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1.
初产母猪断乳至发情的激素水平   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
３头瘦肉型杂交一代初产母猪,于产后２８～３０ｄ实行分段断乳。从断乳前１ｄ至断乳后发情日,多次采血,测定其血浆中黄体生成素（ＬＨ）、雌二醇（Ｅ２）、孕酮（Ｐ４）的水平。结果表明,（１）３种激素断乳前均处于低水平;（２）断乳后Ｅ２和ＬＨ先后增高,而Ｐ４直到发情后才升高,ＬＨ水平升高是预示母猪断乳后将要发情的一个指征;（３）泌乳期失重较多的母猪,其Ｅ２、ＬＨ水平的升高时间推迟,进而发情也推迟。  相似文献   

2.
本研究探讨了ＬＲＨ－Ａ３诱导初情期前北京黑猪发情排卵的效果及其内分泌机理。对６头１５０日龄母猪肌注ＬＲＨ－Ａ３，７５μｇ／头。在注射后０，１，２，３和４ｈ及注射后１，２，３和４ｄ采血测定ＬＨ、ＦＳＨ、Ｅ２和Ｐ４浓度。注射后１０ｄ取卵巢，根据卵巢上黄体数计算排卵率。结果表明：注射ＬＲＨ－Ａ３后，出现排卵和卵巢囊肿的母猪分别为４头（６６．７％）和２头（３３．７％）。４头排卵母猪中的３头和２头卵巢囊肿母猪中的１头有发情表现。排卵的母猪，分别在注射后１ｈ和３ｈ出现ＬＨ和ＦＳＨ峰；注射后２ｄＥ２浓度最高，３ｄ和４ｄＰ４浓度上升。发生卵巢囊肿的母猪，注射后１ｈ出现明显低于排卵母猪的ＬＨ峰，而ＦＳＨ浓度没有上升，Ｅ２和Ｐ４在３ｄ和４ｄ都增加。通过试验认为，初情期前母猪的卵巢对ＬＲＨ－Ａ３至少有两种反应，即排卵或卵巢囊肿。  相似文献   

3.
选用成年、健康毕格雌犬６只，雄犬３只，用雌酮、ＰＭＳＧ、ＨＣＧ诱导间情期犬发情、受胎。结果表明：６只雌犬中５只出现明显情征兆，发情率８３．３％；其中３只受胎，受胎率为６０％，平均产仔４．７只。毕格犬血浆睾丸酮水平间情期平均为０．８１±０．１６ｎｍｏｌ／Ｌ高于其他期。  相似文献   

4.
五头断乳后非情期母猪分别在断乳后第２天（４头）和第３６天（１头）肌注１，０００ＩＵｈＣＧ）Ｈ头猪都有单个或多个囊肿卵泡发生。４头母猪血浆Ｅ２在小范围内波动，表现安静发情．注射ｈＣＧ后既不发情也不排卵的母猪没有出现排卵前ＬＨ峰，血浆孕酮水平很低（＜１ｎｇ／ｍｌ）。结果表明用ｈＣＧ治疗母猪卵巢功能低下，将诱导异常的卵泡生长和ＬＨ释放，导致排卵障碍和卵巢囊肿。  相似文献   

5.
在鲁西黄牛母牛的发情周期和产后期（产犊至产后６０ｄ）收集颈静脉血样，用放射免疫分析法测定血浆孕酮（Ｐ４）水平。结果表明，母牛的发情周期平均为（２１．２±１．６）ｄ，发情当天（０ｄ）外周血浆孕酮水平为（０．５２±１．４）μｇ／Ｌ，在周期的９～１５ｄ，孕酮水平较高，其峰值为（４．６２±１．５６）μｇ／Ｌ（ｎ＝１５），在周期的约１８ｄ以后，孕酮水平迅速下降，至周期的２１ｄ降至发情开始时的水平；母牛产后１０．６～１３．６ｄ以后，外周血浆孕酮水平开始升高，出现黄体周期，约有一半的母牛产后第１个黄体周期为（８．４±０．５）ｄ，显著短于正常周期（２０．１±３．２）ｄ（Ｐ＜０．０１）；在短周期中，孕酮峰值为（１．５２±０．７１）μｇ／Ｌ，亦显著低于正常周期孕酮峰值（３．８４±１．２５）μｇ／Ｌ（Ｐ＜０．０５）。除短周期外，产后发情周期中的孕酮水平变化与通常的发情周期基本相同  相似文献   

6.
应用１２５Ｉ固相放射免疫分析法，对２２头鲁西母黄牛产后期血浆孕酮（Ｐ４）的变化作了测定，以监测黄牛产后卵巢机能。结果表明，产后（１３．６±４．４）ｄ以前，母牛血浆Ｐ４浓度仍处于基础水平〔（０．３４±０．０４）～（０．５５±０．０６）μｇ／Ｌ〕，随后，Ｐ４开始升高，出现卵巢活动。代表卵巢活动的Ｐ４曲线可分为４种类型：Ⅰ型，产后（１０．６±３．９）ｄ后，曲线呈现３个正常的黄体周期；Ⅱ型，产后（１３．６±４．４）ｄ后，首先出现１个８．５ｄ左右的短黄体周期，接着出现２个正常的黄体周期；Ⅲ型，于产后（１２．５±３．９）ｄ后，先出现１个正常的黄体周期，继之出现１个短黄体周期和１个正常黄体期；Ⅳ型，产后（１２．５±２．５）ｄ后，出现不规则的黄体周期中，最低Ｐ４水平为（０．４５±０．１５）～（０．６０±０．３８）μｇ／Ｌ，最高浓度为（２．６５±１．９５）～（４．１７±２．３５）μｇ／Ｌ。试验表明，每隔４ｄ测定１次血浆Ｐ４浓度，可准确地判定母牛的发情周期  相似文献   

