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1.
野生与人工养殖牙鲆亲鱼不同组织脂肪酸的比较   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5  
为研究脂肪酸对牙鲆繁育性能的影响, 采用生物化学方法, 对野生和养殖牙鲆亲鱼肌肉、肝脏及卵中脂肪酸组成分别进行测定。结果表明: (1) 牙鲆肌肉、肝脏和卵中脂肪含量大小关系为肝脏>卵>肌肉。野生亲鱼肌肉和卵中脂肪含量显著低于养殖亲鱼(P<0.05), 肝脏脂肪含量与养殖亲鱼无显著差异; (2) 牙鲆亲鱼3种组织中均检测出21种脂肪酸。野生亲鱼肌肉中饱和脂肪酸(SFA)与养殖亲鱼无显著差异, 单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)显著低于养殖亲鱼(P<0.05)。肝脏和卵中SFA显著高于养殖亲鱼(P<0.05), MUFA与养殖亲鱼无显著差异; (3) 野生亲鱼肌肉、肝脏和卵中高不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)的含量, 尤其是肝脏和卵中C20:5n-3(EPA)、C22:6n-3(DHA)的含量均显著低于养殖亲鱼(P<0.05), 但肌肉和卵中的C20:4n-6(ARA)含量明显高于养殖亲鱼(P<0.05); (4) 野生牙鲆亲鱼肌肉、肝脏和卵中n-3/n-6 PUFA及EPA/ARA显著低于养殖亲鱼(P<0.05), 肝脏中DHA/EPA显著高于养殖亲鱼(P<0.05), 但野生亲鱼肌肉和卵中的DHA/EPA与养殖亲鱼无显著差异。比较结果说明, DHA、EPA和ARA等PUFA是与牙鲆繁殖性能密切相关的重要脂肪酸。在牙鲆亲鱼养殖过程中, 除了提供牙鲆亲鱼足够的脂肪酸营养外, 也应注意各种脂肪酸, 尤其是PUFA中各种脂肪酸之间的添加比例, 从而保证亲鱼的繁殖性能及卵和仔鱼的质量。  相似文献   

2.
养殖褐牙鲆细胞色素b基因序列的初步研究   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7       下载免费PDF全文
对养殖褐牙鲆(Paralichthys olivacews)的线粒体DNACytb基因的部分序列进行测定，测得的目的DNA片段的长度为410bp，其A(104bp)、T(119bp)、C(117bp)、G(70bp)4种碱基平均含量分别为25．4％、29．0％、28．5％、17．1％。在28个褐牙鲆个体中共出现了3种单倍型。白化褐牙鲆出现的第1种和第3种单倍型个体数分别为10尾(占白化褐牙鲆样本数的如90．91％)和1尾(9．09％)；6尾黑化褐牙鲆均出现第1种单倍型(100％)；正常褐牙鲆出现的3种单倍型尾数分别为7尾(占正常褐牙鲆样本数的55．56％)、2尾(22．22％)和2尾(22．22％)；测得的序列与既知序列间在第6bp、第19bp和第402bp碱基处出现差异。由于褐牙鲆Cytb基因的高度同源性，研究其白化、黑化和正常状态时出现的序列差异，对于寻找褐牙鲆白化机理研究的分子标记意义重大。  相似文献   

3.
牙鲆幼鱼对EPA和DHA的营养需求   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5  
薛敏 《水产学报》2004,28(3):285-291
研究了EPA和DHA水平对牙鲆生长的影响,饲料中含0.5%EPA和1.0%～1.5%DHA能保证牙鲆幼鱼最适生长,鱼体水分最低,肝体指数最小,脂肪含量有较大幅度提高,肝脏极性脂中EPA和DHA达到最大积累;在肝脏和肌肉的非极性脂部分,各组间的脂肪酸组成没有显著变化,而极性脂部分能体现出饲料中n-3 HUFA含量对鱼体脂肪酸组成的影响,极性脂中的EPA和DHA含量远高于非极性脂;在肌肉和肝脏的极性脂和非极性脂中都含有较高的16:0和18:1n-9; 18:1n-9/n-3HUFA可以作为必需脂肪酸满足程度的一个判据,18:1n-9值的升高往往是缺乏必需脂肪酸的表现,在生长最佳时18:1n-9/n-3HUFA比值下降,为0.62和0.74.  相似文献   

