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奶牛乳腺炎的细菌学研究 总被引：8，自引：3，他引：5
在对山东7个地区14个奶牛场临床型和隐性乳腺炎调查的基础上采集234头临床乳腺炎病牛乳样、241个隐性乳腺炎乳样并分别做了细菌学检查,结果表明：泌乳期临床型乳腺炎病原菌以凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、链球菌、酵母茼和棒状杆菌为主;干奶期临床型乳腺炎病原菌以大肠杆菌、链球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌和酵母茼为主;隐性乳腺炎病原菌以凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌链球菌、酵母菌、假单胞菌和棒状杆菌为主;厌氧菌在隐性乳腺炎、干奶期乳腺炎和干奶期乳腺炎乳样的检出率分别为5．82％,4．17％,10．16％;隐性乳腺炎、干奶期乳腺炎细菌的共感染率较高,与泌乳期乳腺炎病原菌的差异极显著（P〈0．01）,隐性乳腺炎与干奶期乳腺炎病原菌共感染率差异不显著（P〉0．05）。 相似文献
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对从内蒙古呼和浩特地区10个不同规模奶牛场采集的有临床症状并且为最近10d未用抗生素药物治疗过的30份乳房炎奶样进行了病原菌的分离鉴定.共分离出11种细菌,经鉴定,主要致病菌有金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、乳房链球菌、停乳链球菌、无乳链球菌、棒状杆菌、大肠杆菌、变形杆菌、酵母菌、白色念珠菌和曲霉菌.其中,金黄色葡萄球菌的分离率最高,达22/30;表皮葡萄球菌和链球菌的分离率相近,都相对较高,分别为19,30和17/30;肠道菌和棒状杆菌的分离率相等,都是10/30;真菌的分离率为7/30. 相似文献
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奶牛隐性乳腺炎病原菌的分离鉴定和体细胞数及酶的相关性研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
对330个乳样分别用加州乳腺炎检验（California Mastitis Test，CMT），体细胞计数（Somatic Cell Count，SCC）和细菌的分离培养（Isolation of bacteria）法进行隐性乳腺炎的检测，结果表明3种方法检测的结果差异不显著（P〉0．05）；对检测患有隐性乳腺炎的241乳区进行了细菌的分离培养，结果表明引起隐性乳腺炎的最主要致病菌为金黄色葡萄球菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、链球菌、酵母菌、假单胞菌和棒状杆菌、其它细菌的检出率差异根显著（P〈0．05）。对分离出优势细菌的部分乳样进行了SCC与LDH，NAGase，ALP和ACP几种酶的测定和相关性分析，结果表明：LDH与SCC有显著的相关性（r=0．7936），并且LDH与NAGase，ALP，ACP都有明显的相关性；NAGase与ACP，LDH有明显的相关性，但与ALP没有相关性；ALP只与ACP和LDH有显著的相关性外，与SCC，NAGase没有相关性；ACP与SCC，LDH，NAGase，ALP都有极显著的相关性。 相似文献
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上海地区奶牛乳房炎主要病原菌的分离鉴定及耐药性分析 总被引：12，自引：1，他引：11
为了获得上海地区奶牛乳房炎病原菌及其药物敏感性的系统资料并为指导临床合理用药和提高奶牛乳房炎防治效果提供理论依据,本研究对在上海郊区4个奶牛场采集的临床型和隐性乳房炎患牛的126份奶样进行细菌培养、分离鉴定和药敏试验.共分离到萄葡球菌,无乳链球菌,大肠杆菌3种主要病原菌107株,其中金黄色葡萄球菌74株,占分离菌株的69.16%;无乳链球菌27株,占分离菌株的25.23%;病原菌单独感染率为48.78%,其中金黄色葡萄球菌的单独感染率达39.02%;病原菌混合感染率占51.22%,多为金黄色葡萄球菌和无乳链球菌混合感染.主要病原菌对头孢拉定、环丙沙星、庆大霉素敏感,对大多数抗菌素产生了不同程度的耐药性,对氨苄青霉素产生了完全耐药性. 相似文献
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对330个乳样分别用加州乳腺炎检验(California Mastitis Test,CMT),体细胞计数(Somatic Cell Count,SCC)和细菌的分离培养(Isolation of bacteria)法进行隐性乳腺炎的检测,结果表明3种方法检测的结果差异不显著(P>0.05);对检测患有隐性乳腺炎的241乳区进行了细菌的分离培养,结果表明引起隐性乳腺炎的最主要致病菌为金黄色葡萄球菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、链球菌、酵母菌、假单胞菌和棒状杆菌、其它细菌的检出率差异根显著(P<0.05)。对分离出优势细菌的部分乳样进行了SCC与LDH,NAGase,ALP和ACP几种酶的测定和相关性分析,结果表明:LDH与SCC有显著的相关性(r=0.7936),并且LDH与NA-Gase,ALP,ACP都有明显的相关性;NAGase与ACP,LDH有明显的相关性,但与ALP没有相关性;ALP只与ACP和LDH有显著的相关性外,与SCC,NAGase没有相关性;ACP与SCC,LDH,NAGase,ALP都有极显著的相关性。 相似文献
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乳房炎是奶牛最常见的疾病,随着奶牛产业的蓬勃发展,乳房炎已经成为制约该产业的瓶颈之一。从甘肃省武威市凉州区5个奶牛养殖场采集了1 000头荷斯坦奶牛共计3 991份奶样,对临床型和非临床型(隐性)乳房炎分别通过临床症状和兰州隐性乳房炎诊断液(LMT)进行诊断。结果显示:该地区奶牛临床型乳房炎发病率18.20%,亚临床型乳房炎发病率36.50%,总阳性率54.70%,总阳性乳区率54.72%。从阳性奶样中分离纯化得到的主要病原菌为链球菌属、金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌,且在不同类型乳房炎中的分布情况不同,临床型中链球菌属最多(54.37%),亚临床型中金黄色葡萄球菌最多(48.56%)。对主要病原菌进行药敏试验,结果表明治疗凉州区奶牛乳房炎的最佳药物应为喹诺酮类和庆大霉素类。 相似文献
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This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of coagulase-negative staphylococci in clinical and subclinical mastitis in commercial and small-scale farms in Zimbabwe. Thirty five quarter milk samples from clinical mastitis cases and 371 quarter milk samples from cows with subclinical mastitis were cultured for bacterial pathogens. The most frequent pathogens isolated in clinical mastitis were the enteric bacteria (31.4%), followed by coagulase negative staphylococci (22.9%) and then Staphylococcus aureus (17.1%), whereas in subclinical mastitis S. aureus (34.2%) and coagulase-negative staphylococci