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为建立一种快速检测番茄斑萎病毒(Tomato spotted wilt virus,TSWV)的方法,以TSWV-CP1/TSWV-CP2为引物对TSWV的N基因进行PCR扩增及序列测定,在TSWV N基因的高度保守区设计特异性扩增引物NA-P1/NA-P2进行核酸序列依赖性扩增(NASBA)反应,并对NASBA方法的特异性和灵敏度进行验证。结果表明,建立的NASBA方法最佳反应时间为1.5 h。该方法特异性较好,只有TSWV阳性样品中出现了预期大小为235 bp的扩增产物,与烟草环斑病毒(Tobacco ring spot virus,TRSV)、番茄黑环病毒(Tomato black ring virus,TBRV)、黄瓜花叶病毒(Cucumber mosaic virus,CMV)、番茄花叶病毒(Tomato mosaic virus,ToMV)、番茄黄化曲叶病毒(Tomato yellow curl virus,ToYCLV)无交叉反应。灵敏度验证中,实时荧光RT-PCR的灵敏度最高,为1.56×10~(-5)ng/μL感病植物RNA模板,NASBA次之,为1.56×10~(-4)ng/μL,普通RT-PCR最低,为1.56×10~(-3)ng/μL。在对9份实际样品检测中,NASBA的阳性检出率与实时荧光RT-PCR、普通RT-PCR相同,均为33%,高于ELISA检测的22%。表明NASBA方法适用于实际样品检测,可对TSWV进行快速检测。 相似文献
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大麦条纹花叶病毒Barley stripe mosaic virus（BSMV）是我国进境植物检疫性有害生物。为提高大麦条纹花叶病毒检测的灵敏度和特异性,缩短检测周期,根据该病毒不同分离株外壳蛋白（coat protein, CP）基因的保守序列设计特异性的引物和探针,建立了BSMV的实时荧光RT-PCR检测方法。结果表明,本检测方法特异性强,对南方菜豆花叶病毒Southern bean mosaic virus（SBMV）、小麦线条花叶病毒Wheat streak mosaic virus（WSMV）、玉米褪绿斑驳病毒Maize chlorotic mottle virus（MCMV）、烟草环斑病毒Tobacco ringspot virus（TRSV）、菜豆荚斑驳病毒Bean pod mottle virus（BPMV）和番茄环斑病毒Tomato ringspot virus（ToRSV）6种病毒均无交叉扩增;且检测方法灵敏度高,对RNA模板的最低检测限达到5×10-4 ng/μL,与双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附法（DAS-ELISA）和普通RT-PCR相比,本方法的灵敏度分别提高了10倍和100倍。此外,我们利用该方法对12批进口大麦进行检测,发现6批大麦中检出大麦条纹花叶病毒,占比约50%。总之,本研究建立的荧光定量PCR方法具有灵敏度高、特异性强等优点,适合于BSMV的快速检测。 相似文献
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本研究在我国主要冬瓜产区采集具有典型病毒病症状的病叶材料105份,根据葫芦科作物上常见的5种病毒病原的CP基因设计特异性引物,对105份待检冬瓜材料进行RT-PCR检测。检测结果表明:5对特异引物可分别在105份待检材料的95份中检测到小西葫芦黄花叶病毒(Zucchini yellow mosaic virus,ZYMV)、西瓜花叶病毒(Watermelon mosaic virus,WMV)、黄瓜花叶病毒(Cucumber mosaic virus,CMV)、番木瓜环斑病毒(Papaya ringspot virus,PRSV)4种病毒,未检测到南瓜花叶病毒(Squash mosaic virus,SqMV);并且发现不同的冬瓜主产区致病的病毒种类有较大差异;同时还发现,在这些待检样品中4种病毒复合侵染现象较普遍,其中以PRSV与WMV组合最常见,占复合侵染现象的31.25%;未发现有4种病毒复合侵染。 相似文献
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番茄斑驳花叶病毒（tomato mottle mosaic virus,ToMMV）为近年来发现的一种烟草花叶病毒属新成员,是茄科作物上危害严重的主要病毒之一,近几年EPPO全球数据库报道多个国家从进境辣椒和番茄种子中截获该病毒。为防止番茄斑驳花叶病毒通过种子种苗进行传播扩散,本文根据该病毒GenBank中不同分离株外壳蛋白（coat protein,CP）基因保守序列设计特异性引物和探针,建立了TaqMan探针法实时荧光定量RT-PCR检测ToMMV的方法。结果表明,本检测方法特异性强,对烟草花叶病毒（tobacco mosaic virus,TMV）、番茄花叶病毒（tomato mosaic virus,ToMV）、番茄褐色皱果病毒（tomato brown rugose fruit virus,ToBRFV）、黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒（cucumber green mottle mosaic virus,CGMMV）、辣椒轻斑驳病毒（pepper mild mottle virus,PMMoV）、番茄环斑病毒（tomato ringspot virus,TomRSV）6种病毒均无交叉反... 相似文献
