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脱水是新生羔羊常见的一种病理症状,许多疾病过程中都伴有不同性质和程度的脱水。由于新生羔羊体内含液量相对较多,代谢旺盛,加之发育尚未成熟,肾脏、呼吸、神经、内分泌和缓冲系统对水及电解质的调节功能差,因而在疾病的过程中容易发生水及电解质紊乱,从而加重病情,甚至引起病羔死亡。因此正确诊断新生羔羊脱水的性质、程度,及时、合理补充足量的水与电解质,对于纠正病羔水与电解质紊乱,恢复和维持血容量及其渗透压,以及酸碱度和电解质成分的稳定具有重要的临床意义。 相似文献
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新生羔羊经脐带感染的感染性疾病(脐带感染、脐带病等),为新生细毛和半细毛羔羊的常见病及多发病。在牧区,有“改良羊羔三大病:拉稀、肺炎、脐带病”之说法。多年来,从我场新生羔羊发病种类来看,该类羔病发病率一般要占新生羔羊总发病率的20%左右,如不及时治疗,死亡率可达80%以上。可见该病在新生羔羊疾病中所占的重要地位。和我场相邻的兄弟场、社及天祝、永登、景太等县,该类羔病亦程度不同存在。鉴于该类羔病 相似文献
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腹泻是新生羔羊的一种常见症状,主要因胃肠道遭受细菌或病毒感染而引起,由于病羔急剧腹泻,导致脱水酸中毒,常引起病羔死亡。对本病的治疗,临床除采用静脉输液,防止脱水酸中毒外,还应注意补钾,因为病羔在腹泻时,钾离子随粪便排出,导致钾离子的大量丢失,鉴于新生羔羊补钾的报道尚少见,笔者就新生羔羊腹泻导致缺钾的原因,临床表现以及正确的补钾方法介绍如下。 相似文献
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初生羔羊拉稀是对细毛羊养羊业危害较大的疾病之一,常常造成羔单的大批损失。我场卧龙沟放牧站四十间队,据1971年统计初生羔羊的发病率为70％,其中拉稀占44％,拉稀脱水死亡占7.82％。1972年开始,我们采用液体疗法进行治疗后,死亡率逐年下降,1977—78年度基本上控制了羔羊拉稀病的死亡,拉稀脱水得到治愈。现将我们的一点治疗体会报告如下: 羔羊拉稀致使机体丧失大量的体液,当发展到脱水阶段时,体内水和电解质的代谢失调,即出现代谢性酸中毒,就危及到羔羊的生命,因此防止脱水是治疗羔羊拉稀病的主要方面。羔羊拉稀的液体疗法,就是给羔羊补充因脱水而损耗了的各种体液,来避免拉稀脱水后的代谢失调和代谢性酸中毒。同时,亦可促进体内毒素的排泄,供给养料,从而达到治愈拉稀的目的。 相似文献
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新生羔羊低糖血症俗称新生羔羊发抖症,是新生羔羊的常见多发病.多见于出生后7日龄内的新生羔羊,尤以出生后3～5日龄的细毛羔羊发生最多.临床病羔表现流涎、寒颤、惊厥为主要特征.本病发病急,病程短,如不及时急救,病羔很快昏迷死亡.笔者在长期的羔羊疾病诊疗中,曾收治过新生羔羊低糖血症216例,治愈208例,治愈率为96％,现将治疗情况介绍如下. 相似文献
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新生羔羊颅出血是新生羔羊的一种危重疾病,主要因缺氧或产伤引起,临床表现以窒息和中枢神经系统兴奋或抑制症状为主要特征,病理过程严重,若诊断救治不及时,常引起病羔死亡. 相似文献
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新生羔羊窒息是羔羊刚出生后,呼吸发生障碍或完全停止,仅心脏有微弱跳动,形如死羔。由于呼吸抑制,导致低氧血症和混合性酸中毒,病理过程严重,如不及时给予急救处理,常引起病羔很快死亡。笔者在长期的羔羊疾病诊疗中,曾收治过新生羔羊窒息127例,经采取急救措施治愈114例,治愈率为89.76%,现将救治情况介绍如下。 相似文献
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新生羔羊低温症是高寒牧区新生羔羊常见的一种病症。临床上以病羔体温降低为特征,若不及时救治,病羔很快死亡。笔者在长期的羔羊疾病诊疗中,采用中西医结合的方法,治疗97例,除5例应救治不及时死亡外,其余均治愈。现将救治情况介绍如下。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献