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1.
鱼菜共生系统中植物密度对水质及鱼菜生长的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《渔业现代化》2018,(5)
为评估不同植物密度对鱼菜共生系统水质及鱼菜生长的影响,于2017年开展鱼菜共生试验。鲫鱼养殖水体有效体积350 L,养殖密度10 kg/m3;水雍菜栽培面积为1. 0 m~2,植物密度为60、45、30株/m~2。结果显示:系统水温29. 37℃～31. 40℃,溶氧2. 33～5. 00 mg/L,p H 6. 22～7. 42,电导率(EC) 0. 19～0. 66 m S/cm,水质基本符合鱼菜生长需求;系统氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮、硝酸盐氮质量浓度随时间变化显著(P=0. 000),不同处理组的硝酸盐氮质量浓度存在显著差异(P=0. 028),且植物密度为45株/m~2的系统其平均硝酸盐氮质量浓度最高;试验共持续33d,鱼总鲜重增量为(1. 70±4. 36) kg、(1. 50±1. 57) kg、(1. 67±6. 01) kg,菜总鲜重增量为(7. 71±2. 27) kg、(6. 15±5. 49) kg、(4. 04±3. 01) kg;植物密度对地上部分含氮量相对增长率的影响显著(P=0. 037),且植物密度为45株/m~2的系统其地上部分含氮量相对增长率为正值。研究表明,3种植物密度系统的鱼菜生长良好,植物密度为45株/m~2组的系统具有较高的氮素转化效率,可通过扩大植物栽培面积来促进系统的氮素转化并获取更多的经济产出。 相似文献
2.
循环水高密度养殖珍珠龙胆石斑鱼效果研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为研究循环水高密度养殖珍珠龙胆石斑鱼[Epinephelus lanceolatu(♂)×Epinephelus fuscoguttatus(♀)]的养殖效果,在自行研制的循环水养殖系统中进行了试验。试验中对珍珠龙胆石斑鱼生长指标及养殖系统主要水质指标进行分析测定。结果显示,养殖期间的水质指标:水温26~29℃,盐度25~30,溶氧(DO)≥8 mg/L,氨氮浓度0.20~1.16 mg/L,亚硝酸盐氮0.05~0.40 mg/L。试验共持续250 d,分3个生长阶段:第1阶段87 d,密度由13.82 kg/m3增加到28.89 kg/m3,存活率95.28%,平均体重由(150±18)g增加到(329±42)g,特定生长率(SGR)为(0.90±0.06)%;第2阶段106 d,密度由28.89 kg/m3增加到53.36 kg/m3,存活率90.44%,平均体重由(329±42)g增加到(672±66)g,SGR为(0.67±0.02)%;第3阶段57 d,密度由46.98 kg/m3增加到69.50 kg/m3,存活率98.6%,平均体重由(676±52)g增加到(1 014±75)g,SGR为(0.71±0.02)%。养殖期间的平均SGR为(0.76±0.02)%,总存活率84.9%,饲料系数1.04,投入产出比为1∶2.02。本研究成果可为高密度养殖珍珠龙胆石斑鱼提供参考。 相似文献
3.
