共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Genomic selection employs genome‐wide marker data to predict genomic breeding values. In this study, a population consisting of 391 lines of elite winter oilseed rape derived from nine families was used to evaluate the prospects of genomic selection in rapeseed breeding. All lines have been phenotyped for six morphological, quality‐ and yield‐related traits and genotyped with genome‐wide SNP markers. We used ridge regression best linear unbiased prediction in combination with cross‐validation and obtained medium to high prediction accuracies for the studied traits. Our results illustrate that among‐family variance contributes to the prediction accuracy and can lead to an overestimation of the prospects of genomic selection within single segregating families. We also tested a scenario where estimation of effects was carried out without individuals from the family in which breeding values were predicted, which yielded lower but nevertheless attractive prediction accuracies. Taken together, our results suggest that genomic selection can be a valuable genomic approach for complex agronomic traits towards a knowledge‐based breeding in rapeseed. 相似文献
2.
Torben Schulz‐Streeck Joseph O. Ogutu Andrés Gordillo Zivan Karaman Carsten Knaak Hans‐Peter Piepho 《Plant Breeding》2013,132(6):532-538
Genomic selection has been routinely implemented in plant breeding in two stages. The first stage usually omits the marker information and estimates adjusted means of genotypes across environments. The second stage uses the adjusted means to predict genomic breeding values. However, if the effects of markers vary substantially between different environments, it may be important to account for this variation for varieties adapted to different environments. Using two maize data sets, we investigated whether modelling the marker‐by‐environment interaction can improve the predictive ability of genomic selection relative to modelling genotype‐by‐environment interaction alone. Modelling the marker‐by‐environment interaction did not substantially increase the predictive ability relative to modelling only the genotype‐by‐environment interaction for the two tested data sets. Thus, genomic selection, carried out in a stagewise fashion, such that the marker information is omitted until the last stage of the process, may suffice for most practical purposes. Moreover, predictive ability did not reduce substantially even when the number of markers with consistent effects across environments used for genomic prediction was reduced to about 50. 相似文献
3.
Jochen C. Reif Yusheng Zhao Tobias Würschum Manje Gowda Volker Hahn 《Plant Breeding》2013,132(1):107-114
Predicting single‐cross performance is of high importance to improve the efficiency of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrid breeding programmes. We used experimental data from inter‐ and intragroup sunflower hybrids and their parental lines adapted to Central Europe to (i) study the genetic diversity and combining ability and (ii) examine the accuracy to predict hybrid performance based on phenotypic and genomic data. We evaluated 133 intragroup and 104 intergroup hybrids with their parental lines in replicated trials at four environments for grain yield, oil yield and oil content. Furthermore, the parental lines were fingerprinted with 572 AFLP markers. Variance due to specific combining ability was comparable for intergroup and intragroup crosses. This suggested a lack of clearly defined heterotic groups for the sample of studied sunflower lines. Prediction accuracy of hybrid performance based on general combining ability effects was high and could not be increased using genomic selection approaches. For situations where no information on GCA effects of parental lines was available, hybrid prediction based on genomic selection methods was accurate for groups of related lines. For groups of unrelated lines, however, we observed a strong decrease in the prediction accuracy. This suggests that prediction of hybrid performance for crosses based on genetically distant parents remains challenging. 相似文献
4.
Steven Maenhout Bernard De Baets Geert Haesaert Erik Van Bockstaele 《Euphytica》2008,161(1-2):123-131
The phenomenon of heterosis is widely used in hybrid breeding programmes, despite the fact that no satisfactory molecular
explanation is available. Estimators of quantitative genetic components like GCA and SCA values are tools used by the plant
breeder to identify superior parental individuals and to search for high heterosis combinations. Obtaining these estimators
usually requires the creation of new parental combinations and testing their offspring in multi-environment field trials.
