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运用生物素与链霉亲和素的强亲和性原理,用生物素-磁珠吸附微卫星富集法,筛选企鹅珍珠贝(Pteria penguin)的微卫星分子标记序列,进而对南海区企鹅珍珠贝的遗传多样性进行分析。对136个菌落中的85个阳性克隆进行微卫星测序,获得64个序列,达到85.93%。所得到的55个重复6次以上的微卫星序列中,除生物素探针中使用的CA重复外,还得到TG、TC、GA的重复序列。重复序列中完美型36个,占65.5%;不完美型14个,占25.5%;混合型5个,占9.1%。利用Primer Premier5.0设计引物40对,合成其中的20对并进行PCR筛选,15对可扩增出特异性条带。研究表明,筛选出的企鹅珍珠贝微卫星分子标记可用于进一步的遗传多样性分析。 相似文献
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磁珠富集法筛选西施舌微卫星序列 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用生物素-磁珠吸附微卫星富集法（FIASCO）筛选西施舌（Coelomactra antiquata）微卫星分子标记。结果获得含有重复次数不少于5次的微卫星序列38个,其中完美型占68.4%,非完美型26.3%,混合型5.3%。除探针中使用的CA和GA 2种重复外,还得到ATTG、CGTG和TGTTG的重复序列。微卫星重复次数主要集中在5～46次,最高为70次。利用这些微卫星序列设计了14对引物。该研究筛选出的微卫星标记为进一步研究西施舌的遗传多样性提供帮助。 相似文献
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云斑尖塘鳢微卫星分子标记的筛选与检测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用磁珠富集法分离云斑尖塘鳢的微卫星序列,由所获得的1032个克隆中筛选出146个阳性克隆,经测序81个含有微卫星序列,52个为完美型,27个为非完美型,2个为复合型,其中43个微卫星序列重复次数在10以上。所获得的云斑尖塘鳢微卫星序列中除探针中使用的CA重复单元和GA重复单元外,还有TAC等其他类型的重复单元。设计合成38对微卫星引物,其中29对引物可稳定扩增出条带,使用这些引物对云斑尖塘鳢48个个体进行检测显示:观测杂合度平均值为0.63,期望杂合度平均值为0.43。29对引物中1对引物表现为单态,7对表现为高度多态,14对表现为中度多态,7对表现为低度多态,多态性较为丰富,说明本研究开发的绝大部分微卫星分子标记较为理想。 相似文献
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牙鲆基因组 (CAG)n微卫星 DNA 特征分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过磁珠富集法筛选牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)的微卫星分子标记,采用限制性内切酶Sau 3A Ⅰ对牙鲆完整基因组DNA进行酶切;通过蔗糖溶液梯度离心,收集400～900 bp大小的片段,连接Brown接头,构建牙鲆基因组文库.用生物素标记的微卫星探针(CAG)15,对基因组文库进行杂交,利用磁珠富集含有微卫星的DNA单链序列,并对其进行PCR扩增;将扩增产物连接到pMD18-T载体后转入感受态大肠杆菌DH5α中,得到微卫星序列文库.利用大量质粒检测法进行二次筛选,成功地从牙鲆基因组中分离出含有CAG重复的微卫星序列,测序其中的3000个单菌落,获得2805个(占93.5%)含有微卫星序列的克隆,其中含有微卫星座位3120个,完美型1808个,占57.97%;非完美型226个,占7.25%;混合型1085个,占34.78%.从中选出186个微卫星序列设计120对引物并合成,经过筛选,74对引物可扩增清晰条带,其中68对呈多态性. 相似文献
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应用磁珠富集法构建兰州鲇（ Silurus lanzhouensis） CAG重复和GATA重复的微卫星文库,并分析其序列特征。兰州鲇基因组DNA经MseI酶切,选取200～800 bp的片段与生物素标记的探针（CAG）8和（GATA）6杂交,捕获到含有微卫星序列的目的DNA片段连接到pMD19-T载体,转化到大肠杆菌DH5α菌株中构建微卫星富集文库,经PCR检测筛选出阳性克隆进行测序。从126个阳性克隆中随机选取96个进行测序,获得59个微卫星序列（ GenBank登录号： KJ545973～KJ545998, KJ598088～KJ598120）。其中完美型31个（52.54％）、非完美型20个（33.9％）、混合型为8个（13.56％）。根据侧翼序列,成功设计48对引物,选取25对微卫星引物在10个个体进行扩增与多态性筛选,共获得10对多态性引物。结果表明,经优化的磁珠富集法能够高效地获得兰州鲇微卫星标记,这些标记将为兰州鲇种质资源保护、微卫星连锁图谱构建、经济性状的QTL定位及分子标记辅助选育奠定基础。 相似文献
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磁珠富集法与小片段克隆法筛选鲤微卫星的比较研究 总被引：34，自引：10，他引：34
用2种方法克隆黑龙江鲤(Cyprinus(Cyprinus)carpio haonatopterus)的微卫星序列。这2种方法分别是：①经典的小片段DNA克隆库,用末端标记的[γ^-32]ATP的CA重复序列为探针筛选;②将酶切获得的小片段DNA用结合有磁珠的并连接有15个CA重复序列的生物素进行富集,获得的含有CA重复的DNA片段并经过两次PCR扩增再克隆的方法获得富集微卫星片段的克隆库。从前一个方法的克隆库中筛选2000个菌落,获得阳性克隆45个,有22个含有微卫星,完美型的占63．6％,非完美型的占22．7％,混合型的占13．7％,重复次数超过10的有9个,占40．9％;从方法②的克隆库中筛选2600个菌落,获得阳性克隆1300个,测序其中的390个克隆,微卫星314个,完美型的占79．0％;非完美型的占14．3％;混合型的占6．7％,重复次数超过10的有293个,占93．3％。结果表明,用生物素结合磁珠富集法克隆微卫星效率高,成本低,所获微卫星质量高,是一种值得推荐的微卫星制备方法。 相似文献