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根据建兰花叶病毒(Cymbidium mosaic virus,Cy MV)和齿兰环斑病毒(Odontoglossum ringspot virus,ORSV)两种主要兰花病毒的保守序列设计特异性引物,建立了二温式多重RT-PCR同时检测两种病毒的检测方法。用该方法对感染两种病毒的植株总RNA模板进行扩增,结果同时得到2条大小与实验设计相符的769bp(Cy MV)、1000bp(ORSV)的特异性扩增带。用该方法对随机抽取的39个蝴蝶兰样品进行检测,结果11个样品检测出Cy MV,阳性率28.2%;24个样品检测出ORSV,阳性率61.5%;6个样品同时检测出两种病毒。 相似文献
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为建立番茄褐色皱果病毒(tomato brown rugose fruit virus, ToBRFV)TaqMan荧光定量RT-PCR方法，本研究针对ToBRFV RNA依赖的RNA聚合酶(RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, RdRP)基因序列设计了4组特异性引物和TaqMan探针，构建了标准曲线，并对该方法的特异性、灵敏度和实际样品的检测效率进行评估。结果显示，该方法特异性强，与番茄花叶病毒、番茄斑驳花叶病毒、烟草花叶病毒、黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒、番茄环斑病毒、番茄黑环病毒、辣椒轻斑驳病毒、烟草环斑病毒和凤果花叶病毒等9种病毒均无交叉反应。建立的标准曲线的R2为0.999,扩增效率为102.096%,检测灵敏度为10 fg/μL,与EPPO PM 7/146(1)推荐的CaTa28、CSP1325方法相当，是常规RT-PCR的100倍；采用该方法成功从60份番茄和辣椒叶片、种子样品中检出10份阳性样品。建立的TaqMan荧光定量RT-PCR方法特异性强、灵敏度高，适用于实际样品中ToBRFV的快速精准检测。 相似文献
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Christopher D. Keating Lindy M. Holden-Dye Robert J. Walker 《Pest management science》1996,46(3):263-266
The neuropeptide AF2 has a complex set of actions on the dorsal muscle strip of Ascaris suum, including a potentiation of the acetylcholine-stimulated muscle contraction. Caffeine at 100 μm and 5 mm inhibited this potentiation, as did 100 μm theophylline in two out of six studies. The cyclic-AMP-potentiating compounds IBMX, dibutyryl cAMP and forskolin had no effect on the AF2-induced potentiation of the acetylcholine-stimulated muscle contraction. These preliminary data suggest that the potentiating action of AF2 is not mediated by a cAMP pathway. 相似文献
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Effects of timing and method of application of Penicillium oxalicum on efficacy and duration of control of Fusarium wilt of tomato 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
The effects of timing and method of application of Penicillium oxalicum on the control of fusarium wilt of tomato were investigated. Application of P. oxalicum to tomato seedlings in seedbeds reduced disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici in a growth chamber by 45–49% and in glasshouse experiments by 22–69%. Disease suppression was maintained for 60–100 days after inoculation with the pathogen in the glasshouse. No disease reduction was observed in tomato plants where P. oxalicum was applied to seeds. Treatment with P. oxalicum did not affect the population of F. oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici in the rhizosphere. 相似文献
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棉花黄萎病菌致病型的AFLP分析 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