In this study we explore the use of ɛ-insensitive Support Vector Machine Regression (ɛ-SVR) for the prediction of GCA and
SCA values from the molecular marker scores of parental inbred lines as an alternative to these field trials. Prediction accuracies
are obtained by means of cross-validation on a grain maize data set from the private breeding company RAGT R2n. Results indicate
that the proposed method allows the routine screening of new inbred lines despite the fact that predicting the SCA value of
an untested hybrid remains problematic with the available molecular marker information and standard kernel functions. The
genotypical performance of a testcross hybrid, originating from a cross between an untested inbred line and a well-known complementary
tester, can be predicted with moderate to high accuracy while this cannot be said for a cross between two untested inbred
lines. 相似文献
5.
Evaluation of genomic approaches for marker‐based improvement of lodging tolerance in triticale 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Wenxin Liu Willmar L. Leiser Hans Peter Maurer Junhui Li Sigrid Weissmann Volker Hahn Tobias Würschum 《Plant Breeding》2015,134(4):416-422
Lodging tolerance is an important agronomic trait as it can have a severe negative impact on grain yield and quality. Here, we used a large mapping population of 647 doubled haploid triticale lines derived from four families to dissect the genetic architecture underlying lodging tolerance and to assess different approaches for a genomics‐based improvement of the trait. The plants were evaluated for lodging in two environments and genotyped with 1710 genomewide DArT markers. We observed a large genotypic variation for lodging and transgressive segregation in all families. Employing two complementary QTL mapping approaches, we identified both main effect and epistatic QTL. Using cross‐validation, we showed that the proportion of genotypic variance explained by the detected QTL is low, thus limiting the efficiency of marker‐assisted selection to improve this trait. By contrast, the cross‐validated predictive ability of genomic prediction was approximately twice as high as that of the QTL‐based selection approaches. In conclusion, our results show that lodging tolerance is a complex trait that can be improved by classical breeding but also assisted by marker‐based approaches. 相似文献
6.
The potential of genomic‐assisted breeding to improve Fusarium head blight resistance in winter durum wheat 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Thomas Miedaner Henry Desaint Hermann Buerstmayr C. Friedrich H. Longin Tobias Würschum 《Plant Breeding》2017,136(5):610-619
Durum wheat is the most important tetraploid wheat mainly used for semolina and pasta production, but is notorious for its high susceptibility to Fusarium head blight (FHB). Our objectives were to identify and characterize quantitative trait loci (QTL) in winter durum and to evaluate the potential of genomic approaches for the improvement of FHB resistance. Here, we employed an international panel of 170 winter and 14 spring durum lines, phenotyped for Fusarium culmorum resistance at five environments. Heading date, plant height and mean FHB severity showed significant genotypic variation with high heritabilities and FHB resistance was negatively correlated with both heading date and plant height. The dwarfing gene Rht‐B1 significantly affected FHB resistance and the genome‐wide association scan identified eight additional QTL affecting FHB resistance, explaining between 1% and 14% of the genotypic variation. A genome‐wide prediction approach yielded only a slightly improved predictive ability compared to marker‐assisted selection based on the four strongest QTL. In conclusion, FHB resistance in durum wheat is a highly quantitative trait and in breeding programmes may best be tackled by classical high‐throughput recurrent phenotypic selection that can be assisted by genomic prediction if marker profiles are available. 相似文献
7.