《渔业现代化》2015,(4)
为探索解决罗非鱼越冬问题,开展了利用循环水养殖系统进行暂养的试验研究。以具有代表性的吉富罗非鱼(Orcochromis niloticus)为研究对象,设计并构建了一套室内罗非鱼循环水养殖系统,并对罗非鱼进行了为期30 d的养殖试验。整个养殖周期内,罗非鱼养殖系统环境稳定、水质稳定良好。结果显示,系统养殖负荷总量从1 024.2 kg增长到2 309.1kg,鱼体平均体重由(170.7±10.8)g增重至(385.5±7.5)g,养殖密度由(22.9±3.5)kg/m3增加到(51.5±4.2)kg/m3,存活率达99.8%,饵料系数1.35。水质检测结果显示,水体进水口总氨氮0.21~0.33 mg/L,去除率20.64%;亚硝酸盐氮0.067~0.13 mg/L,去除率13.82%;溶氧6.5~7.4 mg/L,pH 8.15~8.65,水温23.9~24.7℃。研究表明,罗非鱼生长状况良好,系统中各水质参数符合养殖要求。循环水养殖系统用于罗非鱼冬季暂养具有一定的可行性。 相似文献
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为探明凡纳滨对虾养殖尾水中悬浮物的物质组成和粒径分布特性,2021年11月对上海市3口典型对虾养殖池塘(SP1、SP2、SP3)尾水排放过程进行动态监测,采集不同排水深度的尾水样品,分析尾水中悬浮物物质组成和变化规律,研究尾水中悬浮颗粒粒径数量和体积分布特征。试验结果显示,尾水中悬浮物、颗粒态氮、颗粒态磷含量随排水深度的增加呈递增趋势,在排水深度达2/3以后增幅明显升高,悬浮物中氮、磷含量平均占比则随之下降,分别由排水前的6.11%和1.20%降至排水末期的0.38%和0.11%;悬浮颗粒粒径分布受排水过程驱动,排水末期SP1、SP2和SP3尾水悬浮颗粒体积组成的中值粒径分别为11.69、20.89μm和38.23μm,主要以<100μm的胶体和细颗粒为主,平均体积占比达92.68%;虾塘尾水悬浮颗粒粒径数量分布符合可变β模型(r2=0.849±0.128),粒径体积分布符合对数正态分布模型(r2=0.879±0.141)。 相似文献
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冷水鱼循环水养殖中的低温氨氮处理技术研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为解决冷水鱼养殖过程中养殖水体中的氨氮累积问题,根据低温生物滤器及臭氧催化氧化处理氨氮的特点,设计了冷水鱼工厂化养殖氨氮处理系统并进行了试验。试验基于以臭氧氧化为主、低温生物处理为辅的处理工艺,试验鱼为虹鳟鱼,养殖密度为23 kg/m3,试验水体约为10 m3,试验周期为7 d。结果表明,该系统能够满足冷水鱼工厂化养殖过程中有关氨氮处理的水质指标要求,处理后的养殖池进水口的水质指标总氨氮≤0．18 mg/L,硝酸盐氮氮≤29．43 mg/L,亚硝酸盐氮氮≤0．1 mg/L;养殖水体氨氮浓度监测表明,臭氧在水中残留低于0．008 mg/L,符合养殖鱼类对水体臭氧浓度的安全要求。 相似文献
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《渔业现代化》2021,(2)
高密度循环水养殖系统微细悬浮颗粒物(30μm)的去除,是其水环境调控的关键。采用库尔特粒度分析仪分析大西洋鲑(Salmo salar)循环水养殖系统微细悬浮颗粒的时空分布,结果显示:系统中粒径为1～3μm的颗粒占总颗粒数的98.36%,3～15μm的占1.63%,15～30μm的仅占0.01%,系统内微细悬浮颗粒数量、总体积、总表面积的范围分别为(0.36～2.10)×10~6个/mL、(0.97～6.30)×10~(6 )mm~(3 )/mL、(0.24～1.30)×10~(7 )mm~2/mL;颗粒数量分布方面,随着粒径的减小,各样品颗粒数量迅速增加;体积分布方面,颗粒粒径越大,颗粒总体积越大;表面积分布方面,随着粒径的增大,总表面积呈现先减小后增大的趋势;泡沫分离器和浸没式生物滤池都呈现了很强的微细悬浮颗粒截留能力。本研究可为揭示稳定运行的循环水养殖系统的微细悬浮颗粒的分布状况,为选用不同的固液分离技术、提高固体颗粒物的去除效率提供参考。 相似文献
7.