选用41个棉花黄萎病菌(Verticillium dahliae)代表菌系,在温室条件下,对4个棉花品种鄂荆1号(感)、中棉所12(耐)、文-5(抗)和唐棉2号(抗)进行致病性测定,结果可将供试菌系分为落叶型与非落叶型2类。选取8对AFLP引物PCR扩增的结果中,统计带型稳定、清晰且有多态性的条带,共169条作系统聚类分析,将上述菌系分为2大类,第一类为非落叶型菌系,包括10个非落叶型菌系和1个过渡菌系;第二类为30个落叶型菌系。根据聚类分析建立树状图,发现菌系与地理来源存在一定的相关性,而依据菌系致病力强弱分类则相关关系不大。选用25对EcoRⅠ和MseⅠ引物组合,对供试的41个V.dahliae进行AFLP扩增,筛选到2对引物E64(GACTGCGTACCAATTCGAC)、M53(GATGAGTCCTGAGTAACCG)和E49(GACTGCGTACCAATTCCAG)、M65(GAT-GAGTCCTGAGTAAGAG),能分别扩增出433bp和110bp2条仅为V.dahliae非落叶型菌系独有的特异片段,可将落叶型与非落叶型菌系分开,这2条特异片段被命名为EM433和EM110。 相似文献
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The mode of action of the 2,4-diphenyl-1,3-oxazoline acaricide/insecticide etoxazole has been argued to be moulting inhibition, but experimental results supporting this hypothesis are lacking. This study investigated the effect of etoxazole on chitin biosynthesis in the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Etoxazole induced moulting defects in fall armyworm larvae similar, if not identical, to those caused by benzoylphenylureas, a well-known class of insecticidal chitin biosynthesis inhibitors. Furthermore, in contrast to untreated larvae, the chitin content in the integuments of larvae several days after treatment did not differ from that in freshly ecdysed individuals, thus suggesting strong chitin biosynthesis inhibition in vivo. A more detailed investigation of the inhibitory potential by incubating cultured integument pieces from larvae of S. frugiperda with [14C]N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, a radiolabelled chitin precursor, revealed I50 values of 2.95 and 0.071 microM for etoxazole and triflumuron respectively. The incorporation of radiolabel into potassium hydroxide-resistant material was inhibited by etoxazole in a dose-dependent manner. Based on these results, it is concluded that the acaricidal and insecticidal mode of action of etoxazole is chitin biosynthesis inhibition. 相似文献
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为了研究青稞种子外部和内部携带真菌情况,比较不同杀菌剂对青稞种子的带菌消毒效果和对幼苗生长的影响,为青稞种子播前包衣处理和种传真菌病害防控提供依据,采用离体平皿法对云南迪庆‘云青1号’、‘云青2号’和‘短白青稞’3个主栽品种进行带菌检测,并对种子进行拌种或浸种处理测定6种杀菌剂对种子消毒效果,分析杀菌剂对种子发芽和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:供试青稞种子表面携带的优势菌群为青霉(Penicilliumspp.)、镰刀菌(Fusariumspp.);种子内部寄藏的真菌主要为镰刀菌、核腔菌(Pyrenophoraspp.)、附球菌(Epicoccumspp.)、丝核菌(Rhizoctoniaspp.)、链格孢(Alternariaspp.)和木霉(Trichoderma spp.)。青稞不同品种的种子表面及内部携带的真菌种类差异较大。致病性测定表明,镰刀菌对种子萌发和幼苗生长影响最大,后期出现幼苗坏死现象。45%咪鲜胺EW、75%百菌清WP、50%福美双WP对青稞种子携带真菌均有显著抑制作用和消毒效果,50%福美双WP消毒效果最优,达100%;45%咪鲜胺EW、75%百菌清WP、50%福美双WP处理对青稞种子发芽和幼苗生长均无显著影响。 相似文献