Sameer Kumar Chanda Venkata Ganga Rao Nadigatla Veera Prabha Rama Rachit K. Saxena Kulbhushan Saxena Hari D. Upadhyaya Moses Siambi Said N. Silim Kothapally Narasimha Reddy Anupama J. Hingane Mamta Sharma Shivali Sharma Stephen Dominic Lyimo Rose Ubwe Meshack Makenge Kananji Gad Paul Kiprotich Kimurto Manuel Amane Kennedy Kanenga Yuventino Obong Emanuel Monyo Chris Ojiewo Nagesh Kumar Mallela Venkata Jaganmohan Polineni Rao Prashanthi Lakkireddy Sudhakar Chourat Indraprakash Singh Sobhan Sajja Shruthi Hirikara Beliappa Rajeev K. Varshney 《Plant Breeding》2019,138(4):445-454
In the past five decades, constant research has been directed towards yield improvement in pigeonpea resulting in the deployment of several commercially acceptable cultivars in India. Though, the genesis of hybrid technology, the biggest breakthrough, enigma of stagnant productivity still remains unsolved. To sort this productivity disparity, genomic research along with conventional breeding was successfully initiated at ICRISAT. It endowed ample genomic resource providing insight in the pigeonpea genome combating production constraints in a precise and speedy manner. The availability of the draft genome sequence with a large‐scale marker resource, oriented the research towards trait mapping for flowering time, determinacy, fertility restoration, yield attributing traits and photo‐insensitivity. Defined core and mini‐core collection, still eased the pigeonpea breeding being accessible for existing genetic diversity and developing stress resistance. Modern genomic tools like next‐generation sequencing, genome‐wide selection helping in the appraisal of selection efficiency is leading towards next‐generation breeding, an awaited milestone in pigeonpea genetic enhancement. This paper emphasizes the ongoing genetic improvement in pigeonpea with an amalgam of conventional breeding as well as genomic research. 相似文献
8.
Wenxin Liu Tobias Würschum Hans P. Maurer Friedrich H. Longin Nicolas Ranc Hans P. Piepho Jochen C. Reif 《Plant Breeding》2013,132(1):99-106
Genomic selection (GS) is a promising alternative to marker‐assisted selection particularly for quantitative traits. In this study, we examined the prediction accuracy of genomic breeding values by using ridge regression best linear unbiased prediction in combination with fivefold cross‐validation based on empirical data of a commercial maize breeding programme. The empirical data is composed of 930 testcross progenies derived from 11 segregating families evaluated at six environments for grain yield and grain moisture. Accuracy to predict genomic breeding values was affected by the choice of the shrinkage parameter λ2, by unbalanced family size, by size of the training population and to a lower extent by the number of markers. Accuracy of genomic breeding values was high suggesting that the selection gain can be improved implementing GS in elite maize breeding programmes. 相似文献
9.
Genomic prediction of the general combining ability of maize lines (Zea mays L.) and the performance of their single crosses 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Marcelina Vélez‐Torres José Jesús García‐Zavala Martha Hernández‐Rodríguez Ricardo Lobato‐Ortiz José Jesús López‐Reynoso Ignacio Benítez‐Riquelme José Apolinar Mejía‐Contreras Gilberto Esquivel‐Esquivel Paulino Pérez‐Rodríguez Xuecai Zhang 《Plant Breeding》2018,137(3):379-387
The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of genomic selection (GS) on predicting the general combining ability (GCA) of maize lines and the performance of their single crosses. Eight maize lines developed from the different self‐pollination generations of Chalqueño race, along with their 24 single crosses, were evaluated in the field during the years of 2011, 2012 and 2013. Genomic prediction results using genotyping‐by‐sequencing‐based single nucleotide polymorphisms showed that the GCA classification of the parental lines estimated from the SNP information was consistent with the phenotypic classification of the lines evaluated from the field trial data. The prediction accuracy values estimated from the cross‐validation method ranged from 0.49 to 0.61 in the different prediction models. Yield performance of the unevaluated single crosses was predicted based on their SNP information. The total genetic variance of the yield of the single crosses was most explained by the GCA effects. Compared with phenotyping method, GS is a more effective and efficient approach to predict the GCA of maize lines and their hybrid performance. 相似文献
10.
Tobias Würschum Hans Peter Maurer Sigrid Weissmann Volker Hahn Willmar L. Leiser 《Plant Breeding》2017,136(2):230-236
Genomic prediction has emerged as a powerful genomic tool to assist breeding of complex traits. In this study, we employed a population of 647 triticale doubled haploid lines derived from four families to assess the potential of this approach for triticale breeding. All lines were phenotyped for grain yield, thousand‐kernel weight, biomass yield, plant height, frost tolerance and Fusarium head blight resistance. The obtained prediction accuracies were moderate to high and consisted to varying degrees of within‐ and among‐family variance, in line with the different degrees of phenotypic differences between family means. The prediction accuracy within individual families also varied with the genetic complexity of the traits and was generally highest based on effect estimation with lines from the respective family, whereas the prediction accuracy decreased with decreasing relatedness among the families. Taken together, our results illustrate the potential of genomic prediction to increase selection gain in triticale breeding, but the composition of the training set is of utmost importance, and consequently, the implementation of this approach in applied breeding programmes is not straightforward. 相似文献
11.