were (33.2%) the most common. Bacillus species were only isolated in milk samples from subclinical mastitis. Coagulase-negative staphylococci were observed in mixed infections with other bacteria in only 2.2 of the 406 milk samples from clinical and subclinical mastitis where they were isolated together with Bacillus species in 6 of the 9 mixed infection cases. About 95% of the milk samples from which 131 coagulase-negative staphylococci were isolated had correspondingly high somatic cell counts. The coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated most frequently were S. chromogenes (7.9%), S. epidermidis (7.4%) and S. hominis (5.9%). They were all associated with high somatic cell counts. All the coagulase-negative staphylococci isolates were susceptible to cloxacillin and erythromycin, and more than 90% of the isolates were susceptible to neomycin, penicillin and streptomycin. The highest resistance was to tetracycline (17.6%), followed by lincomycin (13.7%). About 8% of the isolates were resistant to both penicillin and streptomycin. 相似文献
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奶牛乳房炎类型与病原菌感染之间相关性的研究 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
通过对 2 858份不同类型乳房炎奶样的细菌学检验 ,结果分得细菌共 2 4种 31 38株 ,其中分离鉴定出与乳房炎有密切关系的病原菌 1 2种 1 96 8株 ,病原菌检出率为 6 2 .72 %,各种类型乳房炎常见病原菌的区系分布总的趋势是一致的 ,绝大部分是以无乳链球菌为主 ,其次是停乳链球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和乳房链球菌等。但不同类型之间、同一类型不同等级之间及隐性乳房炎泌乳期和干奶前之间奶样的细菌分布和细菌种类有所不同。乳房炎的轻重与病原菌检出率呈正相关。奶牛乳房即使在健康的状态下也存在着带菌现象 相似文献
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Gao Guisheng Wu Tonglei Zhang Zhiqiang Yang Zongze Fu Zhixin Zou Fengping Gao Guangping An Jiwei Yao Weiping Shi Qiumei 《畜牧与饲料科学》2018,(1)
In this study, the milk samples of 1 021 cows in eight dairy farms in Eastern Hebei Province were collected and detected with LMT reagent and somatic cell count for subclinical mastitis. Pathogenic bacteria in subclinical mastitis positive milk samples were isolated and identified.The results showed that 60.63%(619/1 021) of the sampled cows were diagnosed with subclinical mastitis, and mixed infections accounted for 88.21%(546/619) of the cases. In addition, 82 strains of 14 species were isolated from the subclinical mastitis positive milk samples, including 36 strains of Staphylococcus(43.90%), 33 strains of Streptococcus(40.24%), 8 strains of Enterobacteriaceae(9.76%) and 5 strains of Corynebacterium(6.10%), respectively. The results proved that Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae are the main pathogenic bacteria causing bovine subclinical mastitis in Eastern Hebei Province. 相似文献
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"乳康2号"对奶牛细菌性乳房炎的疗效研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
用＂乳康2号＂治疗临床型乳房炎奶牛37头。结果表明,治愈28头,有效6头,无效3头,总有效率为91.89%,平均治疗时间4.7d。对采集的37头奶牛治疗前的42个乳区奶样,进行细菌学检查,有33个乳区检出与乳房炎有关的病原菌,占78.57%。检出病原菌5种,主要为无乳链球菌、停乳链球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、乳房链球菌和大肠埃希菌。停药后采集33个乳区奶样,结果有14个乳区细菌转阴,细菌转阴率为42.42%。在转阴的病原菌中,大肠埃希菌转阴率最高（100%）,其次是混合感染（60.00%）和乳房链球菌（50.00%）。 相似文献
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Ylva Persson Ann-Kristin J Nyman Ulrika Gr?nlund-Andersson 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2011,53(1):36
Background
A nationwide survey on the microbial etiology of cases of subclinical mastitis in dairy cows was carried out on dairy farms in Sweden. The aim was to investigate the microbial panorama and the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance. Moreover, differences between newly infected cows and chronically infected cows were investigated.Methods
