吉木乃红山水库是天然水源型水库,通过对平水期（7月）、枯水期（10月）和丰水期（5月）水库内浮游植物群落的调查分析,共鉴定出浮游植物8门109种（属）。其中优势种为小球藻（Chlorella vulgaris）、拟菱形弓形藻（Schroederia nitzschioides）、双对栅藻（Scenedesmus bijuga）、四尾栅藻（Scenedesmus quadricauda）、长锥形锥囊藻（Dinobryon bavarium）、拟气球藻（Botrydiopsis arhiza）、广源小环藻 （Cyclotella bodanica）和短线脆杆藻（Fragilaria brevistriata）。经多样性指数分析,红山水库水体隶属中度富营养化水体,浮游植物群落结构属于绿藻-硅藻型,不同时期浮游植物生物密度趋势为：平水期（3.73±0.38×106ind/L）>枯水期（2.46±0.20×106ind/L）>丰水期（1.19±0.22×106 ind/L）。库区水体中浮游植物的种类组成、密度、多样性指数等呈典型的季节相关性。  相似文献   

2.
为了解贵州白云岩喀斯特世界自然遗产地浮游植物群落结构及其与环境因子的关系,于2017年秋季(10月)、2018年冬季（1月）、2018年春季（4月）、2018年夏季（8月）对遗产地境内黄洲河流域的浮游植物群落种类组成、优势种、丰度以及多样性的时空变化进行研究,并应用Pearson相关性分析和冗余分析（RDA）探究环境因子总氮（TN）、氨氮（NH3-N）、总磷（TP）、叶绿素a（Chl-a）、溶解氧（DO）、高锰酸盐指数（CODMn）、水温（WT）对黄洲河浮游植物群落结构的影响。结果表明,调查共鉴定出藻类6门、29科、37属、38种,以硅藻门和绿藻门居多。按季节划分,黄洲河流域优势种共9种,其中硅藻门5种,?绿藻门1种,?蓝藻门3?种;按空间划分,黄洲河流域优势种共19种,其中硅藻门9种,绿藻门4种,蓝藻门6种。浮游植物年均丰度为36.45×104个/L,夏季的丰度最高,达到89.7×104个/L,春秋季次之,冬季最低,仅8.9×104个/L。全年Margalef丰富度指数（D）、Shannon多样性指数（H）及Pielou均匀度指数（J）分别为0.34 ~0.51、1.18~1.4及0.72~0.84。Pearson相关性分析和冗余分析(RDA) 表明,影响遗产地浮游植物丰度和分布的主要环境因子为WT、CODMn、Chl-a。  相似文献   

3.
2015年4月在三峡水库库首、库中、库尾分别选择香溪河、澎溪河、御临河进行采样,比较浮游植物群落特征和浮游植物功能类群的异同,并用综合营养指数对水质进行评价。结果显示,3条支流浮游植物群落特征各有不同。3条支流共鉴定出浮游植物8门、46属、68种,其中,御临河口（50种）＞澎溪河口（33种）＞香溪河口（20种）,主要为硅藻和绿藻。御临河、澎溪河、香溪河的浮游植物平均密度分别为19.6×104 个/L、1.18×104个/L、0.9×104个/L,平均生物量分别为0.64 mg/L、0.07 mg/L、0.035 mg/L,御临河现存量明显高于其它2条支流。3条支流共得到23个功能群,优势功能类群为御临河（G, C, P）,澎溪河（LM, MP）,香溪河（F, Y）。研究表明,库尾、库中和库首河口浮游植物种群结构组成相似,从库尾支流到库首支流浮游植物种类和现存量逐渐减少。浮游植物库尾支流由硅藻为优势种的功能群转变为库中甲藻为优势种和库首绿藻为优势种的功能群。浮游植物现存量从库首到库尾支流逐渐增加,对透明度的变化有所影响;而库首到库尾支流水体氮、磷营养更多地取决于蓄水产生的水文水动力变化。  相似文献   