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调查了甘肃省临洮县为害百合的地下害虫种类, 并以主要发生为害种类为供试对象, 采用拌土法测定了几种生物（源）农药对主要害虫的室内毒力和致死中时。调查发现小云斑鳃金龟Polyphylla gracilicornis、棕色鳃金龟Holotrichia titanis为主要发生及为害种类, 不同时间发生种类存在差异, 9月份以小云斑鳃金龟幼虫发生为害为主, 发生量占地下害虫总数的66.16%, 平均种群密度为10.48头/m2, 10月份, 则以棕色鳃金龟幼虫发生为主, 发生量占地下害虫总数的96.86%, 平均种群密度为7.79头/m2, 主要取食百合根系和鳞茎, 造成根系数量减少, 鳞茎出现不规则褐色缺口或凹陷斑。药剂筛选结果表明, 1.8%阿维菌素乳油、200亿孢子/g球孢白僵菌粉剂对两种蛴螬均具有较高的杀虫活性和速效性, 药后7 d时, 校正死亡率在82.22%以上, 对小云斑鳃金龟幼虫和棕色鳃金龟幼虫的LC50分别为0.161、0.060 mg/g和5.558×107、0.362×107孢子/g, LT50分别为2.237 d（2.2 mg/g）、1.393 d（2.2 mg/g）和6.645 d（40.0×107孢子/g）、4.940 d（2.0×107孢子/g）, 这两种生物（源）农药对两种蛴螬的LC50和LT50值均略大于两种化学农药25%二嗪磷乳油、40%辛硫磷乳油处理的, 且对小云斑鳃金龟幼虫的杀虫活性均低于对棕色鳃金龟幼虫的杀虫活性, 致死中时则长于对棕色鳃金龟幼虫的致死中时。 相似文献
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Sj J. Gerbrandy 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1992,98(5):269-276
The variability of dormancy of sclerotia of ten isolates ofSclerotium cepivorum was investigated. Of all isolates tested, the freshly harvested sclerotia were dormant. After drying for 48 hours the sclerotia of six isolates were able to germinate, two isolates stayed dormant and two isolates were infested by hyperparasitic fungi. After storage in soil at 5°C or 20°C, the sclerotia of the different isolates exhibited considerable differences in respect to germination capability, but all isolates showed highest germination after a treatment of 8 weeks at 20°C followed by 8 weeks at 5°C. The sclerotia of all isolates showed an increased capacity to germinate withoutAllium extracts at 10°C after pretreatment at 30°C for 28 days. 相似文献
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Zahida Iqbal Syuntaro Hiradate Akio Noda Sei-Ichi Isojima Yoshiharu Fujii 《Weed Biology and Management》2002,2(2):110-115
The allelopathic potential of buckwheat ( Fagopyrum esculentum ) was investigated. Field study showed that living buckwheat reduced weed biomass compared with plots without buckwheat. Laboratory study revealed that root exudates suppressed root and shoot growth of weeds and reduced weed dry weight. Sequential partitioning of the aqueous ethanolic extract of the aerial parts of buckwheat showed that the chloroform extract caused an 80% reduction in radicle elongation of lettuce seedlings at a concentration of less than 100 p.p.m. Fagomine, 4-piperidone and 2-piperidinemethanol were isolated and identified by 1 H and 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance from the chloroform extract. These compounds caused a 50% inhibition of radicle elongation in lettuce seedlings at concentrations of less than 100 p.p.m. These results suggest that compounds 1, 2, and 3 might act as allelochemicals and affect the growth or germination of different plant species. 相似文献