贝藻处理工厂化养殖废水的研究 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8
研究了常见大型藻类对氮、磷营养盐的去除效果和贝类对悬浮颗粒物的去除效果。结果表明,石莼和海带在同样的实验条件下吸附氮、磷营养盐的效果明显高于鼠尾藻和马尾藻,密度2g/L的石莼和7.52g/L的海带是较好的养殖密度。与扇贝和文蛤比较,牡蛎具有较高的去除悬浮颗粒物的效率,可以在24h内除去养殖废水中93%的悬浮颗粒物。在20L养殖废水中投放1000g牡蛎和40g石莼组成的净化养殖废水的生物滤器对营养盐和悬浮颗粒物具有最好的去除效果,其去除效率分别为PO4P67.8%、NO2N60.2%、NH4N55.8%、NO3N59.0%和SPM82.5%。在20L养殖废水中投放1000g牡蛎和150g海带组成的生物滤器对营养盐和悬浮颗粒物的去除效果较好,其去除效率分别为PO4P62.6%,NO2N55.7%,NH4N46.0%,NO3N56.6%和SPM84.5%。 相似文献
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工厂化养鱼实用技术模式研究中,水质监测为试验提供了基础数据,并且成为试验顺利进行的有利保证;分析报告可供其它研究、生产人员参考。本次工厂化养鱼试验自2002年5月24日开始,至7月25日结束,养殖品种为奥尼罗非鱼和短盖巨脂鲤(亦名淡水白鲳),单位水体鱼获量奥尼罗非鱼78.2kg/m3,淡水白鲳82.2kg/m3。试验期间每两天检测水质一次,共检测32次。监测的水质理化指标有水温、pH、溶解氧、氨氮、亚硝酸氮、硝酸氮、磷酸盐、碱度。一、材料和方法1.仪器设备723型分光光度计、F-20A酸度计、YSI自动溶氧分析仪、表层水温计等。2.试剂及化验用水试… 相似文献
9.
换水率和密度对刺参生长和水质的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探究日换水率(0、10%、20%、30%和100%)和养殖密度[0.980±0.008、1.760±0.005、2.810±0.007和(3.640±0.006)kg/m3]对刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)生长率和养殖水质的影响,养殖试验首先在非循环水养殖条件下,测定各组刺参综合特定生长率(ISGR)及养殖水体中氨氮及亚硝酸盐氮质量浓度。结果显示,日换水率为10%和20%处理组的ISGR分别达到每天(1.330±0.161)%和(1.410±0.182)%,显著高于其他处理组;密度养殖试验证明,随着养殖密度的增加,ISGR逐渐降低,分别达到每天(0.610±0.500)%,(0.570±0.030)%,(0.560±0.045)%和(0.320±0.040)%,各组换水率及养殖密度组水体中氨氮及亚硝酸盐氮均在安全浓度范围内波动;养殖结果显示,循环水养殖试验组刺参的ISGR高于非循环水养殖组,可达(0.130±0.007)%,且氨氮及亚硝酸盐氮质量浓度在0.020 mg/L以下,而非循环水养殖的分别积累到(0.600±0.015)mg/L和(0.076±0.002)mg/L。研究表明,在换水率15%,养殖密度(2.810±0.007)kg/m3的循环水养殖条件下,可以保证水体水质稳定,刺参生长良好。 相似文献
10.
本实验设置300尾/m3、600尾/m3、1 200尾/m3和1 800尾/m3 4个养殖密度,探讨了工厂化对虾养殖池中养殖密度对氮磷收支的影响.结果表明,饵料对系统氮、磷的贡献率分别为84.3%～98.3%和93.2%～97.3%,且随养殖密度的增加而提高;通过水层输出的氮、磷分别为总输出量的27.5%～36.3%和8.4%～23.9%,通过底泥沉积的氮、磷分别为总输出量的30.9%～43.9%和51.5%～62.3%.结果说明,在系统氮磷的总输出中,水层输出和沉积均占到了相当的比重,相比较而言,沉积作用更为重要.养殖密度增加会在一定程度上降低水层和提高底泥沉积的氮磷量;总氮磷的投入中有14.5%～28.7%的氮和7.4%～16.5%的磷最终转化为对虾生物量,表现为随养殖密度的增加而降低;池壁附着物中积累的氮磷量在总氮磷输出中所占比重较小,分别为0.3%～3.2%和0.2%～3.0%,且其比重随养殖密度的增加而降低.结果说明,养殖密度显著影响对虾工厂化养殖池氮磷的收支. 相似文献
11.