4.
为揭示西藏巴松错浮游植物群落结构的水平和垂直分布特征及其与环境间的关系，于2020年7月对巴松错出入河流及其湖体15个采样点和湖中心B15采样点11个分层的浮游植物进行了调查，同时测定了水体相关理化指标。调查共采集水样275个，分析了浮游植物物种组成、细胞丰度、生物量和物种多样性等群落结构特征，并探讨浮游植物对水平和垂直环境梯度变化的响应。结果表明：（1）巴松错夏季共鉴定浮游植物167种，隶属于5门8纲20目29科66属，物种组成为硅藻-绿藻-蓝藻型；（2）在水平方向上，平均细胞丰度为1.8453×104 cells/L，平均生物量为0.0117 mg/L；在垂直方向上，平均细胞丰度为1.0055×104 cells/L，平均生物量为0.0061 mg/L；（3）巴松错夏季浮游植物群落结构水平分布较为均匀，群落复杂程度相对较高，较垂直分布更稳定；（4）RDA分析结果表明，EC是影响巴松错夏季浮游植物水平群落变异的主要环境因子，TUR是影响垂直变异的主要环境因子。本研究结果为进一步研究高寒湖泊生态系统提供了基础资料。  相似文献   

5.
苏州地区湖泊浮游植物主要有8门53属，优势种3月份为隐藻、金藻，6月份为蓝藻、绿藻，10月份为硅藻；浮游动物主要有4门31种，优势种3月份为枝角类，6月份为原生动物，10月份为轮虫动物。并对湖泊资源的利用和调整提出了建议。  相似文献   

6.
2016年8月—2017年7月对水口水库雄江段浮游植物种类组成和密度进行为期一年的调查。调查期间共鉴定出浮游植物7门90种,浮游植物全年以硅藻、绿藻种类为主;浮游植物密度年平均值为1. 81×105cells/L,9—10月以隐藻为主,11—3月以绿藻为主,4—6月以硅藻为主;藻类密度全年出现两个峰值,分别在3、8月;水体低溶氧高发期为9—10月;生物多样性指数平均值为3. 07,该水域水质状况呈贫-中营养程度,属中-轻度污染。  相似文献   

7.
金海水库浮游植物调查及群落结构研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
为了了解和掌握金海水库水质状况,于2012年6月至2013年5月对金海水库水体理化指标及浮游植物的群落结构进行了逐月监测。采样期间共鉴定出浮游植物7门33属45种,其中绿藻门最多,15属24种;硅藻门次之,8属11种;蓝藻门、裸藻门、甲藻门、隐藻门和金藻门分别鉴定出4属4种、2属2种、2属2种、1属1种、1属1种。金海水库浮游植物数量变化范围20.1×104~335×104个/L,夏季最多,春季最少。浮游植物数量与环境因子相关性分析表明,水体中浮游植物数量主要受水温以及总磷浓度影响。优势度分析表明,金海水库浮游植物优势种有小球藻、肥壮蹄形藻、中型脆杆藻、微小色球藻等31种。金海水库浮游植物多样性指数和均匀度指数分别变化在1.29~3.52和0.38~0.82。金海水库水体浮游植物群落结构较为稳定,整体上以绿藻-硅藻型为主。金海水库水质总体为轻度污染。  相似文献   

8.
长湖是湖北省第三大淡水湖泊,对维持长江中游地区生态平衡发挥着重要作用。为研究长湖草型湖区和藻型湖区浮游植物群落结构特征及其与环境因子的关系,于2020年4、7、10月和2021年1月对长湖进行了调查与分析。结果表明,草型湖区和藻型湖区分别鉴定出浮游植物80种和91种,以绿藻门种类数最多,分别为38种和50种。两类湖区均以小球藻属（Chlorella sp.）和小环藻属（Cyclotella sp.）为主要优势种。草型湖区和藻型湖区浮游植物丰度变化范围分别为0.59×107~2.34×107 cells/L和0.73×107~3.06×107 cells/L,生物量变化范围分别为8.98~18.48 mg/L和 0.08~21.40 mg/L。藻型湖区多样性指数略高于草型湖区,两湖区水质整体介于轻污染到中污染之间。冗余分析（RDA）结果显示,草型湖区浮游植物优势种主要受水温（WT）、溶解氧（DO）、总氮（TN）、总磷（TP）和水位（WL）影响,藻型湖区主要受DO、TN、氮磷比（N/P）和WL影响。研究可为长湖水生态系统的监测和管理提供科学依据。  相似文献   