In total, 583 quarter milk samples were collected from 583 dairy cows at 226 dairy farms from February 2008 to February 2009. The quarter milk samples were bacteriological investigated and scored using the California Mastitis Test. Staphylococci were tested for betalactamase production and presence of resistance was evaluated in all specific udder pathogens. Differences between newly infected cows and chronically infected cows were statistically investigated using logistic regression analysis.Results
The most common isolates of 590 bacteriological diagnoses were Staphylococcus (S) aureus (19%) and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS; 16%) followed by Streptococcus (Str) dysgalactiae (9%), Str. uberis (8%), Escherichia (E.) coli (2.9%), and Streptococcus spp. (1.9%). Samples with no growth or contamination constituted 22% and 18% of the diagnoses, respectively. The distribution of the most commonly isolated bacteria considering only bacteriological positive samples were: S. aureus - 31%, CNS - 27%, Str. dysgalactiae - 15%, Str. uberis - 14%, E. coli - 4.8%, and Streptococcus spp. - 3.1%. There was an increased risk of finding S. aureus, Str. uberis or Str. dysgalactiae in milk samples from chronically infected cows compared to findings in milk samples from newly infected cows. Four percent of the S. aureus isolates and 35% of the CNS isolates were resistant to penicillin G. Overall, resistance to other antimicrobials than penicillin G was uncommon.Conclusions
Staphylococcus aureus and CNS were the most frequently isolated pathogens and resistance to antimicrobials was rare. 相似文献18.
奶牛隐性乳房炎的病原检测与小白鼠致病性研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
本研究以新疆乌鲁木齐地区的2个奶牛场隐性乳房炎患牛为试验对象,共分离鉴定出21种91株引起奶牛乳房炎的主要病原菌,其中葡萄球菌28株（30.78%）,链球菌21株（23.07%）,杆菌25株（27.48%）,其他细菌17株（18.67%）。对主要病原菌通过动物试验确定致病力较强的菌为金黄色葡萄球菌、克雷伯氏菌和大肠杆菌。同时对17大类主要病原菌共30种药物的药敏试验结果表明,在奶牛隐性乳房炎中应用较多的青霉素、四环素等抗生素对常见致病菌几乎无效,而左氧氟沙星、呋喃妥因、头孢噻肟、阿米卡星则显示出较好的抑菌作用。 相似文献
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A survey of clinical and subclinical mastitis was carried out on 97 dairy farms in England and Wales, selected at random from members of a national milk recording scheme. The farmers were asked to collect aseptic milk samples from five consecutive cases of clinical mastitis and from five quarters with high somatic cell counts using a defined protocol, and they completed a questionnaire that included information on the cows sampled, the herd and the history of mastitis in the herd. The samples were collected throughout the year. The mean incidence of clinical mastitis was 47 cases per 100 cows per year (estimated from historic farm records) and 71 cases per 100 cows per year (estimated from the samples collected). Streptococcus uberis and Escherichia coli were isolated in pure culture from 23.5 per cent and 19.8 per cent, respectively, of the clinical samples; 26.5 per cent of the clinical samples produced no growth. The most common isolates from the samples with high cell counts were coagulase-negative staphylococci (15 per cent), S uberis (14 per cent) and Corynebacterium species (10 per cent). Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-positive staphylococci together accounted for 10 per cent of the samples with high somatic cell counts; 39 per cent produced no bacterial growth. 相似文献
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新疆克拉玛依地区奶牛隐性乳房炎病原菌的分离鉴定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用兰州乳房炎检测试剂(Lanzhou mastitis test,LMT)对克拉玛依规模化奶牛场进行了奶牛隐性乳房炎流行病学调查。结果显示,该地区奶牛隐性乳房炎的发病率为70.43%(543/771)。对543份阳性牛乳样品进行了病原菌的分离鉴定,结果发现,阳性乳样品中细菌分离率达89.13%(484/543),葡萄球菌、链球菌、肠杆菌和棒状杆菌为主要致病菌,且多为几种致病菌的混合感染。 相似文献