7.
五头断乳后非情期母猪分别在断乳后第２天（４头）和第３６天（１头）肌注，１，０００ＩＵｈＵＧ）五头猪者有单个或多个囊肿卵泡发生，４头母猪血浆Ｅ２在小范围内波动，表现安静发情，注射ｈＣＧ后既不发情也不排卵的母猪没有出现排卵前ＬＨ峰，血浆孕酮水平银低（＜１ｎｇ／ｍｌ）。结果表明用ｈＣＧ治疗母猪卵巢功能低下，将诱导异常的卵泡生长和ＬＨ释放，导致排卵障碍和卵巢囊肿。  相似文献   

8.
将１２只摘除卵巢后６～７周的山羊随机分为４组，按２×２因子实验设计进行处理。实验因子为：（１）肌肉注射孕酮（Ｐ４）：第１～５ｄ每天１０ｍｇ；第６～１２ｄ每天２０ｍｇ。（２）肌肉注射雌二醇（Ｅ２）：第１３ｄ２０μｇ第１４ｄ４０μｇ。对照处理则注射相应体积的玉米油。在第１５ｄ上午，给实验羊安置后腔静脉导管。经颈静脉给每只山羊注射１０Ｕ催产素（ＯＴ）。在注射ＯＴ前后经导管采１２份血样：─３０，─１０，─５，０，２，５，１０，１５，２０，３０，４５和６０ｍｉｎ时采样。用ＲＩＡ方法测定每份血样中的前列腺素Ｆ２α（ＰＧＦ２α）水平。在注射ＯＴ之前和注射后的４５和６０ｍｉｎ，血浆ＰＧＦ２α处于基础水平，各组间的差异不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）。在注射ＯＴ后的２～３０ｍｉｎ，Ｐ４＋Ｅ２组的ＰＧＦ２α水平极显著地高于其他３组（Ｐ＜０．０１），其他３组之间的ＰＧＦ２α水平差异不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）。Ｅ２组在注射ＯＴ之后也有明显的ＰＧＦ２α分泌活动。结果表明，山羊经用Ｅ２或用Ｐ４和Ｅ２先后处理后，ＯＴ可以引起子宫分泌ＰＧＦ２α。  相似文献   

9.
绵羊同期发情   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
３２只绵羊经Ｐ４＋ＰＧ处理后，１～５ｄ、１０ｄ内的同期发情率分别为９２．００％（２９／３２），１００％（３２／３２）。５ｄ、１０ｄ内的同期发情率均显著地高于对照组的同期发情率（５０％和８０％）（Ｐ＜０．０５）。  相似文献   

10.
山羊黄体孕酮分泌的特点   总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7  
在山羊发情周期的第１０ｄ和第１７ｄ，分别给２只和１只山羊安置颈静脉导管和后腔静脉导管，以２０ｍｉｎ间隔连续采样２４ｈ。然后，将１只黄体中期羊卵巢摘除；给另１只黄体中期羊经静脉导管注射１５－甲基ＰＧＦ２ａ，每小时注射１次，每次２４０μｇ，连续７次。３只羊都继续采样。每次都同时采取颈静脉和后腔静脉血样，用ＲＩＡ法测定血浆孕酮（Ｐ４）水平。结果表明，山羊血浆Ｐ４水平没有昼夜节律；后腔静脉血浆Ｐ４水平有明显的波动，并高于颈静脉血浆Ｐ４水平（Ｐ＜０．０ｌ）；黄体溶解和卵巢摘除后，颈静脉和后腔静脉血浆的Ｐ４水平先后降到１ｎｇ／ｍＬ以下。由此证明，山羊Ｐ４是由黄体波动性地分泌的。  相似文献   

11.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

12.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

13.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

14.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

15.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

16.
Comparison of different tests to diagnose feline infectious peritonitis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
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17.
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed.  相似文献   

18.
Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb albumin - ALT alanine aminotransferase - AST aspartate aminotransferase - BUN blood urea nitrogen - Chol cholesterol - Glob globulin - -GT -glutamyl transpeptidase - IP inorganic phosphorus - TP total protein  相似文献   

19.
正We are pleased to publish the second special issue on avian brood parasitism and to be responsible guest editors for the two special issues of Chinese Birds (Vol. 3, No. 4, 2012 and Vol. 4, No. 1, 2013), entitled "Avian Brood Parasitism - A Growing Research Area in Behavioral Ecology". The first issue was published in December 2012. The goal of the two special issues is to publish accumulated knowledge and some of the recent developments in  相似文献   

20.
Tropical Animal Health and Production -  相似文献   

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