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为了开发太湖新银鱼（Neosalanx taihuensis）的微卫星分子标记,采用生物素标记探针（AC）12、（AAC）10、（AAG）10和（GATA）8对其微卫星位点进行了筛选,并对其序列特征进行了分析。共获得490个微卫星序列,筛选的总效率为78．09％。筛选出725个微卫星位点,其中完美型592个,占81．66％;混合型82个,占11．31％;非完美型51个,占7．03％。探针（AC）12富集到的微卫星重复次数大多集中在14～26次,最高44次;探针（AAC）10和探针（AAG）10富集得到的微卫星重复次数主要集中在8～20次,最高42次;探针（GATA）8富集得到的微卫星重复次数一般在6～15次,最高32次。探针（AC）12、（AAC）10、（AAG）10和（GATA）8的杂交效率分别为85．19％、60．19％、5．16％和10．64％。筛选得到的725个微卫星位点中,二碱基重复位点390个（53．79％）,三碱基重复位点284个（39．17％）,四碱基重复位点47个（6．48％）,五碱基重复位点 1个（0．14％）和六碱基重复位点3 个（0.42％）。根据二碱基重复核心序列进行引物设计,对抚仙湖24尾太湖新银鱼样本进行 PCR 扩增,电泳结果显示部分微卫星位点有较高的多态性,同时本研究获得的三碱基、四碱基、五碱基和六碱基重复位点也可为长重复单元微卫星引物的开发提供基础。 相似文献
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青石斑鱼微卫星DNA 标记的筛选及群体遗传多样性分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
以中国南海海域青石斑鱼（Epinephelus awoara）为材料，构建青石斑鱼小片段部分基因组DNA文库。以M13通用引物和设计合成的微卫星核心序列引物（CA）15,用PCR法对文库进行筛选，共获得96个微卫星序列，分别分布于28个阳性重组克隆中，其中perfect（完美型）共39个（占40．6％），imperfect（非完美型）30个（占31．3％），compound perfect（混合完美型）7个（占7．3％），compound imperfect（混合非完美型）20个（占20．8％）。同时发现（CA／GT）。序列在青石斑鱼的基因组DNA中含量非常丰富。根据微卫星侧翼序列设计28对引物扩增青石斑鱼基因组DNA，有26对引物能扩增出目的片段，选用其中13对多态性稳定的引物对19尾青石斑鱼进行遗传多样性分析。结果显示，13个位点共检测到48个等位基因，平均观测杂合度（Ho）为0．5982，平均期望杂合度（He）为0．5080，平均多态信息含量（PIC）为0．4722，平均Hardy-Weinberg遗传偏离指数（D）为0．1503。实验初步表明中国南海海域青石斑鱼的遗传多样性较为丰富，但在某种程度上受到了人为的干扰。 相似文献
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日本蟳微卫星富集文库的建立与多态性标记的筛选 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
采用磁珠富集法筛选日本蟳微卫星分子标记。日本蟳基因组DNA经Sau3 AⅠ酶切后,收集400~1 200 bp大小的片段并纯化,利用生物素标记的寡核苷酸探针(AC)15从中筛选出含有微卫星序列的DNA片段,连接到pMD18-T载体中,构建富集微卫星序列的基因组文库,经PCR检测筛选出阳性克隆进行测序。从随机挑选的970个菌落中筛选出369个阳性克隆进行测序,结果86.99%(321个)含有微卫星序列,其中完美型占80.54%,非完美型占15.95%,混合型占4.28%。除使用的探针AC重复外,还得到GA、CT等重复序列。共设计出102对微卫星引物,其中65对能扩增出清晰条带,27对具有多态性。同时筛选出的微卫星标记可为今后研究日本蟳的分子遗传育种提供有效的遗传标记。 相似文献
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利用生物信息学方法在含有10446个中国对虾ESTs的数据库中进行微卫星序列的筛选，共发现微卫星序列229个，占整个ESTs数据库的2．19％，其中含双碱基重复序列146个和3碱基重复序列58个，分别占在ESTs数据库中发现微卫星序列总数的63．76％，和25．33％，大部分发现的微卫星序列均为Perfect形式的重复序列。根据筛选得到的微卫星序列设计并合成引物19对进行多态性检测，在有扩增产物的16对引物中，首次筛选得到8个中国对虾微卫星标记，并对这些微卫星标记进行了等位基因频率、观测杂合度、期望杂合度、PIC值等统计学指标的评价。结果表明，在8个微卫星位点上，等位基因的数目从5到15不等，等位基因长度从：165～305bp，期望杂合度和多态性信息含量分别为0．59到0．89和0．56到0．88，表明这8个中国对虾微卫星标记完全适合于遗传分析。 相似文献
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Association between the interannual variation in the oceanic environment and catch rates of bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) in the Atlantic Ocean 
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下载免费PDF全文 The environmental processes associated with variability in the catch rates of bigeye tuna in the Atlantic Ocean are largely unexplored. This study used generalized additive models (GAMs) fitted to Taiwanese longline fishery data from 1990 to 2009 and investigated the association between environmental variables and catch rates to identify the processes influencing bigeye tuna distribution in the Atlantic Ocean. The present findings reveal that the year (temporal factor), latitude and longitude (spatial factors), and major regular longline target species of albacore catches are significant for the standardization of bigeye tuna catch rates in the Atlantic Ocean. The standardized catch rates and distribution of bigeye tuna were found to be related to environmental and climatic variation. The model selection processes showed that the selected GAMs explained 70% of the cumulative deviance in the entire Atlantic Ocean. Regarding