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1.
铜中毒对雏鸭某些血液指标的影响 总被引：6，自引：4，他引：6
选用1日龄天府肉鸭210只,随机分为3组,分别喂以对照日粮(Cu12.16mg/kg)、铜中毒日粮(Cu850mg/kg)和铜中毒日粮(Cu1050mg/kg)。试验期7周。以血液病理学方法观察了铜中毒对雏鸭某些血液学指标的影响。结果显示铜中毒组、组雏鸭分别于2周龄和3周龄开始出现临床症状,死亡18只和5只。血液病理学变化表现为,红细胞大小不等、变形变性、坏死溶解;红细胞数量和血红蛋白含量显著降低(P<0.01),血清谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶活性显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01),血清铜蓝蛋白活性下降。结果表明,铜中毒对雏鸭的生长发育和上述血液指标影响明显。 相似文献
2.
实验性雏鸡铜中毒的病理学研究 总被引：11，自引：1，他引：10
选用1日龄艾维菌肉鸡180只随机分为3组，分别以对照日粮（Cu 11．97mg／kg）、铜中毒Ⅰ组日粮（Cu 650mg／kg）和铜中毒Ⅱ组日粮（Cu 850mg／kg）饲喂6周，以实验病理学方法系统研究了铜中毒对雏鸡组织器官和某些血液指标的影响。2个铜中毒组在试验的第2、3周先后出现临床症状；铜中毒Ⅱ组雏鸡的发病率和死亡率高于铜中毒Ⅰ组。病理形态学观察，2个铜中毒组的病变基本一致，表现为肌胃角质层增厚、龟裂，肠绒毛裸露断裂，伴有坏死；肝细胞脂肪变性；肾小管上皮细胞变性，坏死脱落；淋巴免疫器官体积缩小、重量减轻、淋巴细胞数量减少。2个铜中毒组雏鸡血清谷草转氨酶（AST）活性显著升高，红细胞数量、血红蛋白含量显著降低（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。表明，雏鸡在生长发育的2～6周对高剂量铜较为敏感，毒性损坏的靶器官是肝、肾、胃肠道和淋巴免疫器官，铜中毒导致雏鸡组织器官受损、功能障碍及免疫功能低下，最终导致发病、死亡。 相似文献
3.
选用1日龄艾维茵肉鸡健雏420只,随机分为7组,分别饲以含铜11 mg/kg的基础日粮和含铜量分别为100（Ⅰ）、200（Ⅱ）、300（Ⅲ）、400（Ⅳ）、500（Ⅴ）、600 mg/kg（Ⅵ）的6种高铜日粮6周,探讨高铜对雏鸡某些血液生化指标的影响。结果显示：高铜Ⅰ组的血清铜蓝蛋白与铜锌SOD酶活性显著升高（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）;高铜Ⅵ组的红细胞数量、血红蛋白含量和血清铜蓝蛋白活性降低,与对照组比较差异显著（P〈0.05）;高铜Ⅳ、Ⅴ和Ⅵ组的血清天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶、丙氨酸氨基转移酶活性、血清尿素氮和肌酐含量,血清铜和肝铜含量显著升高（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。 相似文献
4.
铜中毒对雏鸡红细胞免疫功能的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文旨在研究铜中毒对雏鸡红细胞免疫功能的影响。选用1日龄艾维茵肉鸡健雏180只,随机分为3组,分别喂以对照日粮(含Cu 11.97 mg/kg)和铜中毒日粮(铜中毒I组,含Cu 650 mg/kg;铜中毒II组,含Cu850 mg/kg)6周。结果表明:两个铜中毒组雏鸡的RBC-C3bRR花环率和RBC-ICR花环率降低,红细胞免疫功能受损,肉鸡1~6周龄时与对照组比较差异显著(P<0.05或P<0.01),并与红细胞的形态改变相一致。RBC-C3bRR花环率和RBC-ICR花环率的降低与铜中毒引起的红细胞病理损害密切相关。 相似文献
5.
日粮中添加高水平铜对雏鸭血液指标的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
试验对日粮中添加高水平铜对雏鸭血液指标的影响进行了研究。360只1日龄天府肉鸭随机分为6组，分别喂以对照日粮（Cu 8mg／kg）和高铜日粮（Cu100mg／kg，高铜Ⅰ组；Cu200mg／kg，高铜Ⅱ组；Cu400mg／kg，高铜Ⅲ组，Cu600 mg／kg，高铜Ⅳ组；Cu800mg／kg，高铜V组）6周。与对照组比较，高铜Ⅳ组和V组的红细胞数量、血红蛋白含量、血清铜蓝蛋白活性和血清铜锌SOD活性降低（P〈0．0）1），高铜Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组和V组血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶活性显著升高（P〈0．01），胆固醇、甘油三酯和总胆红素含量显著增加（P〈0．01）。结果表明．日粮铜水平为400mg／kg及以上时可引起上述血液指标的改变。 相似文献
6.