Association between the interannual variation in the oceanic environment and catch rates of bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) in the Atlantic Ocean 
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下载免费PDF全文 The environmental processes associated with variability in the catch rates of bigeye tuna in the Atlantic Ocean are largely unexplored. This study used generalized additive models (GAMs) fitted to Taiwanese longline fishery data from 1990 to 2009 and investigated the association between environmental variables and catch rates to identify the processes influencing bigeye tuna distribution in the Atlantic Ocean. The present findings reveal that the year (temporal factor), latitude and longitude (spatial factors), and major regular longline target species of albacore catches are significant for the standardization of bigeye tuna catch rates in the Atlantic Ocean. The standardized catch rates and distribution of bigeye tuna were found to be related to environmental and climatic variation. The model selection processes showed that the selected GAMs explained 70% of the cumulative deviance in the entire Atlantic Ocean. Regarding environmental factors, the depth of the 20 degree isotherm (D20) substantially contributed to the explained deviance; other important factors were sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height deviation (SSHD). The potential fishing grounds were observed with SSTs of 22–28°C, a D20 shallower than 150 m and negative SSHDs in the Atlantic Ocean. The higher predicted catch rates were increased in the positive northern tropical Atlantic and negative North Atlantic Oscillation events with a higher SST and shallow D20, suggesting that climatic oscillations affect the population abundance and distribution of bigeye tuna. 相似文献
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In this experiment, a feeding trial was performed to determine the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus juveniles (initial weight 38.3 ± 0.5 g), and the fish were examined following feeding with six levels of FOS (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 g/kg) for 28 days. Significant enhancement of weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) was found in fish fed 1 g/kg FOS incorporated diets (p < .05), while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the 1, 2 g/kg FOS groups reduced significantly compared with the control (p < .05). Besides, the crude lipid in the 4, 6 g/kg FOS groups increased significantly compared with the control (p < .05). On the other hand, the erepsin and lipase activities significantly elevated in intestine of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS (p < .05) and the lysozyme activity in serum of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than that in the control (p < .05). Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase activities in serum of fish fed 0.5, 1, 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than in control (p < .05). Regression analysis showed that the relationships between dietary FOS levels and either SGR, FCR, erepsin or lysozyme activities were best expressed by regression equations, and the optimal inclusion levels are 1.37, 1.80, 3.06, 3.11, 1.93 and 1.80 g/kg for SGR, FCR, erepsin, lipase, lysozyme and total superoxide dismutase activities, respectively. Overall, this study revealed that FOS incorporated diets could beneficial for L. japonicus culture in terms of increasing the growth, digestion and immune activities. Under the present experimental condition, the optimal supplementary level of FOS in the diet of L. japonicus is 1–3 g/kg. 相似文献
14.
Liping Li Rui Wang Wanwen Liang Xi Gan Ting Huang Yan Huang Jian Li Yunliang Shi Honglin Luo Ming Chen 《广西水产科技》2014,(1)
Previously, we reported 10 PEGE types of 85 tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae(GBS), which shifted from Streptococcus iniae in China, by using PEGE method. Presently, larger and more representative tilapia GBS were isolated, for the ?rst time in China, to characterize their serotypes and genetic diversities more precisely than had done before. 168 GBS strains were distributed in ?ve provinces of China, in which Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan were the major ones, holding36.9%(62/168), 37.5%(63/168) and 19.6%(33/168), respectively. Serotypes, Ia, Ib and III, were observed in these strains and the most predominant one was Ia(95.2%), which mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. Ia initially occurred in 2009, it shoot up to 32.1% in 2010,but decreased to 16.1% in 2011 before went up to 45.2% in 2012. Ib sporadically occurred during2007–2011, III onlyoccurred in 2012. 14 different PFGE types, including 4 new types(N, O,P and Q), were observed, in which B, D, F and G were the predominant types, holding 83.9%(141/168) of the total GBS strains. Ia corresponded to 11 PFGE types(A–H, N–P), in which type D predominated(51%). Ib represented 3 genotypes(I, J and Q) and III harbored only 2genotypes(N and F). Type N and Fsynchronously presented in Ia and III. In summary, the genetic diversity of tilapia GBS varied by serotypes and changed with geographical locations and years.Although Iastillpredominated, new rareserotypeIII alreadyoccurred in China. 相似文献