4.
为了研究牙鲆白化发生过程中的分子调控机制,本研究在获得正常和白化牙鲆转录组及micro RNA(mi RNA)深度测序数据的基础上,对tyrosinase related protein 1(tyrp1)和mmu-mi R-143-5p_R+2(mmu-143)进行了表达模式、靶基因预测及验证分析。首先通过RACE方法克隆得到白化相关基因tyrp1的2个转录本,进化树分析表明这2个转录本分别是tyrp1a和tyrp1b,利用RNAhybrid软件预测到mmu-143可能与tyrp1a基因存在互作关系,通过双荧光素酶实验初步验证了这一靶向关系。进一步的荧光定量结果显示,tyrp1a基因在正常牙鲆皮肤中的表达量显著高于白化牙鲆皮肤的表达量,正常牙鲆皮肤中mmu-143的表达量显著低于白化牙鲆皮肤中的表达量。本研究发现,牙鲆tyrp1存在2个转录本,分别是tyrp1a和tyrp1b。双荧光素酶实验和定量PCR分析初步证实,tyrp1a是mmu-143的靶基因,mmu-143是通过调控tyrp1a基因的表达来影响牙鲆白化的。此研究结果为深入揭示牙鲆白化发生的分子机制提供重要的基础资料。  相似文献   

5.
南海8种低值小杂鱼脂肪含量和脂肪酸组成分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
采用氯仿-甲醇法提取南海盛产的8种低值小杂鱼肌肉、鱼头、内脏中的粗脂肪,利用气相色谱分析其脂肪酸的组成。结果表明,低值小杂鱼头部粗脂肪含量为2.7%～9.7%,内脏粗脂肪含量为2.9%～6.2%,肌肉部分粗脂肪含量为2.0%～8.5%;不同低值小杂鱼的脂肪酸组成基本相同,但其含量有所差异,饱和脂肪酸含量最高,都在40%以上,内脏粗脂肪中的饱和脂肪酸含量较头部和肌肉中的含量高;多不饱和脂肪酸含量差异较大,粗脂肪含量较高的鱼中多不饱和脂肪酸的含量较低;不同鱼种不同部位的粗脂肪中EPA、DHA含量有所差异。蓝圆鲹的头部粗脂肪中DHA和EPA最高,含量达到28.4%,而双带海鲱鲤内脏粗脂肪中的EPA和DHA含量仅为7.26%。  相似文献   

6.
对丁鱥不同生长阶段鱼体肌肉中脂肪酸组成及微量营养元索含量进行了比较。结果表明：丁鱥不同生长阶段肌肉中的脂肪酸含量及组成有明显差异。脂肪酸总量、不饱和脂肪酸总量和饱和脂肪酸总量，亲鱼均高于幼鱼和成鱼，成鱼均高于幼鱼；不饱和脂肪酸／饱和脂肪酸总量，成鱼和亲鱼均高于幼鱼；同时，成鱼和亲鱼肌肉中高度不饱和脂肪酸花生三烯酸、花生四烯酸、二十二碳五烯酸和EPA、DHA含量明显高于幼鱼肌肉。成鱼和亲鱼肌肉中微量营养元素Fe和Mn含量显著低于幼鱼（P〈0．05）；亲鱼肌肉中Zn含量显著低于成鱼和幼鱼（P（0．05），成鱼显著高于幼鱼（P（0．05）；亲鱼肌肉中Cu含量显著低于成鱼和幼鱼（P〈0．05）。  相似文献   

7.
半滑舌鳎不同家系肌肉中脂肪酸含量的分析   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  
为了研究半滑舌鳎(Cynoglossus semilaevis)不同家系肌肉中脂肪酸的组成与含量,并选育出高营养品系的半滑舌鳎家系,用气相色谱法对同一养殖环境中的半滑舌鳎15个不同家系(164个样本)肌肉中的脂肪酸的组成和含量进行了检测和比较分析,同时对高EPA、DHA、EPA+DHA含量的家系进行筛选,并研究了半滑舌鳎性别与EPA、DHA含量的关系。结果表明:(1)15个家系肌肉中脂肪酸种类没有区别,但脂肪酸的组成和含量存在若干差异。其特征均为多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)饱和脂肪酸(SFA)单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)。PUFA以ω-3系脂肪酸为主,且ω-3系脂肪酸与ω-6系脂肪酸比值达到4.16~5.03,其中的2种重要ω-3系脂肪酸EPA和DHA在15个家系中均具有显著性差异,且DHA含量远大于EPA含量;筛选出了3个高EPA、DHA、EPA+DHA含量家系,分别为F13012、F13023及F13031。(2)EPA的含量与半滑舌鳎性别不具有显著性相关关系。本研究对于选育半滑舌鳎优良品种家系具有重要意义。  相似文献   