Johannes Trini Hans Peter Maurer Sigrid Weissmann Tobias Würschum 《Plant Breeding》2020,139(5):906-915
Accurate hybrid prediction and knowledge about the relative contribution of general (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) are of utmost importance for efficient hybrid breeding. We therefore evaluated 91 triticale single-cross hybrids in field trials at seven environments for plant height, heading time, fresh biomass, dry matter content and dry biomass. Fresh and dry biomass showed the highest proportion (23%) of variance due to SCA. Prediction accuracies based on GCA were slightly higher than based on mid-parent values. Utilizing parental kinship information yielded the highest prediction accuracies when both parental lines have been tested in other hybrid combinations, but still moderate-to-low prediction accuracies for two untested parents. Thus, hybrid prediction for biomass traits in triticale is currently promising based on mid-parent values as emphasized by our simulation study, but can be expected to shift to GCA-based prediction with an increasing importance of GCA due to selection in hybrid breeding. Moreover, the performance of potential hybrids between newly developed lines can be predicted with moderate accuracy using genomic relationship information. 相似文献
12.
Introgression libraries can be used to localize genomic regions carrying quantitative trait loci (QTL). We used this approach to detect QTL regions affecting the per se performance of agronomic and quality traits with two rye (Secale cereale L.) introgression libraries. Our objectives were to detect candidate introgression lines (pre‐ILs) that have a different per se performance than the recurrent parent and to identify the underlying QTL regions. The introgression libraries containing 40 BC2S3 lines each were established with marker‐assisted backcrossing from crosses of the heterozygous Iranian primitive rye accession Altevogt 14160 and the elite inbred line L2053‐N. To assess the phenotypic effect of the donor chromosome segments (DCS) the pre‐ILs were evaluated for grain yield, plant height, thousand‐kernel weight, test weight, falling number and protein content in replicated field trials at five locations in Germany over 2 years. In total, 58 significant (P < 0.05) differences between pre‐ILs and L2053‐N were observed in each introgression library. The DCS in pre‐ILs differing from the recurrent parent possess most likely the responsible QTL. Genomic regions carrying favourable QTL alleles were detected for test weight, thousand‐kernel weight and protein content. We conclude that Altevogt 14160 can not only be used to enrich the genetic variation of the restricted hybrid rye gene pools but will also allow the breeder to efficiently detect favourable QTL for marker‐assisted selection. 相似文献
13.
To meet the challenges of climate change, exploring natural diversity in the existing plant genetic resource pool as well as creation of new mutants through chemical mutagenesis and molecular biology is needed for developing climate‐resilient elite genotypes. Ever‐increasing area under existing abiotic stresses as well as emerging abiotic stress factors and their combinations have further added to the problems of the current crop improvement programmes. However, with the advancement in modern techniques such as next‐generation sequencing technologies, it is now possible to generate on a whole‐genome scale, genomic resources for crop species at a much faster pace with considerably less efforts and money. The genomic resources thus generated will be useful for various plant breeding applications such as marker‐assisted breeding for gene introgression, mapping QTLs or identifying new or rare alleles associated with a particular trait. In this article, we discuss various aspects of generation of genomic resources and their utilization for developing abiotic stress‐tolerant crops to ensure sustainable agricultural production and food security in the backdrop of rapid climate change. 相似文献
14.