environmental factors, the depth of the 20 degree isotherm (D20) substantially contributed to the explained deviance; other important factors were sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height deviation (SSHD). The potential fishing grounds were observed with SSTs of 22–28°C, a D20 shallower than 150 m and negative SSHDs in the Atlantic Ocean. The higher predicted catch rates were increased in the positive northern tropical Atlantic and negative North Atlantic Oscillation events with a higher SST and shallow D20, suggesting that climatic oscillations affect the population abundance and distribution of bigeye tuna. 相似文献
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Liping Li Rui Wang Wanwen Liang Xi Gan Ting Huang Yan Huang Jian Li Yunliang Shi Honglin Luo Ming Chen 《广西水产科技》2014,(1)
Previously, we reported 10 PEGE types of 85 tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae(GBS), which shifted from Streptococcus iniae in China, by using PEGE method. Presently, larger and more representative tilapia GBS were isolated, for the ?rst time in China, to characterize their serotypes and genetic diversities more precisely than had done before. 168 GBS strains were distributed in ?ve provinces of China, in which Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan were the major ones, holding36.9%(62/168), 37.5%(63/168) and 19.6%(33/168), respectively. Serotypes, Ia, Ib and III, were observed in these strains and the most predominant one was Ia(95.2%), which mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. Ia initially occurred in 2009, it shoot up to 32.1% in 2010,but decreased to 16.1% in 2011 before went up to 45.2% in 2012. Ib sporadically occurred during2007–2011, III onlyoccurred in 2012. 14 different PFGE types, including 4 new types(N, O,P and Q), were observed, in which B, D, F and G were the predominant types, holding 83.9%(141/168) of the total GBS strains. Ia corresponded to 11 PFGE types(A–H, N–P), in which type D predominated(51%). Ib represented 3 genotypes(I, J and Q) and III harbored only 2genotypes(N and F). Type N and Fsynchronously presented in Ia and III. In summary, the genetic diversity of tilapia GBS varied by serotypes and changed with geographical locations and years.Although Iastillpredominated, new rareserotypeIII alreadyoccurred in China. 相似文献
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In this experiment, a feeding trial was performed to determine the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus juveniles (initial weight 38.3 ± 0.5 g), and the fish were examined following feeding with six levels of FOS (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 g/kg) for 28 days. Significant enhancement of weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) was found in fish fed 1 g/kg FOS incorporated diets (p < .05), while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the 1, 2 g/kg FOS groups reduced significantly compared with the control (p < .05). Besides, the crude lipid in the 4, 6 g/kg FOS groups increased significantly compared with the control (p < .05). On the other hand, the erepsin and lipase activities significantly elevated in intestine of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS (p < .05) and the lysozyme activity in serum of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than that in the control (p < .05). Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase activities in serum of fish fed 0.5, 1, 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than in control (p < .05). Regression analysis showed that the relationships between dietary FOS levels and either SGR, FCR, erepsin or lysozyme activities were best expressed by regression equations, and the optimal inclusion levels are 1.37, 1.80, 3.06, 3.11, 1.93 and 1.80 g/kg for SGR, FCR, erepsin, lipase, lysozyme and total superoxide dismutase activities, respectively. Overall, this study revealed that FOS incorporated diets could beneficial for L. japonicus culture in terms of increasing the growth, digestion and immune activities. Under the present experimental condition, the optimal supplementary level of FOS in the diet of L. japonicus is 1–3 g/kg. 相似文献
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Iciar Martinez Amaya Velasco Ricardo Pérez-Martín Eskil Forås Michiaki Yamashita Carmen G. Sotelo 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(4):289-297
The purpose of this work was to evaluate the suitability of a method based on the presence of two restriction sites (for Hae III and Hindf I) in the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (mt ND5) gene to identify Scomber species. The evaluation was performed on 144 reference and market samples by sequencing of the entire 505-bp fragment of the mt ND5 gene and of a 464-bp fragment of the Kocher fragment of the cytochrome b gene (mt Cytb). Sequence analysis of any of the two fragments allows the identification of each of the four Scomber species, but S. japonicus and S. colias had the same restriction sites at the ND5 amplicon and would not have been differentiated by this analysis. Similarly, loss of the Hae III site in some S. scombrus individuals would have misidentified them as not being Scomber. All the market products were correctly labeled except one acquired in Spain labeled as originating in the Atlantic and containing S. japonicus. 相似文献
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Growth hormone (GH) and reproduction: a review 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Florence Le Gac Odile Blaise Alex Fostier Pierre-Yves Le Bail Maurice Loir Brigitte Mourot Claudine Weil 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1993,11(1-6):219-232
Interaction between growth and reproduction occurs in many vertebrates and is particularly obvious at certain stages of the life cycle in fish. Endocrine interactions between the gonadotropic axis and the somatotropic axis are described, the potential role of GH being emphasised. A comparative analysis of these phenomena in mammals, amphibians and fish, suggests a specific role of GH in the physiology of puberty, gametogenesis and fertility. It also shows the original contribution made by studies on the fish model in this field of investigations. 相似文献