8.
褐牙鲆亲鱼野生群体与养殖群体维生素A、C、E含量的比较   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
为探讨养殖褐牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)亲鱼后代较野生亲鱼后代质量下降这一问题,本实验分析了野生与人工养殖(包括营养强化处理)褐牙鲆亲鱼肌肉、肝脏及卵中维生素A、维生素C、维生素E含量的差异,并进行了养殖褐牙鲆维生素营养强化的探索实验.结果显示,野生与养殖亲鱼肌肉和肝脏中维生素A含量无显著差异,野生亲鱼卵中维生索A含最显著高于养殖亲鱼(P<0.05);野生亲鱼肝脏和卵中维生素C含量显著高于养殖亲鱼(P<0.05),肌肉中两者无显著差异(P>0.05);维生素E含量在野生和养殖亲鱼各组织内均有显著差异(P<0.05),仅肝脏中养殖亲鱼显著低于野生亲鱼(P<0.05),其余组织均为养殖亲鱼较高.在本实验中,营养强化显著增加了养殖亲鱼肌肉和肝脏维生素A、维生素C及卵和肝脏中维生素E的含量,但对卵中维生素A和C的含量均无显著影响(p>0.05),而肌肉中维生素E含量则显著降低(P<0.05).上述结果表明,养殖与野生褐牙鲆亲鱼卵中维生素A、C、E含量存在一定的差异,可能与养殖褐牙鲆亲鱼后代质量下降有关,本实验所采用的营养强化方法仅增加了养殖亲鱼卵中维生素E的含量,而对卵中维生素A和维生素C的含量无显著影响,更为有效的强化方式有待进一步研究.  相似文献   

9.
饥饿对斜带石斑鱼肝脏和肌肉脂肪酸组成的影响   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  
在室外水泥池(4m×1.5m×1m)进行石斑鱼(62.3±0.6g)的饥饿实验,每池放养35尾,设3个重复,实验时间分别为0、1、2、3和4周。随着饥饿时间的延长,体重减轻,肥满度和肝体比显著降低;肌肉水分显著增加而蛋白质含量显著下降(P<0.05),脂肪含量在第1周下降后基本保持稳定。肝脏饱和脂肪酸在饥饿前3周基本保持不变,第4周显著下降。单不饱和脂肪酸在饥饿第1周保持不变,然后呈下降趋势。多不饱和脂肪酸和高不饱和脂肪酸的总和随着饥饿时间的延长,含量显著增加。与肝脏相比,肌肉中脂肪酸变化程度较小。随着饥饿时间的延长,肌肉中140减少而205增加。饥饿使肌肉中DHA/EPA比率呈下降趋势,但肝脏DHA/EPA比率显著上升;肌肉和肝脏中DHA EPA的百分比都随饥饿时间的延长而显著上升。  相似文献   

10.
褐牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)为东亚地区重要的海水养殖鱼类,在中国、日本和韩国海水养殖业中占有重要的地位.目前,褐牙鲆经过连续多代缺乏选择的人工繁育和养殖,造成养殖群体种质发生退化,生长速度和抗逆性下降,极大制约了牙鲆养殖业发展.以选育生长迅速、抗逆性强、饵料转化率高的牙鲆类养殖新品种为目的,作者对褐牙鲆(♀)×犬齿牙鲆(Paralichthys dentatus)(♂)的杂交育种进行了研究.本实验对褐牙鲆(♀)×犬齿牙鲆(♂)杂交F1及其亲本肌肉营养成分进行测定.结果显示,杂交F1含水率显著低于双亲(P＜0.05),粗蛋白含量显著高于双亲(P＜0.05),粗脂肪含量介于二者之间;杂交F1的氨基酸总量、必需氨基酸、非必需氨基酸、半必需氨基酸与鲜味氨基酸总量都显著高于褐牙鲆与犬齿牙鲆(P＜0.05);脂肪酸含量方面,脂肪酸总量、不饱和脂肪酸总量3种鱼由高到低排列顺序为褐牙鲆、犬齿牙鲆、杂交F1,三者饱和脂肪酸总量差异不显著(P＜0.05).对3种鱼肌肉的营养品质进行了评价,杂交F1的必需氨基酸指数EAAI(90.30)明显高于褐牙鲆(77.75)与犬齿牙鲆(79.34),在蛋白质品质上表现出一定杂种优势.上述结果表明,杂交F1的肌肉具有蛋白和氨基酸含量较高、脂肪酸含量较低的特点.  相似文献   