Hanna Haikka Timo Knürr Outi Manninen Leena Pietilä Mika Isolahti Esa Teperi Esa A. Mäntysaari Ismo Strandén 《Plant Breeding》2020,139(3):550-561
Genomic selection has been adopted in many plant breeding programmes. In this paper, we cover some aspects of information necessary before starting genomic selection. Spring oat and barley breeding data sets from commercial breeding programmes were studied using single, multitrait and trait-assisted models for predicting grain yield. Heritabilities were higher when estimated using multitrait models compared to single-trait models. However, no corresponding increase in prediction accuracy was observed in a cross-validation scenario. On the other hand, forward prediction showed a slight, but not significant, increase in accuracy of genomic estimated breeding values for breeding cohorts when a multitrait model was applied. When a correlated trait was used in a trait-assisted model, on average the accuracies increased by 9%–14% for oat and by 11%–28% for barley compared with a single-trait model. Overall, accuracies in forward validation varied between breeding cohorts and years for grain yield. Forward prediction accuracies for multiple cohorts and multiple years’ data are reported for oat for the first time. 相似文献
15.
Development of interspecific somatic hybrid cell lines in cultivated jute and their early characterization using jute chloroplast RFLP marker 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A strong sexual incompatibility barrier that exists between the two cultivated jute species, Corchorus capsularis and Corchorus olitorius, limits the scope for improvement through genetic introgression. Protoplast fusion was carried out to generate interspecific hybrid cell lines. Cotyledonary cell protoplasts of C. capsularis and anthocyaninpigmented hypocotyl protoplasts of C. olitorius were used in the fusion experiments, which appeared to be visually useful in the early selection of the fused products. A chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) marker was developed in jute, which showed species‐specific hybridization patterns with EcoRI‐digested total genomic DNA of C. capsularis and C. olitorius. This cpDNA marker was used in the characterization of the somatic hybrid cell lines at their early stages of growth. Evidence for the presence of both types of cpDNA in the hybrid cell lines was obtained when the total genomic DNA of 4‐ to 7‐month‐old hybrid cell lines was challenged with the chloroplast DNA marker through Southern analysis. It was shown that the early segregation of the parental chloroplasts did not occur in jute, although this is common in other plant species. The hybrid nature of the fused cell lines could also be identified through peroxidase isozyme analysis. Isozyme banding patterns were complex and varied among the hybrid cell lines. 相似文献
16.
百粒重是大豆产量的重要构成因子,在一定条件下与产量呈显著正相关。百粒重是一个复杂的数量性状,用传统的育种方法其遗传增益不明显。本研究对280份大豆品种多年多点田间鉴定,通过混合线性模型预测获得品种百粒重的最佳线性无偏预测值。同时利用分布在大豆全基因组的5361个SNP标记鉴定参试品种基因型,结合随机回归最佳线性无偏预测模型和交互验证方法,探讨了群体构成方式对大豆百粒重的全基因组选择预测准确度的影响。结果表明,大豆百粒重的全基因组选择预测准确度变化范围为–0.15~ +0.75;群体构成方式对百粒重的预测准确度影响明显;亚群内的预测准确度(0.24~0.75)高于亚群间(?0.15~ +0.29);当群体间遗传距离由0.1566增加到0.2201时,预测准确度下降27.87%;相比随机构建的训练群体,基于群体遗传结构构建的训练群体能将百粒重的预测准确度提高2.34%。本研究明确了大豆百粒重的全基因组选择预测准确度,阐明了群体结构对大豆百粒重的全基因组选择预测准确度的影响,为大豆分子育种提供了新的思路和方法。 相似文献
17.
以5个高粱不育系材料为母本, 18个优质苏丹草材料为父本, 按照遗传交配设计(NCII)配制成90个杂交组合。分别在内蒙呼市和包头两地, 利用与高丹草产量相关的QTL位点标记检测亲本间的遗传差异, 并将F1的8个性状表型值对亲本材料进行标记位点的筛选, 建立标记效应和标记型值估算体系。估算特异性位点对性状表现的效应及杂种标记型值, 进而分析杂种标记型值与杂种表现的相关性, 应用逐步回归分析法建立8个性状杂种表现的预测模型, 并通过Jackknife抽样技术检测模型的精确度和稳定性。结果显示, 在分别考虑显性、加性作用下8个性状的标记型值与表型值的相关系数平均为0.65, 各性状的可决系数较大(0.51~0.88), 而且两地结果趋势一致, 表明该预测模型稳定性强, 精确度较高。该模型对高丹草的杂种表现预测以及亲本选配都具有一定的指导意义。 相似文献
18.
