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1.
以早籼稻浙106与近缘系浙205、浙206和浙207共4个品种(系)为研究对象,利用农艺性状为观测指标的形态标记鉴定技术和简单重复序列(SSR)分子标记鉴定技术对4个品种(系)的农艺性状和基因组DNA进行性状考查。结果表明:4个材料具有各自所特有的外观形态标记,但只运用农艺性状的观察很难来鉴定浙106与近缘系,选用的32对引物中有13对引物在品种(系)间表现明显的多态性特征,SSR标记结合形态标记用于近缘系间的品种鉴别较为合适。 相似文献
2.
早籼稻浙106与近缘系的主要遗传鉴别方法研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
对遗传背景较为接近的不同近缘系水稻品种的鉴别是水稻育种和种业部门常常遇到的问题,本文为了明确早籼稻浙106和近缘系浙205、浙206、浙207共4个品种(系)的主要遗传差异,利用形态标记鉴别技术和SSR分子标记鉴别技术对4个品种(系)的主要农艺性状、种子形态及基因组DNA进行性状考查。结果表明:4个材料具有各自所特有的外观形态标记,但只运用形态标记很难来鉴别浙106与近缘系,从选用的32对引物中筛选出13对在品种(系)间表现明显的多态性特征的引物,SSR分子标记结合形态标记用于浙106和近缘系间的品种鉴别较为合适。 相似文献
3.
棉花品种遗传纯度的SSR分子标记鉴定技术研究 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5
为建立适合于SSR标记的棉花品种纯度鉴定方法,利用78个SSR标记对12个棉花常规品种进行标记基因型分析.通过比较不同品种不同单株标记基因型,发现棉花品种的非纯SSR位点存在3种主要类型.通过综合分析非纯SSR位点率和异型单株率对品种遗传纯度的影响,建立了利用SSR标记在分子水平上鉴定棉花品种纯度的方法.利用该方法鉴定的12个棉花品种中有3个品种(C5、C9和Cll)的遗传纯度在98％以上,非纯SSR位点和异型株均较高的2个品种(C3和C6)遗传纯度分别为67.31％和31.79％,该方法弥补了以往分子纯度计算方法中只考虑单株混杂、不考虑SSR位点混杂的缺陷,可比较客观地反映品种的遗传纯度状况. 相似文献
4.
阐述了利用SSR分子标记鉴定品种真实性和种子纯度的基本原理,剖析了中棉种业科技股份有限公司利用SSR分子标记鉴定品种真实性和种子纯度的实践过程,指出了利用SSR分子标记鉴定品种真实性和种子纯度在企业中发挥的作用。 相似文献
5.
甘蓝型双低油菜杂交种丰油10号纯度的SSR鉴定 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
品种纯度影响品种的一致性和稳定性,是品种鉴定的一项重要指标。为建立甘蓝型油菜杂交种丰油10号的SSR标记纯度鉴定方法,以丰油10号及其亲本为材料,利用SSR荧光标记与毛细管电泳相结合的方法,在128对SSR引物中筛选出2对可用于丰油10号纯度鉴定的引物。2对SSR引物对丰油10号的纯度鉴定结果为85.64%,与田间表型纯度鉴定的结果87.18%相比,纯度值非常接近,说明筛选的SSR标记可用于丰油10号杂交种纯度鉴定。 相似文献
6.
陆地棉7个置换系的遗传评价 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
对7个陆地棉置换系的形态、产量、纤维品质及个体发育等性状进行了系统研究,结果表明所研究的7个置换系分别与不同的农艺性状相关联,同一农艺性状同时与几个置换系相关联.利用(TM-1×Sub16)F2群体进行分子标记筛选,标记SSR1694195与第一果枝节位、铃重、衣指连锁,标记SSR2986120和SSR300880均与铃重、开花日期连锁,标记SSR306 相似文献
7.