11.
Abstract:   The total lipid content and fatty acid composition were determined in the flesh and skin of wild and cultured rainbow trout in Turkey. The effect of diet content was also investigated on cultured trout. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used for fatty acid analyses. Total lipid content of skin was higher than flesh in both types and when compared appreciably higher in cultured fish. The predominant fatty acid was palmitic acid (C16:0) in saturated fatty acids and oleic acid (C18:1n-9) in monounsaturated fatty acids. The amount of eicosapentaenoic acid was double in wild and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) 1.5 times higher in cultured fish flesh. The n-3/n-6 ratio was higher in cultured fish than wild fish. The levels of palmitic, oleic, linoleic (C18:2n-6) and palmitoleic (C16:1n-7) acids were high in skin. The level of EPA was the same in skin of wild fish but 5.5 times higher in cultured fish, whereas the proportion of DHA in skin was lower for wild and 3.5 times higher in cultured fish. Wild fish had a high level of linoleic, arachidonic (C20:4n-6) and linolenic (C18:3n-3) acids. The total amount of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids was higher in flesh of wild fish than cultured fish, contrary to skin of cultured fish. The data obtained demonstrated that fatty acid composition of cultured fish did not depend on that of feed.  相似文献   

12.
The effects of different lipids on tissue fatty acid profile and reproductive performance in female rice field eel were investigated in this study. Virgin female eels were fed with six diets containing different lipids (diets FO, LO, SO, PO and PL with fish oil, linseed oil, soybean oil, peanut oil and pork lard, respectively; diet APO with arachidonic acid and peanut oil). The results showed that there were positive correlations between the contents of 18:2n-6, 18:3n-3, arachidonic acid (ARA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in the tissues of eels and those of the corresponding fatty acids in their diets. The specific growth rate of eels fed with diet PO was the lowest and significantly lower than that of FO and SO. Gonad of eels fed with diets PO and PL showed hypogonadism. The long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) can be synthesized by eels, but the quantity was not enough to meet their reproduction requirement completely. The fatty acid desaturation, rather than elongation probably was one of the limiting factors. Addition of proper amount of ARA in diet was favorable to the increase of the hatching rate of fertilized eggs, while EPA and DHA in diet were beneficial to the increase of the survival rate of larva. Both n-3PUFA and a suitable n-6/n-3PUFA ratio were necessary for growth and reproduction of eels.  相似文献   

13.
以18日龄的牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)稚鱼为研究对象,通过11 d 的生长实验,研究了添加不同比例的微藻粉替代鱼油对牙鲆稚鱼生长、存活率和脂肪酸组成的影响。以鱼油组(FO)为对照组,以裂壶藻粉(Schizochytrium sp.)、微绿球藻粉(Nannochloropsis sp.)和橄榄油替代不同比例的鱼油,配制成5组等氮等能的实验饲料,分别命名为鱼油组(FO),50%混合替代组(M50)、100%混合替代组(M100)、100%裂壶藻橄榄油替代组(S100)、100%微绿球藻橄榄油替代组(N100)。结果显示,微藻粉替代鱼油对牙鲆稚鱼的生长无显著影响;含有裂壶藻的各饲料组(M50、M100、S100)成活率显著高于 FO 组和 N100组(P?0.05);微藻粉替代鱼油不影响牙鲆稚鱼主要脂肪酸的组成;Person相关性分析发现,C14：0、C16：1n-7、C18：2n-6、C20：0、C18：3n-3、C22：0、C20：4n-3、EPA、C22：5n-6和 DHA 的百分含量均与其饲料中的百分含量呈显著正相关(P<0.05);总饱和脂肪酸、总单不饱和脂肪酸、n-3多不饱和脂肪酸的百分含量以及 DHA/EPA 比率均与其饲料组成表现出显著正相关(P<0.05)。综上所述,微藻作为脂肪源替代鱼油完全可以满足牙鲆稚鱼的生长和发育,各种脂肪酸均可以被牙鲆稚鱼充分消化和吸收,并且添加两种微藻后提高了稚鱼的 DHA 含量和 DHA/EPA 比率,与鱼油对照组相比显著提高了牙鲆稚鱼的成活率。因此,以微藻替代鱼油在牙鲆稚鱼的培育中是可行的。  相似文献   

