共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
《农产品加工．学刊》2015,(21)
以脱胶后的四级稻米油为原料,在脱色的基础上利用分子蒸馏低温高真空二级分提游离脂肪酸,通过单因素和正交试验,优选出了最佳的二级分子蒸馏脱酸工艺条件。结果表明,蒸馏温度180℃,刮膜器转速420 r/min,物料速度40滴/min为最优的一级脱酸条件;蒸馏温度190℃,刮膜器转速420 r/min,物料速度40滴/min为最优的二级脱酸条件。在此条件下,可使油脂的酸值(KOH)小于0.15 mg/g,生产出的稻米油符合国家一级稻米油质量标准。 相似文献
2.
为了探究分子蒸馏技术纯化紫苏油α-亚麻酸的可行性,筛选紫苏油提取方法的基础上,考察了蒸馏温度、蒸馏压力、刮板转速和进料速度4个因素对分子蒸馏技术纯化α-亚麻酸效果的影响。结果表明,紫苏油最佳提取法为超临界CO2萃取法,α-亚麻酸纯化的首要影响因素是蒸馏温度,其次是蒸馏压力,再次是进料速度,最后是刮板转速。最佳纯化工艺：蒸馏温度220℃,蒸馏压力0.07 mbar,刮板转速375 r/min,进料速度1.0 d/min,该工艺条件下α-亚麻酸纯度达到97.42%。该方法有效提高了紫苏油α-亚麻酸的纯度,为高纯度α-亚麻酸的研究和利用奠定了理论基础。 相似文献
3.
以陈皮挥发油为研究对象,将其经过分子蒸馏拆分,得到不同馏分物,并分别对陈皮挥发油及所得馏分物进行气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)分析。分子蒸馏分为二级,一级条件为:蒸发温度(30±0.2)℃,真空度(0.5±0.1)k Pa,刮膜器转速150~160 r/min;二级条件为:蒸发温度(60±0.2)℃,真空度(0.5±0.1)k Pa,刮膜器转速200~210 r/min;两次进样温度25℃,冷凝管温度10℃。结果表明,陈皮挥发油经二级分子蒸馏后总回收率为98.80%,其中一级轻组分(DF1)回收率为40.20%,二级轻组分(DF2)回收率为58.06%,二级重组分(RF2)回收率为0.53%。陈皮挥发油和各馏分物经过GC-MS分析后,确定25种化合物,主要为右旋萜二烯、α-萜品烯、萜品油烯等,但陈皮挥发油及各馏分物成分种类及相对含量差异明显,说明分子蒸馏技术能有效对陈皮挥发油成分进行拆分,可用于陈皮等挥发油的加工利用。 相似文献
4.
以乙醇为提取溶剂,采用超声波辅助提取柚核中柠檬苦素,通过正交试验对提取工艺进行优化,并采用大孔吸附树脂纯化柠檬苦素。最佳提取条件为:料液比1∶10,超声时间30min,乙醇体积分数70%,超声提取2次。4020型大孔树脂分离纯化提取液的最佳工艺条件为:吸附流速1mL/min,体积分数70%的乙醇洗脱,解吸流速0.7mL/min,纯化后得到柠檬苦素的质量分数达83.77%。该工艺分离纯化效果好,成本低。 相似文献
5.
《农产品加工．学刊》2017,(19)
通过单因素试验和正交试验优化,建立了浙贝母花生物碱超临界萃取的工艺参数,确定了最佳萃取工艺条件。结果表明,生物碱超临界萃取的最佳工艺条件为萃取温度70℃,萃取压力35 MPa,萃取时间50 min,夹带剂流速0.15 mL/min,在此条件下总生物碱的理论提取率为3.52±0.15 mg/g。 相似文献
6.