《分子植物育种》2020,(15)
为了探究叶绿素降解途径关键酶基因在大豆不同生育时期的表达情况,以期为揭示调控大豆持绿特性的分子机制提供参考,本研究以大豆‘科丰14’和其持绿突变体‘北农108’为试验材料,在其苗期、开花期和成熟前期,利用荧光定量qPCR方法分析了6种叶绿素降解途径中关键酶基因表达量的变化。结果表明,6种关键酶基因在两个品种苗期和开花期的相对表达量并无显著差异,在成熟前期脱镁螯合酶(MDCase)、脱镁叶绿素酶(PPH)和脱镁叶绿酸a加氧酶(PAO)三个酶基因相对表达量显著提高(p0.05),并且在‘科丰14’中的表达量远高于在‘北农108’中的表达量,因此推测在叶绿素降解代谢途径中这三个关键酶基因所调控的代谢过程可能是‘北农108’持绿的重要原因之一。本研究为探究大豆持绿特性的分子调控机制,作用机理提供实践参考,为高光效大豆的遗传改良,探究植物衰老延缓机制,提高产量和品质等提供理论支持。 相似文献
8.
《分子植物育种》2015,(11)
建立SSR指纹鉴定甜瓜杂交种纯度的技术体系,对于利用分子标记进行品种纯度和真实性鉴定具有重要的意义。以12个甜瓜杂交种及其亲本为试验材料,确定了杂合率高,能够区分甜瓜杂交种与双亲的11对SSR引物,其中5个引物对其中6个杂交种具有特异带型,进一步结合其它引物可将杂交种中混杂的其它11个品种的异型株鉴别出来。通过对照12个甜瓜杂交种的51份样品,分子标记检测纯度的结果与田间纯度鉴定的结果进行验证,利用统计学的方法对SSR指纹检测的结果与田间地里植株的形态性状鉴定的结果进行了显著性分析,结果证明,SSR分子标记技术检测技术体系可以取代地里经典的形态性状鉴定方法,用于甜瓜杂交种纯度及真实性快速鉴定。 相似文献
9.
10.
柱花草重要性状与SSR、SRAP分子标记的关联分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《分子植物育种》2017,(5)
为了寻找与柱花草重要性状相关联的分子标记,本研究以20份柱花草品种(系)为对象,进行了株高等5个农艺性状和粗蛋白等8个品质性状的观测分析。在分析遗传多样性和群体结构的基础上,将品种间差异显著的11个性状与SSR、SRAP标记进行关联分析。结果表明,共有14个SSR标记与5个性状相关联,有16个SRAP标记与4个性状相关联。其中,1个SSR标记、15个SRAP标记与鲜重相关联;12个SSR标记和1个SRAP标记与株高相关联;12个SSR标记、1个SRAP标记与茎粗相关联;11个SRAP标记与粗蛋白含量相关联,分别只有1个SSR标记与叶宽、粗灰分含量相关联。关联分析能够有效地找到与部分性状相关联的标记,为柱花草种质鉴定、杂交育种及分子育种实践提供依据。 相似文献
11.
Biological Activity and Quantification of Suspected Allelochemicals from Alfalfa Plant Parts 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Autotoxicity restricts reseeding of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) after alfalfa until autotoxic chemical(s) breaks down or is dispersed into external environments. A series of aqueous extracts from leaves, stems, roots and seeds of alfalfa ‘Vernal’ were bioassayed against alfalfa seedlings of the same cultivar to determine their autotoxicity. The highest inhibition was found in the extracts from the leaves. Extracts at 40 g dry tissue l?1 from alfalfa leaves were 15.4, 17.5 and 28.7 times more toxic to alfalfa root growth than were those from roots, stems and seeds, respectively. A high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis with nine standard compounds showed that the concentrations and compositions of allelopathic compounds depended on the plant parts. In leaf extracts that showed the most inhibitory effect on root growth, the highest amounts of allelochemicals were detected. Among nine phenolic compounds assayed for their phytotoxicity on root growth of alfalfa, coumarin, trans‐cinnamic acid and o‐coumaric acid at 10?3 m were most inhibitory. The type and amount of causative allelochemicals found in alfalfa plant parts were highly correlated with the results of the bioassay, indicating that the autotoxic effects of alfalfa plant parts significantly differed. 相似文献
12.