14.
Replacement of fish oil with sustainable alternatives, such as vegetable oil, in aquaculture diets has to be achieved without compromising the nutritional quality, in terms of n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acid (HUFA) content, of the product. This may be possible if the level of replacement is not too high and oil blends are chosen carefully but, if high levels of fish oil are substituted, a fish oil finishing diet prior to harvest would be required to restore n-3HUFA. However, a decontaminated fish oil would be required to avoid increasing undesirable contaminants. Here we test the hypotheses that blending of rapeseed and soybean oils with southern hemisphere fish oil will have a low impact upon tissue n-3HUFA levels, and that decontamination of fish oil will have no major effect on the nutritional quality of fish oil as a feed ingredient for Atlantic salmon. Salmon (initial weight ~ 0.8 kg) were fed for 10 weeks with diets in which 60% of fish oil was replaced with blends of soybean, rapeseed and southern hemisphere fish oil (SVO) or 100% decontaminated northern fish oil (DFO) in comparison with a standard northern fish oil diet (FO). Decontamination of the oil was a two-step procedure that included treatment with activated carbon followed by thin film deodorisation. Growth performance and feed efficiency were unaffected by either the SVO or DFO diets despite these having lower gross nutrient and fatty acid digestibilities than the FO diet. There were also no effects on the gross composition of the fish. Liver and, to a lesser extent flesh, lipid levels were lower in fish fed the SVO blends, due to lower proportions of neutral lipids, specifically triacylglycerol. Tissue lipid levels were not affected in fish fed the DFO diet. Reflecting the diet, flesh eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and total n-3 fatty acids were higher, and 18:1n-9 lower, in fish fed DFO than FO, whereas there were no differences in liver fatty acid compositions. Flesh EPA levels were only slightly reduced from about 6% to 5% although docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was reduced more severely from around 13% to about 7% in fish fed the SVO diets. In contrast, the liver fatty acid compositions showed higher levels of n-3 HUFA, with DHA only reduced from 21% to about 18% and EPA increased from under 8% to 9–10% in fish fed the SVO diets. The evidence suggested that increased liver EPA (and arachidonic acid) was not simply retention, but also conversion of dietary 18:3n-3 and 18:2n-6. Increased HUFA synthesis was supported by increased hepatic expression of fatty acyl desaturases in fish fed the SVO diets. Flesh n-3HUFA levels and desaturase expression was significantly higher in fish fed soybean oil than in fish fed rapeseed oil. In conclusion, partial replacement of fish oil with blends of vegetable oils and southern hemisphere fish oil had minimal impact on HUFA levels in liver, but a greater effect on flesh HUFA levels. Despite lower apparent digestibility, decontamination of fish oil did not significantly impact its nutritional quality for salmon.  相似文献   

15.
Inconclusive results on the effect of farming on fatty acid composition of fish prevent the application of this possible variable in studies related to human health and environmental policies. The current meta-analysis used results from 39 studies to produce compelling quantitative results on differences in fatty acid components related to human health between farmed and wild fish. With seawater fish, mean effect sizes (Hedges' d) for differences in contents of EPA + DHA, total n-3 fatty acids, and the n-3:n-6 ratio were virtually zero. However, farmed freshwater fish showed a lower total n-3 fatty acid content than their wild counterparts.  相似文献   