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Two gonadotropins (GtH; Qa and Qb) were purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography from the pituitaries of Indian walking catfish (Clarias batrachus). The presence of GtH during purification was assessed by in vitro oocyte maturation and in vivo steroidogenic activity, and their identities were determined by elution profiles, molecular weight, biological activities and yield. The molecular weights of Qa and Qb were 37 and 42 kDa, respectively, and composed of distinct subunits (Qa: 20 and 14 kDa and Qb: 26 and 18 kDa). Polyclonal antibodies raised against Qa immunostained Qa, Qb and pituitary GtH cells. A competitive Qa‐ELISA was developed whose sensitivity was 6.25 ng mL?1 (1.25 ng well?1) with intra‐ (3.5%) and inter‐ (12.4%) assay coefficients of variation. Displacement curves parallel to the standard were obtained with plasma and pituitary extracts of catfish, Qb and carp GtHII. The assay was validated by measuring the plasma Qa levels after LHRH treatment and in relation to ovarian growth in the female catfish during different reproductive phases. Based on the results, Qa and Qb corresponded to fish LH and FSH respectively. The findings will increase the knowledge of the mechanisms controlling fish reproduction and identification of sensitive phases in fish in captivity for hormonal manipulation. 相似文献
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Controlled infection of Poecilia reticulata Peters (guppy) with Tetrahymena by immersion and intraperitoneal injection 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 G Sharon M Pimenta‐Leibowitz M C L Vilchis N Isakov D Zilberg 《Journal of fish diseases》2015,38(1):67-74
Tetrahymena is a protozoan parasite, which infects guppy, Poecilia reticulata Peters, and causes substantial economical losses in commercial farms worldwide. Studies of guppy infected by Tetrahymena require standardized infection protocols. The LD50 for Tetrahymena infection of guppies by intraperitoneal (IP) injection was calibrated, and the level obtained was 946 parasites per fish. Guppy infection with Tetrahymena by immersion, imitating the natural route of infection via the integument, was studied under normal or stress conditions. Exposure to cold and netting (CNI) and to cold only (CI) followed by immersion exposure to 10 000 Tetrahymena per mL resulted in 22.5% and 19.2% mortality, respectively, as compared to 14.2% and 10% in groups that were netted only (NI) or non‐stressed (I). Histopathology revealed that immersion infection resulted in a systemic infection. Lysozyme levels, measured 3 weeks after infection, were significantly higher in the CNI group (288 μg per mg protein) compared with CI‐, NI‐ and I‐treated groups (94.5, 64 and 62.3 μg mg?1, respectively). There was no evident parasite immobilization activity in body homogenates, suggesting no development of acquired immunity. Re‐infection by IP injection revealed no increase in protection in any of the treatment groups, mortality range of 56.3–75%, higher than in the non‐exposed control (40.6% mortality). 相似文献
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