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Iciar Martinez Amaya Velasco Ricardo Pérez-Martín Eskil Forås Michiaki Yamashita Carmen G. Sotelo 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(4):289-297
The purpose of this work was to evaluate the suitability of a method based on the presence of two restriction sites (for Hae III and Hindf I) in the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (mt ND5) gene to identify Scomber species. The evaluation was performed on 144 reference and market samples by sequencing of the entire 505-bp fragment of the mt ND5 gene and of a 464-bp fragment of the Kocher fragment of the cytochrome b gene (mt Cytb). Sequence analysis of any of the two fragments allows the identification of each of the four Scomber species, but S. japonicus and S. colias had the same restriction sites at the ND5 amplicon and would not have been differentiated by this analysis. Similarly, loss of the Hae III site in some S. scombrus individuals would have misidentified them as not being Scomber. All the market products were correctly labeled except one acquired in Spain labeled as originating in the Atlantic and containing S. japonicus. 相似文献
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Growth hormone (GH) and reproduction: a review 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Florence Le Gac Odile Blaise Alex Fostier Pierre-Yves Le Bail Maurice Loir Brigitte Mourot Claudine Weil 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1993,11(1-6):219-232
Interaction between growth and reproduction occurs in many vertebrates and is particularly obvious at certain stages of the life cycle in fish. Endocrine interactions between the gonadotropic axis and the somatotropic axis are described, the potential role of GH being emphasised. A comparative analysis of these phenomena in mammals, amphibians and fish, suggests a specific role of GH in the physiology of puberty, gametogenesis and fertility. It also shows the original contribution made by studies on the fish model in this field of investigations. 相似文献
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Two gonadotropins (GtH; Qa and Qb) were purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography from the pituitaries of Indian walking catfish (Clarias batrachus). The presence of GtH during purification was assessed by in vitro oocyte maturation and in vivo steroidogenic activity, and their identities were determined by elution profiles, molecular weight, biological activities and yield. The molecular weights of Qa and Qb were 37 and 42 kDa, respectively, and composed of distinct subunits (Qa: 20 and 14 kDa and Qb: 26 and 18 kDa). Polyclonal antibodies raised against Qa immunostained Qa, Qb and pituitary GtH cells. A competitive Qa‐ELISA was developed whose sensitivity was 6.25 ng mL?1 (1.25 ng well?1) with intra‐ (3.5%) and inter‐ (12.4%) assay coefficients of variation. Displacement curves parallel to the standard were obtained with plasma and pituitary extracts of catfish, Qb and carp GtHII. The assay was validated by measuring the plasma Qa levels after LHRH treatment and in relation to ovarian growth in the female catfish during different reproductive phases. Based on the results, Qa and Qb corresponded to fish LH and FSH respectively. The findings will increase the knowledge of the mechanisms controlling fish reproduction and identification of sensitive phases in fish in captivity for hormonal manipulation. 相似文献
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Controlled infection of Poecilia reticulata Peters (guppy) with Tetrahymena by immersion and intraperitoneal injection 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 G Sharon M Pimenta‐Leibowitz M C L Vilchis N Isakov D Zilberg 《Journal of fish diseases》2015,38(1):67-74
Tetrahymena is a protozoan parasite, which infects guppy, Poecilia reticulata Peters, and causes substantial economical losses in commercial farms worldwide. Studies of guppy infected by Tetrahymena require standardized infection protocols. The LD50 for Tetrahymena infection of guppies by intraperitoneal (IP) injection was calibrated, and the level obtained was 946 parasites per fish. Guppy infection with Tetrahymena by immersion, imitating the natural route of infection via the integument, was studied under normal or stress conditions. Exposure to cold and netting (CNI) and to cold only (CI) followed by immersion exposure to 10 000 Tetrahymena per mL resulted in 22.5% and 19.2% mortality, respectively, as compared to 14.2% and 10% in groups that were netted only (NI) or non‐stressed (I). Histopathology revealed that immersion infection resulted in a systemic infection. Lysozyme levels, measured 3 weeks after infection, were significantly higher in the CNI group (288 μg per mg protein) compared with CI‐, NI‐ and I‐treated groups (94.5, 64 and 62.3 μg mg?1, respectively). There was no evident parasite immobilization activity in body homogenates, suggesting no development of acquired immunity. Re‐infection by IP injection revealed no increase in protection in any of the treatment groups, mortality range of 56.3–75%, higher than in the non‐exposed control (40.6% mortality). 相似文献
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