Wallace A. Cowling 《Plant Breeding》2013,132(1):1-9
Plant breeders disrupt Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium through selection, non‐random mating, drift, migration and mutation. Sustainable plant breeding can be defined as productive and competitive breeding that is achieved without loss of genetic diversity in the elite breeding population during the professional career of the breeder. Breeding is often productive but not sustainable. From 1974 to 2000, the animal breeding programme Meatlinc in the United Kingdom had effective population size of 95, population inbreeding of 0.19% per year and generation interval of 2.15 years. Genetic progress in Meatlinc tripled in the 8 years following introduction of best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) selection (based on the information from relatives) in 1992. Canola breeding in Australia from 1970 to 2000 had longer generation interval (6 years), smaller effective population size (<11) and higher rates of inbreeding (>0.7% per year). BLUP selection in canola was first reported in 2010. Neither programme replaced genetic diversity lost through selection and drift. Most breeding programmes violate conditions of the infinitesimal model, thereby reducing predictability of selection, but breeders can minimize these limitations to sustainable plant breeding. 相似文献
19.
Pooran M. Gaur Srinivasan Samineni Mahendar Thudi Shailesh Tripathi Sobhan B. Sajja Veera Jayalakshmi Durdundappa M. Mannur Adiveppa G. Vijayakumar Nadigatla V. P. R. Ganga Rao Chris Ojiewo Asnake Fikre Paul Kimurto Robert O. Kileo Nigusie Girma Sushil K. Chaturvedi Rajeev K. Varshney Girish P. Dixit 《Plant Breeding》2019,138(4):389-400
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is a dry season food legume largely grown on residual soil moisture after the rainy season. The crop often experiences moisture stress towards end of the crop season (terminal drought). The crop may also face heat stress at the reproductive stage if sowing is delayed. The breeding approaches for improving adaptation to these stresses include the development of varieties with early maturity and enhanced abiotic stress tolerance. Several varieties with improved drought tolerance have been developed by selecting for grain yield under moisture stress conditions. Similarly, selection for pod set in the crop subjected to heat stress during reproductive stage has helped in the development of heat‐tolerant varieties. A genomic region, called QTL‐hotspot, controlling several drought tolerance‐related traits has been introgressed into several popular cultivars using marker‐assisted backcrossing (MABC), and introgression lines giving significantly higher yield than the popular cultivars have been identified. Multiparent advanced generation intercross (MAGIC) approach has been found promising in enhancing genetic recombination and developing lines with enhanced tolerance to terminal drought and heat stresses. 相似文献
20.
Theivanayagam Maharajan Stanislaus Antony Ceasar Thumadath Palayullaparambil Ajeesh krishna Muthusamy Ramakrishnan Veeramuthu Duraipandiyan Al‐Dhabi Naif Abdulla Savarimuthu Ignacimuthu 《Plant Breeding》2018,137(1):10-26
Phosphorus (P) is the second most growth limiting macronutrient after nitrogen and plays several important roles in all organisms including plants. In soil, P is available in both organic and inorganic forms. P deficiency reduces the growth and yield of several crop plants. Plants respond to P deficiency by the phenotypic changes especially by the modification of root architecture. Molecular marker‐assisted breeding (MAB) has been proposed as an important tool to identify and develop improved varieties of crop plants with efficient P‐use efficiency (PUE). Identification of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for traits related to PUE has been considered as the first step in marker‐assisted selection (MAS) and improvement of crop yield programmes. In this review, we describe in detail on architectural changes of roots under P deficiency that are reported in various crops and discuss the efforts made to improve PUE using molecular marker tools. Details on QTLs identified for low P‐stress tolerance in various crop plants are presented. These QTLs can be used to improve PUE in crop plants through MAS and breeding, which may be beneficial to improve the yields under P‐deficient soil. Development of new and improved varieties using MAB will limit the use of non‐renewable fertilizers and improve PUE of key crop plants in low input agriculture. 相似文献