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紧密连接是上皮细胞顶端连接复合体的重要组成部分,对维持上皮细胞的屏障功能、门控功能和细胞间联系等具有重要意义。Ras同源蛋白(Rho)A-Rho激酶(ROCK)信号转导途径在紧密连接的形成和功能发挥中起着重要的作用,如:RhoA的活化是保证紧密连接功能正常发挥的重要起始过程,而RhoA失衡、RhoA过度活化则会导致紧密连接的解聚;RhoA-ROCK信号转导途径能通过影响紧密连接蛋白的合成与定位从而调节上皮细胞间隙通透性;另外,RhoA信号能通过调节肌动蛋白细胞骨架收缩、直接调节连接膜蛋白等机制影响上皮细胞间隙通透性。本文拟就上皮细胞紧密连接结构、功能及RhoA-ROCK信号转导途径对其调控作用进行综述。 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌对肠道上皮紧密连接蛋白的调控 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
肠道细胞间紧密连接是构成肠道屏障功能的重要结构基础,在调节肠道通透性和维持上皮细胞屏障中发挥着重要作用。乳酸杆菌作为肠道的优势菌,可以促进上皮细胞紧密连接蛋白的表达和合理分布,维持上皮细胞的屏障功能;同时可以缓解病原菌及其诱导的炎性细胞因子对紧密连接的损伤,改善肠上皮屏障功能,维持黏膜的完整性。本文就肠道上皮细胞紧密连接的生理性和病理性调控以及乳酸杆菌的影响进行了归纳总结,为进一步阐明乳酸杆菌对肠道紧密连接的影响提供基础。 相似文献
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紧密连接蛋白与肠道疾病密切相关,由Occludin基因编码的蛋白质是紧密连接蛋白中具有代表性的蛋白之一,在维持肠道屏障功能完整中发挥重要作用。在猪肠道中,Occludin基因表达的下降会导致细胞膜通透性增加,使肠道屏障功能受损,从而引发多种肠道疾病。文章综述了肠道屏障的构成、紧密连接蛋白的分类及Occludin基因编码蛋白质的结构和生物学功能,介绍了Occludin基因在猪肠道中的表达情况和营养调控的研究进展,为预防猪腹泻、肠道炎症等疾病提供参考。 相似文献
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为了探究Sertoli细胞紧密连接结构完整性与精子质量的相关性，实验采用精子活力、精子活率和畸形率等精液指标筛选出高低精子质量种公鹅，通过HE染色和免疫荧光方法来明确Sertoli细胞紧密连接结构的完整性与精子质量的相关性。结果表明：左右侧睾丸重量在2组间存在差异（P<0.05）。低精子质量组的精子质膜完整性与线粒体活性显著下调，与高精子质量组相比，曲细精管上皮较薄，细胞排列稀疏没有规律性，可见成熟精子少，并且Sertoli细胞紧密连接蛋白ZO-1荧光染色明显减少，蛋白分布比较稀疏，不形成规律的网状结构，说明血睾屏障（Blood-Testis Barrier,BTB）紧密连接结构受损。本研究揭示Sertoli细胞紧密连接结构完整性与精子质量存在正相关性，为探究影响精子质量的遗传因素提供了理论基础，为寻找改善精子质量提高种公鹅繁殖力的方法提供了新思路。 相似文献
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家禽肠道屏障功能及其营养调控 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
肠道具有双重功能,既作为消化和吸收营养物质的重要器官,又是保持机体内环境稳定的先天性屏障.家禽肠道屏障包括机械屏障、化学屏障、微生物屏障和免疫屏障.目前,测定肠道屏障功能的方法包括检测肠道通透性、血浆内毒素、细菌移位、肠道黏膜组织学观察等.有限的研究报道了肠道屏障功能及紧密连接蛋白的闭锁蛋白occludin、闭合蛋白claudins(claudin-3、-5、-16)和闭合小环蛋白(ZO)-2在胚胎期和/或出壳后早期在鸡肠上皮的发育模式,并认为不同肠段的屏障功能及其紧密连接蛋白的发育速度很不一致.家禽肠道屏障的营养调控方面的研究主要涉及营养素(如锌)、胃肠道微生态制剂(如益生菌和益生元)、功能性多糖、表皮生长因子和酶制剂等添加剂的作用.谷氨酰胺和苏氨酸等添加剂虽对其他动物屏障功能有作用,但对家禽肠道屏障的作用还有待证实.本文对家禽肠道屏障理论研究和应用技术进行了综述与展望. 相似文献
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本文旨在研究胰高血糖素样肽-2(GLP-2)对离体培养的断奶仔猪空肠上皮紧密连接蛋白相关基因表达的影响,探讨GLP-2调节肠道黏膜屏障的可能机制。将断奶仔猪空肠组织块置于含0、1×10-8、1×10-7mol/L的GLP-2的细胞培养液中进行培养,考察不同GLP-2添加水平对断奶仔猪空肠上皮丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)信号通路细胞外调节蛋白激酶丝裂原活化蛋白激酶激酶1/2(MEK1/2)、p90核糖体S6蛋白激酶(p90RSK)以及紧密连接蛋白ZO-1、Oc-cludin、Claudin-1基因表达的影响,待确定出GLP-2能有效促进紧密连接蛋白相关基因表达的剂量后,再向培养液中添加MEK1/2的特异性阻断剂U0126,考察阻断MAPK经典通路后紧密连接蛋白ZO-1、Occludin、Claudin-1的基因表达的变化。结果表明,与对照组相比,将空肠组织块置于含1×10-7和1×10-8mol/L GLP-2的培养液中培养72 h均能显著促进MEK1/2、p90RSK以及紧密连接蛋白ZO-1、Occludin、Claudin-1的基因mRNA相对表达量(P<0.05),除ZO-1的基因之外,上述各蛋白的基因mRNA相对表达量还随着GLP-2浓度的增高而升高(P<0.05);向1×10-7mol/L的GLP-2组添加U0126阻断p90RSK、ERK1/2的基因表达后,紧密连接蛋白ZO-1、Occludin、Claudin-1的基因mRNA相对表达量也显著下降(P<0.05)。由此可知,GLP-2能够促进断奶仔猪空肠上皮紧密连接蛋白ZO-1、Occludin、Claudin-1的基因表达,而MAPK通路可能是GLP-2调控肠道紧密连接蛋白基因表达的重要信号通路之一。 相似文献
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(接2011年09期《新饲料》16页)2.5Gln对紧密接头的稳定是必需的小肠单层细胞研究解释了Gln的丧失和补充影响肠上皮承受损伤能力的机制。Li等(2004)证明在Caco-2细胞单层(暴露在Gln合成酶抑制剂-蛋氨酸磺酸盐)上Gln丧失引起紧密连接(紧密连接包括claudin-1和封闭小带-1)中隔膜成分的溶解。此外,电子显微镜下 相似文献
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Beran GW 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2008,86(3-4):198-207