9.
分析不同季节浮游植物群落结构组成,明确主要环境影响因子,为金沙江干流水生生物保护和生态修复提供理论依据。于2019年春夏秋三季对金沙江中下游（河流水体和库区）浮游植物群落组成、功能群以及多样性指数进行调查,并分析了浮游植物功能群与环境因子的关系。结果表明：金沙江中下游共鉴定出浮游植物8门32科54属96种,以硅藻门（39.58%）为主,其次是绿藻门（31.25%）,河流水体与库区在浮游植物群落组成上差异不显著;Shannon-Wiener指数、Margalef指数和Pielou指数平均值分别为2.42、1.81和0.92,单因素方差分析表明,3项多样性指数在各采样点之间、各季节之间无显著差异;浮游植物共划分出24种功能群,其中8种（D、P、X1、J、C、LM、F、G）为该区域的优势功能群。河流水体出现频率大于30%的浮游植物功能群有12种,主要优势功能群以D和P为主;库区有15种,主要优势功能群以D、J、P和X1为主。Pearson相关性分析和冗余分析（RDA）结果显示,温度、浊度、海拔、氨氮和硝态氮是影响金沙江中下游流域浮游植物功能群分布格局的主要因子。  相似文献   

10.
在京杭运河苏北段秋冬两季开展水环境监测和浮游植物调查,为京杭运河苏北段的水生态环境保护提供参考。2020 年 10 月（秋季）和 2021 年 1 月（冬季）,对京杭运河苏北段布设的 16 个采样点开展了系统的水环境和浮游植物调查,根据Shannon-Wiener 多样性指数、 Pielou 均匀度指数和浮游植物细胞丰度进行了水质及水体营养状态的评价,利用 Pearson 相关性分析明确了浮游植物与环境因子的关系。结果显示：京杭运河苏北段秋冬季共采集到浮游植物 8 门 101 种,其中秋季 7 门 52 种、冬季 5 门 63 种,秋冬季均是以绿藻门和硅藻门为主,2个门类的种类数在秋冬季浮游植物种类总数的占比分别达到了 73% 和 82%;秋季浮游植物细胞丰度均值为 49.1×104 个/L,生物量均值为 0.344 mg/L,冬季浮游植物细胞丰度均值为 15.0×104 个/L,生物量均值为 0.193 mg/L;秋冬季浮游植物优势种主要以硅藻门（Bacillariophyta）和绿藻门（Chlorophyta）为主;秋季浮游植物的多样性评价结果优于冬季,秋冬季水体营养状态均为中营养型,相关性分析表明氮对京杭运河苏北段浮游植物群落结构的影响大于磷;另外,行船引起的水体扰动也是造成浮游植物群落差异的重要因素。  相似文献   

11.
The environmental processes associated with variability in the catch rates of bigeye tuna in the Atlantic Ocean are largely unexplored. This study used generalized additive models (GAMs) fitted to Taiwanese longline fishery data from 1990 to 2009 and investigated the association between environmental variables and catch rates to identify the processes influencing bigeye tuna distribution in the Atlantic Ocean. The present findings reveal that the year (temporal factor), latitude and longitude (spatial factors), and major regular longline target species of albacore catches are significant for the standardization of bigeye tuna catch rates in the Atlantic Ocean. The standardized catch rates and distribution of bigeye tuna were found to be related to environmental and climatic variation. The model selection processes showed that the selected GAMs explained 70% of the cumulative deviance in the entire Atlantic Ocean. Regarding environmental factors, the depth of the 20 degree isotherm (D20) substantially contributed to the explained deviance; other important factors were sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height deviation (SSHD). The potential fishing grounds were observed with SSTs of 22–28°C, a D20 shallower than 150 m and negative SSHDs in the Atlantic Ocean. The higher predicted catch rates were increased in the positive northern tropical Atlantic and negative North Atlantic Oscillation events with a higher SST and shallow D20, suggesting that climatic oscillations affect the population abundance and distribution of bigeye tuna.  相似文献   

12.
Previously, we reported 10 PEGE types of 85 tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae(GBS), which shifted from Streptococcus iniae in China, by using PEGE method. Presently, larger and more representative tilapia GBS were isolated, for the ?rst time in China, to characterize their serotypes and genetic diversities more precisely than had done before. 168 GBS strains were distributed in ?ve provinces of China, in which Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan were the major ones, holding36.9%(62/168), 37.5%(63/168) and 19.6%(33/168), respectively. Serotypes, Ia, Ib and III, were observed in these strains and the most predominant one was Ia(95.2%), which mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. Ia initially occurred in 2009, it shoot up to 32.1% in 2010,but decreased to 16.1% in 2011 before went up to 45.2% in 2012. Ib sporadically occurred during2007–2011, III onlyoccurred in 2012. 14 different PFGE types, including 4 new types(N, O,P and Q), were observed, in which B, D, F and G were the predominant types, holding 83.9%(141/168) of the total GBS strains. Ia corresponded to 11 PFGE types(A–H, N–P), in which type D predominated(51%). Ib represented 3 genotypes(I, J and Q) and III harbored only 2genotypes(N and F). Type N and Fsynchronously presented in Ia and III. In summary, the genetic diversity of tilapia GBS varied by serotypes and changed with geographical locations and years.Although Iastillpredominated, new rareserotypeIII alreadyoccurred in China.  相似文献   