为探讨日粮铜添加水平对雏鸡肝脏及相关血液生化指标的影响,将420只1日龄艾维因肉鸡随机分为7组,分别喂以对照日粮（Cu 11mg／kg）和高铜日粮（Cu 100mg／kg,高铜Ⅰ组;Cu 200mg／kg,高铜Ⅱ组;Cu 300mg／kg,高铜Ⅲ组,Cu 400mg／kg,高铜Ⅳ组;Cu 500mg／kg,高铜V组;Cu 600mg／kg,高铜Ⅵ组）6N。高铜Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组、Ⅴ组、Ⅵ组雏鸡肝脏出现不同程度的病理损害,肝细胞颗粒变性和脂肪变性;透射电镜观察,肝细胞线粒体肿胀,嵴断裂甚至溶解消失。除高铜Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组外,其余高铜组肝脏铜含量均显著高于对照组（P〈0．01）。高铜Ⅴ组和Ⅵ组丙氨酸氨基转移酶、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶活性显著升高（P〈0．05）。结果表明,日粮铜含量200～600mg／kg可引起肝脏病理损伤。 相似文献
7.
180只1日龄艾维菌肉鸡健雏随机分为3组,分别喂以对照日粮(Cu 11.97 mg/kg)和铜中毒日粮(Cu 650 mg/kg,铜中毒Ⅰ组;Cu 850 mg/kg,铜中毒Ⅱ组)6周,观察铜中毒对免疫功能的影响.与对照组比较,两个铜中毒组雏鸡胸腺、脾脏和法氏囊的生长指数、淋巴细胞生长周期和外周血T淋巴细胞ANAE阳性率显著降低(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);病理组织学观察,淋巴免疫器官淋巴细胞显著减少并呈退性变.结果表明,铜中毒严重抑制淋巴免疫器官生长发育和外周血T淋巴细胞活化,并对淋巴免疫器官造成损伤,导致免疫功能下降.本中还就铜中毒对免疫功能的影响机理进行了讨论. 相似文献
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9.
文章以1日龄肉鸡为研究对象,评估日粮添加不同水平纳米铜替代硫酸铜对肉鸡生长性能、免疫和抗氧化性能的影响。试验将平均体重一致的1104只1日龄肉鸡随机分为3组,每组8个重复,每个重复46只。对照组肉鸡在1～28 d时饲喂基础试验日粮（以硫酸铜的形式补充5 mg/kg铜）,T1和T2组肉鸡在1～28 d时分别饲喂基础日粮+2和4 mg/kg铜（纳米铜形式）。试验结果：与对照组相比,2 mg/kg纳米铜组28 d肉鸡体重显著提高1.64%（P＜0.05）,但15～28 d和1～28 d料重比分别显著降低3.93%和3.18%（P＜0.05）。与对照组相比,2和4 mg/kg纳米铜组血液血红蛋白和红细胞占比显著提高（P＜0.05）,但随着日粮纳米铜从0添加到4 mg/kg,红细胞沉积显著降低（P＜0.05）。2和4 mg/kg纳米铜组肉鸡血液IgA浓度较对照组分别显著提高7.14%和5.37%（P＜0.05）,同时IL-6浓度分别显著提高7.34%和5.87%（P＜0.05）。2 mg/kg纳米铜组肉鸡血液IgM浓度较对照组显著提高15.24%（P＜0.05）。2和4 mg/kg纳米铜组血清总抗氧化力活性显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）,但丙二醛浓度显著降低（P＜0.05）。随着日粮纳米铜添加水平的升高,铜蓝蛋白浓度显著升高（P＜0.05）。试验结论：日粮用低剂量纳米铜替代硫酸铜对肉鸡生长性能无负面影响,同时可以改善红细胞和IgA浓度,提高血清抗氧化指标。
[关键词]纳米铜|肉鸡|生长性能|免疫|抗氧化 相似文献
10.
选用1日龄艾维茵肉鸡420只,随机分为7组,分别喂以对照日粮(Cu11mg/kg)、高铜日粮I组(Cu100mg/kg,II组Cu200mg/kg,Cu300mg/kgⅢ,Cu400mg/kgⅣ,Cu500mg/kgⅤ,Cu600mg/kgⅥ)六周。结果显示Ⅴ、Ⅵ组雏鸡丙氨酸氨基转移酶、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶活性显著升高,红细胞数量和血红蛋白含量显著降低穴P<0.05或P<0.01雪。结果表明,500mg/kg以上的高铜日粮对雏鸡上述血液生化指标影响明显。 相似文献
11.
Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
12.
Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
13.
Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
14.
Waruiru RM Thamsborg SM Nansen P Kyvsgaard NC Bogh HO Munyua WK Gathuma JM 《Tropical animal health and production》2001,33(3):173-187
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round. 相似文献
15.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host. 相似文献
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Evaluation of biohydrogenation rate of canola vs. soya bean seeds as unsaturated fatty acids sources for ruminants in situ 
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下载免费PDF全文 S. Pashaei T. Ghoorchi A. Yamchi 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(2):211-216
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed. 相似文献
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Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb
albumin
- ALT
alanine aminotransferase
- AST
aspartate aminotransferase
- BUN
blood urea nitrogen
- Chol
cholesterol
- Glob
globulin
- -GT
-glutamyl transpeptidase
- IP
inorganic phosphorus
- TP
total protein 相似文献
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正We are pleased to publish the second special issue on avian brood parasitism and to be responsible guest editors for the two special issues of Chinese Birds (Vol. 3, No. 4, 2012 and Vol. 4, No. 1, 2013), entitled "Avian Brood Parasitism - A Growing Research Area in Behavioral Ecology". The first issue was published in December 2012. The goal of the two special issues is to publish accumulated knowledge and some of the recent developments in 相似文献
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Tropical Animal Health and Production - 相似文献