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金丝桃素的提取纯化工艺研究 总被引：8，自引：4，他引：4
用乙醇从贯叶连翘中提取金丝桃素并对其进行纯化,考察了金丝桃素的工艺流程.用乙醚作为除杂剂,用乙醇热浸贯叶连翘,后浓缩浸提液为浸膏;用热水溶解浸膏,乙酸乙酯萃取,浓缩萃取液为浸膏(粗提物).然后再用乙醇溶解,利用树脂柱层析分离纯化金丝桃素,减压浓缩洗脫液,干燥,即得金丝桃素产品.经HPLC测定,结果表明:该产品中金丝桃素的含量高达1.2% ;该工艺不但有效改善了金丝桃素产品易吸湿、易发粘的缺点,而且具有操作简单,经济易行的特点. 相似文献
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该试验旨在研究芩芍颗粒对恩诺沙星致雏鸡胃肠功能异常及其血清D-木糖含量和乙酰胆碱酯酶活力的影响.选择1日龄健康荣昌本地鸡,灌服恩诺沙星后,用不同剂量芩芍颗粒对其进行调理,然后测其血清乙酰胆碱酯酶活力,再灌服D-木糖,5d后检测血清D-木糖含量.结果显示,雏鸡灌服2 g/kg体重的恩诺沙星可溶性粉1周,分别饲喂2.5 g/kg、5 g/kg、7.5 g/kg体重剂量的芩芍颗粒后,生长性能得到明显改善,血清D-木糖含量增加和乙酰胆碱酯酶活力提高,与恩诺沙星组相比,P＜0.01;剂量为5 g/kg、7.5 g/kg体重的调理效果优于2.5 g/kg体重,P＜0.05.表明芩芍颗粒能有效调理由恩诺沙星引起的胃肠功能障碍,提高雏鸡的生长性能. 相似文献
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以贯叶连翘粗提浸膏为材料,考察六种大孔吸附树脂分离纯化金丝桃素的性能。采用静态、动态吸附方法筛选树脂,以中压分离方法确定分离纯化的条件。结果表明:HZ-801树脂以其高吸附率、高洗脱率成为优选的分离填料,其最佳分离纯化条件为:进样液质量浓度为0.1125 g/m L,进样速度为5.0 m L/min、洗脱速度为20 m L/min,0~95%乙醇溶液梯度洗脱,金丝桃素的纯度为79.11%。HZ-801可以较好分离纯化金丝桃素,纯化工艺具有较大实践性及参考价值。 相似文献
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《养殖技术顾问》2006,(11):25-25
药物名称单位用法剂量主要作用与用途复方新诺明g口服或拌料20.0￣25.0mg/kg体重治疗狐脑膜炎土霉素g拌料0.01%治疗狐呼吸道疾病,消化道疾病硫酸新霉素mg口服或拌料10.0￣25.0mg/kg体重治疗狐大肠杆菌病氧氟沙星mg肌肉注射2.5￣5.0mg/kg体重治疗狐急、慢性呼吸道疾病,顽固性腹泻灰黄霉素mg口服20.0mg/kg体重治疗狐皮肤毛癣,甲、爪癣鞣酸蛋白g口服0.5￣1.0g/只治疗狐急性肠炎,非细菌性腹泻黄体酮mg肌肉注射2.2￣4.4mg/kg体重治疗狐先兆性流产,习惯性流产氯丙嗪mg口服0.6￣1.0mg/kg体重治疗狐自咬症扑热息痛g口服0.1￣1.0g/次用于解热、镇痛狐… 相似文献
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试验旨在考察甜叶菊对肌胃糜烂病症雏鸡肌胃的解毒效果。选取8只4日龄雏鸡分成3组。肌胃糜烂素组雏鸡每天饲喂10 mg/kg肌胃糜烂素，甜叶菊+肌胃糜烂素组雏鸡每天饲喂10 mg/kg肌胃糜烂素+2 000 mg/kg甜叶菊提取物，空白对照组雏鸡正常饲喂基础日粮。试验期7 d。结果表明：肌胃糜烂素组雏鸡体重增长速度较慢，并有死亡现象，甜叶菊+肌胃糜烂素组雏鸡体重增长速度优于肌胃糜烂素组。肌胃糜烂素组雏鸡腺胃肿大，有红色斑点，肝脏颜色变浅且易碎，胃液增多，pH值降至2.3，胃黏膜糜烂。甜叶菊+肌胃糜烂素组雏鸡的腺胃糜烂程度比肌胃糜烂素组有所减轻，平均胃液量相比空白对照组增加了53.3μL，比肌胃糜烂素组降低了43.3μL；而胃液pH值相比空白对照组降低了0.6，比肌胃糜烂素组增加了0.7。甜叶菊+肌胃糜烂素组雏鸡胃蛋白酶活性、肌胃糜烂素含量均低于肌胃糜烂素组。研究表明，肌胃糜烂素对雏鸡生长具有抑制作用，促使雏鸡肌胃出现糜烂，而甜叶菊对雏鸡的肌胃糜烂病症具有一定的解毒效果。 相似文献
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Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
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Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
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Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
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Tropical Animal Health and Production - 相似文献
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Waruiru RM Thamsborg SM Nansen P Kyvsgaard NC Bogh HO Munyua WK Gathuma JM 《Tropical animal health and production》2001,33(3):173-187
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round. 相似文献
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The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host. 相似文献
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H Hayashi T Yoshimura J Y Chen 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1985,8(2):73-87
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed. 相似文献
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Evaluation of biohydrogenation rate of canola vs. soya bean seeds as unsaturated fatty acids sources for ruminants in situ 
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下载免费PDF全文 S. Pashaei T. Ghoorchi A. Yamchi 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(2):211-216
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed. 相似文献
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Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb
albumin
- ALT
alanine aminotransferase
- AST
aspartate aminotransferase
- BUN
blood urea nitrogen
- Chol
cholesterol
- Glob
globulin
- -GT
-glutamyl transpeptidase
- IP
inorganic phosphorus
- TP
total protein 相似文献