以废次烟末为原料,采用分子蒸馏技术对其超临界CO2提取物的香味成分进行分离纯化研究,以纯化物得率和感官品质为评价指标,分别考查了蒸馏压力、蒸馏温度、进料速率对其影响,采用Box-Behnken响应面法对纯化工艺的关键参数进行优化。结果表明,蒸馏温度、蒸馏压力对得率和感官品质的影响显著,得到的最优纯化工艺条件为蒸馏温度61℃,蒸馏压力111 Pa,进料速率11 m L/min,得率为1.54%,感官品质最佳。 相似文献
7.
金婷 《农产品加工．学刊》2009,(6):63-65
大蒜精油具有多方面的药用价值和保健作用,因此已经成为国内外竞相研究的热点课题。该研究从影响蒸馏前蒜氨酸酶活性的酶解条件入手,探究大蒜精油提取率的最佳工艺条件,得出最佳的工艺条件是酶解时间2．5h、酶解温度55℃、pH值6．6、蒸馏时间45min、蒸馏电压120V。实验结果表明,良好的酶控条件可以大大提高大蒜精油的产出率,最高可达0．57％。 相似文献
8.
9.
柚皮柠檬苦素的提取及其杀虫活性研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
为了探究柚皮中柠檬苦素的最佳提取工艺及其杀虫活性,采用正交试验对柚皮中柠檬苦素的提取工艺进行优化,利用得到的柠檬苦素对夹竹桃蚜虫、吹绵蚧和菜蝽喷雾进行杀虫试验。结果表明：超声波提取法、二氯甲烷和丙酮水浴提取法从10 g柚皮中提取到的柠檬苦素分别是0.9700、1.5860、1.6000 g;二氯甲烷水浴提取法对柚皮中的柠檬苦素提取率为6.08%。10 mg/mL的柠檬苦素能将供试害虫全部杀死,0.625 mg/mL的柠檬苦素依然有较高的杀虫活性。回流法提取柚子皮中的柠檬苦素时,最佳提取工艺是：二氯甲烷为提取溶剂,液料比为1:12,回流提取2次,每次2 h,温度50℃;得到的柠檬苦素对3种供试害虫有较强的杀虫活性。 相似文献
10.
超声波辅助提取沙田柚种籽油工艺优化研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
为了优化超声波提取沙田柚种籽油的工艺参数。在单因素试验基础上,通过采用响应面法,对超声波辅助时间、液料比、超声波功率比和温度进行了优化。结果表明,最佳工艺参数为：提取溶剂为异丙醇、时间为40 min、超声波功率比为73.77%、液料比为5.9:1(mL/g)、提取温度为47.39℃。在此最佳工艺参数下,沙田柚种籽油的提取率达38.82%。 相似文献
11.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
12.
G. H. Kroon 《Euphytica》1994,76(1-2):125-125
Summary
K x vadensis is a hybrid of K. blossfeldiana and K. marmorata obtained after doubling the number of chromosomes. 相似文献
13.
Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
14.
Summary Avoidance of rust fungi that was based on poor appressorium induction was previously found in Hordeum chilense. In the present study 95 accessions of Triticeae were screened for avoidance of Puccinia hordei. The percentage of appressorium formation per germinated spore ranged from 6 to 90%. On none of the 41 accessions of Aegilops, Agropyron, Elymus, Secale, Thinopyrum or Triticum studied was the rate of appressorium formation lower than 25%. Lower rates of appressorium formation were, however, found on accessions of wild barley species Hordeum brachyantherum, H. marinum, H. parodii and H. secalinum. Its implications in cereal breeding are discussed. 相似文献
15.
D. A. Bond G. J. Jellis G. G. Rowland J. Le Guen L. D. Robertson S. A. Khalil L. Li-Juan 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):151-166
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses. 相似文献
16.
Chunli TANG Fengxian ZHAO Hongxia CHEN Jiabao MA Jiangcun WEI Meiyan QIU Zhen XIE 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):60-65
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination... 相似文献
17.