13.
  相似文献   

14.
In this experiment, a feeding trial was performed to determine the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus juveniles (initial weight 38.3 ± 0.5 g), and the fish were examined following feeding with six levels of FOS (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 g/kg) for 28 days. Significant enhancement of weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) was found in fish fed 1 g/kg FOS incorporated diets (p < .05), while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the 1, 2 g/kg FOS groups reduced significantly compared with the control (p < .05). Besides, the crude lipid in the 4, 6 g/kg FOS groups increased significantly compared with the control (p < .05). On the other hand, the erepsin and lipase activities significantly elevated in intestine of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS (p < .05) and the lysozyme activity in serum of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than that in the control (p < .05). Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase activities in serum of fish fed 0.5, 1, 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than in control (p < .05). Regression analysis showed that the relationships between dietary FOS levels and either SGR, FCR, erepsin or lysozyme activities were best expressed by regression equations, and the optimal inclusion levels are 1.37, 1.80, 3.06, 3.11, 1.93 and 1.80 g/kg for SGR, FCR, erepsin, lipase, lysozyme and total superoxide dismutase activities, respectively. Overall, this study revealed that FOS incorporated diets could beneficial for L. japonicus culture in terms of increasing the growth, digestion and immune activities. Under the present experimental condition, the optimal supplementary level of FOS in the diet of L. japonicus is 1–3 g/kg.  相似文献   

15.
Growth hormone (GH) and reproduction: a review   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  
Interaction between growth and reproduction occurs in many vertebrates and is particularly obvious at certain stages of the life cycle in fish. Endocrine interactions between the gonadotropic axis and the somatotropic axis are described, the potential role of GH being emphasised. A comparative analysis of these phenomena in mammals, amphibians and fish, suggests a specific role of GH in the physiology of puberty, gametogenesis and fertility. It also shows the original contribution made by studies on the fish model in this field of investigations.  相似文献   

16.
Two gonadotropins (GtH; Qa and Qb) were purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography from the pituitaries of Indian walking catfish (Clarias batrachus). The presence of GtH during purification was assessed by in vitro oocyte maturation and in vivo steroidogenic activity, and their identities were determined by elution profiles, molecular weight, biological activities and yield. The molecular weights of Qa and Qb were 37 and 42 kDa, respectively, and composed of distinct subunits (Qa: 20 and 14 kDa and Qb: 26 and 18 kDa). Polyclonal antibodies raised against Qa immunostained Qa, Qb and pituitary GtH cells. A competitive Qa‐ELISA was developed whose sensitivity was 6.25 ng mL?1 (1.25 ng well?1) with intra‐ (3.5%) and inter‐ (12.4%) assay coefficients of variation. Displacement curves parallel to the standard were obtained with plasma and pituitary extracts of catfish, Qb and carp GtHII. The assay was validated by measuring the plasma Qa levels after LHRH treatment and in relation to ovarian growth in the female catfish during different reproductive phases. Based on the results, Qa and Qb corresponded to fish LH and FSH respectively. The findings will increase the knowledge of the mechanisms controlling fish reproduction and identification of sensitive phases in fish in captivity for hormonal manipulation.  相似文献   

17.
Tetrahymena is a protozoan parasite, which infects guppy, Poecilia reticulata Peters, and causes substantial economical losses in commercial farms worldwide. Studies of guppy infected by Tetrahymena require standardized infection protocols. The LD50 for Tetrahymena infection of guppies by intraperitoneal (IP) injection was calibrated, and the level obtained was 946 parasites per fish. Guppy infection with Tetrahymena by immersion, imitating the natural route of infection via the integument, was studied under normal or stress conditions. Exposure to cold and netting (CNI) and to cold only (CI) followed by immersion exposure to 10 000 Tetrahymena per mL resulted in 22.5% and 19.2% mortality, respectively, as compared to 14.2% and 10% in groups that were netted only (NI) or non‐stressed (I). Histopathology revealed that immersion infection resulted in a systemic infection. Lysozyme levels, measured 3 weeks after infection, were significantly higher in the CNI group (288 μg per mg protein) compared with CI‐, NI‐ and I‐treated groups (94.5, 64 and 62.3 μg mg?1, respectively). There was no evident parasite immobilization activity in body homogenates, suggesting no development of acquired immunity. Re‐infection by IP injection revealed no increase in protection in any of the treatment groups, mortality range of 56.3–75%, higher than in the non‐exposed control (40.6% mortality).  相似文献   