When early people made their appearance, zoonotic infectious diseases were already waiting, but epidemic diseases did not appear in human history until people began to live in large numbers under conditions of close contact, mainly during the last 10,000 years. Disease has decimated urban populations, conquered armies, and disrupted society. The focus here is on (1) the plague of Athens and the Black Death; (2) smallpox, influenza, and rabies; (3) avian influenza prion diseases, and foot & mouth disease; and (4) emerging and re-emerging diseases. All have veterinary public health associations. In Athens, Greece, in 430 BC, when the Spartans ravaged the countryside, hordes crowded into Athens so that orderly movements, space in which to live, and adequate supplies of food became impossible. Crowding of any population fosters disease transmission; chaos and disorder enhance it all the more. Out of northern Egypt came a terrible plague from across the Mediterranean Sea. The identity of the plague of Athens remains unsure, but the well-considered conclusion is Rift Valley Fever, a mosquito borne, viral zoonosis. The Black Death, also called the Plague, raged in Asia for centuries. In 1347, the Black Death was brought by a ship out of Asia to Sicily. The scenes of devastation were repeated throughout Europe, with 90% or more of the people dying in city after city. Influenza, too, has been a cause of periodic human epidemics, but the great pandemic of influenza occurred in the last months of World War I. In the years of highest occurrence, more than half the world's population became clinically infected. If veterinary public health had been born earlier, it could have led to elucidating the epidemiology of influenza and the plagues of Athens, Europe, and Asia. In turn, smallpox had also caused continual tragedy. In 1796, Edward Jenner began to harvest pustules of cowpox from children or infected cows and inject them into susceptible children. In 1980, the World Health Organization declared that smallpox had been eliminated from the world. Rabies, though, still strikes terror. A number of animal diseases, broadly termed emerging and re-emerging diseases, need surveillance because they have the potential to impact human health. From late in 2003 to 2007, the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus in poultry infected at least 121 people and caused 62 deaths in four countries. The prion diseases, too, all have very high numbers in concentrated contacts. To control these diseases, veterinary public health is essential, with diagnosis, epidemiological surveillance, clinical manifestations, and prevention as primary measures. 相似文献
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Dekker A Dercksen D Snoep J van Wuyjckhuise L 《Tijdschrift voor diergeneeskunde》2007,132(18):695-701
On 26th of july 2007 a new case of bluetongue was notified in the Netherlands and on 2nd of august 2007 foot-and-mouth disease was diagnosed in Surrey, England, which raised the threat of having both infections simultaniously in one area. Bluetongue and foot-and-mouth disease have a different pathogenesis, but symptoms may resemble each other at a later stage of infection. The pathogenesis and possible clinical symptoms of both infections are discussed and illustrated with pictures. 相似文献
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在动物的异常行为中以刻板行为最为常见,而咽气癖又是马最常见的口部刻板行为之一。作者就咽气癖在生理方面和心智方面对马体产生的影响、行为基础、诱因的研究进展及常见的防治措施进行综述。 相似文献
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