16.
Eight purified diets were fed to juvenile white sturgeon, Acipenser transmontanus Rick, for 9 weeks to investigate the effect of dietary lipids on the fatty acid composition of phospholipids and triglycerides from muscle, liver and brain. The diets contained 150 g kg?1 of oils from canola, corn, cod liver, lard, linseed, soybean, safflower, or a control mixture (corn oil/cod liver oil/lard, 1:1:1, by wt). Dietary lipids significantly (P≤ 05) affected the composition of tissue triglycerides and phospholipids. Tissue triglyceride fatty acid composition ranged widely, in parallel with the dietary lipids, while phospholipids changes were more conservative. Brain phospholipid fatty acid composition was less responsive to diet compared with that in muscle and liver. Considerable amounts of n-6 and n-3 long chain polyun-saturated fatty acids (> C20) were found in triglycerides and phospholipids with all diets, demonstrating that white sturgeon can desaturate and elongate linoleic acid (18:2n–6) and linolenic acid (18:3n–3). Further, the products of the Δ6 desaturase, i.e. 18:3 n–6 and 18:4n–3, were relatively abundant in triglyceride, suggesting that the Δ6 desaturase might not be a limiting step in the process in white sturgeon. Nevertheless, accumulation of both EPA and DHA was greater in the sturgeon fed fish oil than those fed linseed oil, indicating that muscle triglyceride EPA and DHA levels are best enhanced by diets rich in preformed EPA and DHA.  相似文献   

17.
A 10‐week feeding experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary DHA/EPA ratio on juvenile Japanese seabass reared in sea floating cages. Six practical diets were formulated differing only in DHA/EPA ratio: 0.55 (Diet D/E0.55), 1.04 (D/E1.04), 1.53 (D/E1.53), 2.08 (D/E2.08), 2.44 (D/E2.44) and 2.93 (D/E2.93). All diets had the same contents of total n‐3 long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC‐PUFA) and arachidonic acid (ARA). The results showed that the final weight and specific growth rate significantly increased with increasing dietary DHA/EPA ratio from 0.55 to 2.08 and thereafter declined. Activities of lysozyme and superoxide dismutase in serum in groups with DHA/EPA of 1.53–2.93 was significantly higher compared to group D/E0.55 while the activity of serum alternative complement pathway in group D/E2.93 was significantly lower compared with group D/E1.53. However, no difference was observed in activities of both respiratory burst of head kidney macrophage and serum catalase among dietary treatments. The per cent survival after air exposure in group D/E1.53, D/E2.08 and D/E2.93 was significantly higher compared with group D/E0.55. The fatty acid composition of whole body and tissues reflected closely those of diets, while fish accumulated more DHA than EPA in fish tissues, especially in muscle. These results suggested that at the same dietary contents of n‐3 LC‐PUFA (appr. 18% of TFA) and ARA (appr. 0.7% of TFA), moderate dietary DHA/EPA ratios of 1.53–2.08 significantly enhanced growth performances, certain innate immune responses, and the stress tolerance of Japanese seabass, in accordance with the preferential incorporation of DHA into fish tissues.  相似文献   

18.
亚东鲑(Salmo trutta fario)是鲑属鱼类在青藏高原仅有的鱼类种群,是亚东地区全国农产品地理标志产品。本研究对西藏亚东地区野生和养殖亚东鲑的常规营养成分及各组织氨基酸和脂肪酸组成进行分析,旨在比较野生和养殖亚东鲑营养成分的异同,为养殖亚东鲑的品质评价和饲料配方的完善提供参考信息。实验采集亚东河中野生亚东鲑和亚东渔业产业园中使用配合饲料养殖的亚东鲑各10尾用于相关成分分析,每尾为一个独立样本。结果显示,野生组肥满度显著低于养殖组,而全鱼水分和灰分显著高于养殖组。全鱼粗蛋白、粗脂肪以及肝脏常规成分在野生组和养殖组间无显著差异。野生组肌肉粗脂肪显著低于养殖组,而水分含量显著高于养殖组。野生组全鱼必需氨基酸总量显著高于养殖组,且野生组肌肉中苏氨酸、缬氨酸、苯丙氨酸、赖氨酸和甘氨酸含量显著高于养殖组。野生组全鱼、肌肉和肝脏中饱和脂肪酸、n-3多不饱和脂肪酸(n-3 PUFA)总量、EPA、C20:4n-6以及肌肉中DHA含量高于养殖组,而全鱼和组织中单不饱和脂肪酸和n-6 PUFA总量低于养殖组。综上所述,目前养殖亚东鲑和野生亚东鲑在机体成分上存在较大差异。由于养殖鱼类体成分很大程度上反映了饲料组成,因此,亚东鲑养殖中饲料营养组成可能有待进一步优化。  相似文献   

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