18.
Protein and amino acid composition of the mantle of juvenile O ctopus vulgaris (Cuvier, 1797) during fasting for 27 days were determined. Average protein content of octopus mantle was of 711.19 ± 46.80 g kg?1 DW, and it decreased with increasing fasting days. The non‐essential amino acids content was higher (486.18 ± 11.08 g kg?1 protein) than essential amino acids (425.82 ± 9.15 g kg?1 protein) at the start of the experiment (unstarved animals). The results suggest that the amino acid profile of the mantle where the most abundant amino acids are Arg, His, Lys, Gly, Leu and Pro could indicate a prolonged fasting condition (>20 days) or poor nutrition of O . vulgaris. This study supports the idea of using mantle for metabolic needs of starved O . vulgaris suggesting that the degradation pathway of amino acids to pyruvate and tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates was favoured contrary to the degradation pathway of ketogenic amino acids. Special considerations should be taken concerning Thr, Ile, Ser, Ala, Asx (Asp, Asn), Glx (Glu, Gln) (because of their fast intake) and Lys and His (due to their stable contents) during a prolonged period of fasting.  相似文献   

19.
The endemic, anadromous cyprinidChalcalburnus tarichi is the only fish species known to occur in alkaline Lake Van (Eastern Anatolia, Turkey). EightC. tarichi were maintained individually in Lake Van water (17 – 19°C; pH 9.8; 153 mEq·I–1 total alkalinity; 22 total salinity) and tank water samples analyzed for 24 h in 2 to 4 h intervals. At zero time, < 1µM ammonia was present and urea was undetectable in the tank water; at 24 h, total ammonia and urea made up 114±32 and 35±25µM, respectively. Over the experimental period, ammonia-N and urea-N excretion averaged 1041±494 and 607±169moles·kg–1 fish·h–1, respectively. The extent of urea excretion was highly variable between specimens. Uric acid excretion was not detectable.Urea was present at high concentrations in all tissues and plasma (25 – 35moles·g–1·ml–1) of freshly caughtC. tarichi; total ammonia content of the tissues was by a factor of 1.9 (liver) to 3.0 (brain) lower. High arginase activity (2.4±0.2 U·min–1·g–1) was detected in the liver ofC. tarichi but ornithine carbamoylphosphate transferase, a key enzyme of the ornithine-urea-cycle, was absent. Ureagenesis is likely through degradation of arginine and/or uricolysis. High glutamine synthetase activity (11±0.6 U·min–1·g–1) and low ammonia content in brain suggest that, like other teleosts,C. tarichi has an efficient ammonia detoxification in the brain, but in no other tissue.Nitrogenous waste excretion at alkaline pH is discussed. The ability ofC. tarichi to excrete high levels of ammonia at extremely alkaline pH is unique among teleosts studied so far. The mechanism of ammonia excretion under Lake Van conditions remains to be elucidated.  相似文献   

20.
There has been growing concern about the overuse of antibiotics in the ornamental fish industry and its possible effect on the increasing drug resistance in both commensal and pathogenic organisms in these fish. The aim of this study was to carry out an assessment of the diversity of bacteria, including pathogens, in ornamental fish species imported into North America and to assess their antibiotic resistance. Kidney samples were collected from 32 freshwater ornamental fish of various species, which arrived to an importing facility in Portland, Oregon from Colombia, Singapore and Florida. Sixty‐four unique bacterial colonies were isolated and identified by PCR using bacterial 16S primers and DNA sequencing. Multiple isolates were identified as bacteria with potential to cause disease in both fish and humans. The antibiotic resistance profile of each isolate was performed for nine different antibiotics. Among them, cefotaxime (16% resistance among isolates) was the antibiotic associated with more activity, while the least active was tetracycline (77% resistant). Knowing information about the diversity of bacteria in imported ornamental fish, as well as the resistance profiles for the bacteria will be useful in more effectively treating clinical infected fish, and also potential zoonoses in the future.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号