E. Keep 《Euphytica》1986,35(3):843-855
Summary Cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) is described in the F1 hybrids Ribes × carrierei (R. glutinosum albidum × R. nigrum) and R. sanguineum × R. nigrum. In backcrosses to R. nigrum, progenies with R. glutinosum cytoplasm were either all male sterile, or segregated for full male fertility (F) and complete (S) and partial (I) male sterility. Ratios of F:I+S suggested that two linked genes controlled cms, F plants being dominant for one (Rf
1) and recessive for the other (Rf
2).Segregation for cms in relation to three linded genes, Ce (resistance to the gall mite, Cecidophyopsis ribes), Sph
3(resistance to American gooseberry mildew, Sphaerotheca mors-uvae) and Lf
1(one of two dominant additive genes controlling early season leafing out) indicated that Rf
1and Rf
2were in this linkage group. The gene order and approximate crossover values appeared to be: % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqef0uAJj3BZ9Mz0bYu% H52CGmvzYLMzaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqr1ngBPrgifHhDYfgasa% acOqpw0xe9v8qqaqFD0xXdHaVhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8Wq% Ffea0-yr0RYxir-Jbba9q8aq0-yq-He9q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dme% aabaqaciGacaGaamqadaabaeaafaaakeaacaWGdbGaamyzamaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGWaGaaiOlaiaacgdacaGG0aGaaiiiaiaacc% caaaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaamOuaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaaccdacaGGUaGaaiOmaiaacs% dacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaaaacaWGsbGaamOzaSGa% aGOmaOWaaWaaaeaacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccaaaGaamitaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaaaaiaadofacaWGWbGaamiAaSGa% aG4maaaa!6E4D!\[Ce\underline { 0.14 } Rf1\underline { 0.24 } Rf2\underline { } Lf1\underline { } Sph3\]. Crossover values of 0.36 for Ce-Lf
1, and 0.15 for Lf
1-Sph
3were estimated from the relative mean differences in season of leafing out between seedlings dominant and recessive for Ce and Sph
3.It is suggested that competitive disadvantage of lf
1-carrying gametes and/or zygotes at low temperatures may be implicated in the almost invariable deficit of plants dominant for the closely linked mildew resistance allele Sph
3. Poor performance of lf
1- (and possibly lf
2-) carrying gametes and young zygotes during periods of low temperature at flowering might also account for the liability of some late season cultivars and selections to premature fruit drop (running off). 相似文献
18.
[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and ortho... 相似文献
19.
Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed. 相似文献
20.
Parasitic angiosperms cause great losses in many important crops under different climatic conditions and soil types. The most widespread and important parasitic angiosperms belong to the genera Orobanche, Striga, and Cuscuta. The most important economical hosts belong to the Poaceae, Asteraceae, Solanaceae, Cucurbitaceae, and Fabaceae. Although some resistant cultivars have been identified in several crops, great gaps exist in our knowledge of the parasites and the genetic basis of the resistance, as well as the availability of in vitro screening techniques. Screening techniques are based on reactions of the host root or foliage. In vitro or greenhouse screening methods based on the reaction of root and/or foliar tissues are usually superior to field screenings and can be used with many species. To utilize them in plant breeding, it is necessary to demonstrate a strong correlation between in vitro and field data. The correlation should be calculated for every environment in which selection is practiced. Using biochemical analysis as a screening technique has had limited success. The reason seems to be the complex host-parasite interactions which lead to germination, rhizotropism, infection, and growth of the parasite. Germination results from chemicals produced by the host. Resistance is only available in a small group of crops. Resistance has been found in cultivated, primitive and wild forms, depending on the specific host-parasite system. An additional problem is the existence of pathotypes in the parasites. Inheritance of host resistance is usually polygenic and its transfer is slow and tedious. Molecular techniques have yet to be used to locate resistance to parasitic angiosperms. While intensifying the search for genes that control resistance to specific parasitic angiosperms, the best strategy to screen for resistance is to improve the already existing in vitro or greenhouse screening techniques. 相似文献