C. J. Spurr D. A. Fulton P. H. Brown R. J. Clark 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2002,188(4):275-280
Development of onion (Allium cepa L., cv. ‘Early Cream Gold’) seed under cool climate conditions in Tasmania, Australia occurred over a longer duration than previously reported, but similar patterns of change in yield components were recorded. In contrast to previous studies, umbel moisture content declined from 85 to 67 % over 57 days while seed moisture content decreased from 85 to 31 %. Seed yield continued to increase over the duration of crop development, with increasing seed weight compensating for seed loss resulting from capsule dehiscence in the later stages of maturation. Germination percentage was high and did not vary significantly from 53 to 77 days after full bloom (DAF), but mean germination time declined and uniformity of germination increased significantly over the same time period. The percentage abnormal seedlings declined with later harvest date, resulting in highest seed quality at 77 DAF. The results of this study suggest that the decision to harvest cool climate onion seed crops before capsule dehiscence will result in a loss of potential seed yield and quality. 相似文献
13.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
14.
G. H. Kroon 《Euphytica》1994,76(1-2):125-125
Summary
K x vadensis is a hybrid of K. blossfeldiana and K. marmorata obtained after doubling the number of chromosomes. 相似文献
15.
Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
16.
Summary Avoidance of rust fungi that was based on poor appressorium induction was previously found in Hordeum chilense. In the present study 95 accessions of Triticeae were screened for avoidance of Puccinia hordei. The percentage of appressorium formation per germinated spore ranged from 6 to 90%. On none of the 41 accessions of Aegilops, Agropyron, Elymus, Secale, Thinopyrum or Triticum studied was the rate of appressorium formation lower than 25%. Lower rates of appressorium formation were, however, found on accessions of wild barley species Hordeum brachyantherum, H. marinum, H. parodii and H. secalinum. Its implications in cereal breeding are discussed. 相似文献
17.
Summary Reactions of 13 grasses to Meloidogyne naasi varied with species; ryegrasses, fescues and their hybrids were generally susceptible and cocksfoot and timothy resistant. Marked variation in host resistance levels occurred between genotypes within cultivars.Selection of single plants, followed by tests on replicate tillers, identified resistant and susceptible genotypes in both Italian and perennial ryegrass cultivars. Resistant plants had few nematode-induced galls and fewer females and eggs than susceptibles. There was more or less continuous variation, with many genotypes intermediate between extremes of resistance and susceptibility. Selected resistant and susceptible genotypes are of use in assessing variation in nematode populations and as controls for breeding and selection programmes. 相似文献
18.
W. Erskine M. Tufail A. Russell M. C. Tyagi M. M. Rahman M. C. Saxena 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):127-135
Lentil production is limited by lack of moisture and unfavorable temperatures throughout its distribution. Waterlogging and salinity are only locally important. Progress has been made in breeding for tolerance to drought through selection for an appropriate phenology and increased water use efficiency and in breeding for winter hardiness through selection for cold tolerance.The diseases rust, vascular wilt, and Ascochyta blight, caused by Uromyces viciae-fabae, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lentis, and Ascochyta fabae f. sp. lentis, respectively, are the key fungal pathogens of lentil. Cultivars with resistance to rust and Ascochyta blight have been released in several countries and resistant sources to vascular wilt are being exploited. Sources of resistance to several other fungal and viral diseases of regional importance are known. In contrast, although the pea leaf weevil (Sitona spp.) and the parasitic weed broomrape (Orobanche spp.), and to a lesser extent the cyst nematode (Heterodera ciceri), are significant yield reducers of lentil, no sources of resistance to these biotic stresses have been found. Directions for future research in lentil on both biotic and abiotic stresses are discussed. 相似文献
19.
D. A. Bond G. J. Jellis G. G. Rowland J. Le Guen L. D. Robertson S. A. Khalil L. Li-Juan 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):151-166
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses. 相似文献
20.
Chunli TANG Fengxian ZHAO Hongxia CHEN Jiabao MA Jiangcun WEI Meiyan QIU Zhen XIE 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):60-65
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination... 相似文献