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1.
我国部分地区新城疫病毒的流行现状分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
从近年来由我国不同地区、不同宿主分离到的新城疫病毒(NDV)野外分离株中，选取其中具有代表性的16株，用RT—PCR技术扩增其F基因重要的功能区片段，进一步进行克隆和序列测定。参照国内外已发表的部分毒株的F基因序列，构建了59株NDV的遗传进化树，分析其毒株间的遗传进化关系。序列分析表明，所扩增的目的片段长度为535bp，所分离的毒株在分裂位点的氨基酸顺序为^112R—R—Q／R—K／R—R—F^117，均相当于NDV的强毒株。通过遗传进化树分析表明，16株分离株中有13株为基因Ⅶ型NDV，说明目前基因Ⅶ型NDV所引起的新城疫在国内呈流行趋势。 相似文献
2.
新城疫病毒(NDV)的F蛋白与病毒的致病性和免疫应答密切相关。为了了解朱鹮源NDV陕西分离株的变异情况及进化地位,采用RT-PCR方法对NDV陕西分离株F基因的主要功能区片段进行了扩增,并进行了序列测定及遗传进化树构建。序列分析表明,该分离株扩增片段的长度为535 bp,与预期扩增片段长度大小一致。其F基因裂解位点的氨基酸组成与NDV强毒株的特征性结构(112R-R-Q-K-R-F117)一致。系统进化树分析表明,该NDV分离毒株为基因Ⅶ型,与近年来报道的我国家禽流行的NDV基因型一致。 相似文献
3.
2005年中国新城疫病毒分子流行病学研究 总被引：19，自引：2，他引：19
采用2005年从国内不同地区、不同宿主分离到的NDV分离株，选取其中具有代表性的83株，用RT-PCR技术扩增其F基因重要的功能区片段，进一步进行序列测定。序列分析表明所扩增的目的片段长度为535bp，序列测定结果已经登陆到GenBank，登陆号为DQ439866-DQ439948。参照国内外已发表的部分毒株的F基因序列，构建了NDV的遗传进化树，分析毒株间的遗传进化关系。通过遗传进化分析表明83株NDV分离株中有65株属于基因Ⅶ型，9株属于基因Ⅱ型，5株属于基因Ⅰ型，3株属于基因Ⅵ型，1株属于基因Ⅲ型。表明我国目前ND的流行情况比较复杂，其中基因Ⅶ型新城疫病毒所引起的新城疫在国内呈流行趋势，同时也存在其它基因型的散发，从而为我国目前新城疫的防治提供了科学的参考依据。 相似文献
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1997-2005年中国水禽新城疫分子流行病学特点分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
对1997—2005年从国内分离到的10株水禽源新城疫病毒（NDV）进行了生物学特性和遗传特性研究。致病指数MDT和ICPI测定结果表明10株分离株均属于强毒株。采用RT-PCR扩增了各分离株F基因主要功能区片段（535bp）并进行了序列分析。10株分离株F蛋白裂解位点的氨基酸组成均为^112RRQKRF^117,具有典型的强毒特征,与致病指数测定结果一致。参照国内外已发表的部分毒株的F基因序列,构建NDV的遗传进化树,分析毒株间的遗传进化关系。遗传进化树分析表明10株NDV分离株中有8株属于基因Ⅶd型,1株属于基因Ⅶc型,1株属于基因Ⅸ型。表明基因Ⅶ型NDV是造成中国水禽近年来发生新城疫的主要原因,与同期中国鸡群发生新城疫感染的流行特点一致。 相似文献
6.
《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2014,(17)
为了掌握辽宁省新城疫病毒(NDV)的分布特点,试验采用新城疫荧光RT-PCR方法检测到1株新城疫病毒,通过接种鸡胚分离鉴定后将其命名为CK/YK1/2013,通过PCR扩增得到HN、F基因全长片段并测定了基因序列。结果表明:该毒株可以使接种鸡胚在38 h内死亡,具备强毒株的生物学特性。CK/YK1/2013的F基因在裂解位点的氨基酸序列为111GGRQGRL117,与弱毒株LaSota序列相同,与其他已知强毒株的裂解位点不同。CK/YK1/2013的HN、F基因与Ⅱ型LaSota毒株的同源性为99.6%,与F48E9及Ⅶ型的同源性分别为89.1%和83.0%,基因进化树分析表明该毒株属于Ⅱ型NDV。 相似文献
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试验对2005～2006年从宁夏地区分离到的6株新城疫病毒进行遗传学特性研究,采用RT-PCR扩增了分离株F基因主要功能区片段并进行序列测定,序列分析表明6株分离株扩增片段的长度均为535bp,与预期扩增片段长度大小一致.裂解位点的氨基酸组成均为112R-R-Q-K-R-F117,具有强毒株的典型分子特征.通过构建新城疫病毒F基因的遗传进化树,表明6株宁夏分离株在分类地位上均属于基因Ⅶd亚型,与我国近年来新城疫病毒主要流行优势基因型一致,同时表明在宁夏地区至少有2个不同来源的毒株同时流行. 相似文献
9.
从2005年山东省某鸵鸟饲养场发病鸵鸟分离出1株新城疫病毒，命名为SD01，采用一步法R-PCR扩增了该分离株F基因的重要功能区片段（535bp），并将其克隆到pMD18-T载体中，进行序列测定，研究了其分子生物学特性。序列分析结果表明，该分离株F基因裂解位点的氨基酸组成与NDV强毒株的特征性结构一致（^112R—R—Q-K—R-F^117）；遗传进化分析表明，该分离株在分类地位上属于基因Ⅶd型，与目前报道的鸵鸟源和其他禽类NDV毒株基因型一样，说明目前我国流行的仍然是NDV基因Ⅶ型。提示，对于鸵鸟新城疫的防治，除进行疫苗免疫之外，采取生物安全措施也是非常重要的。 相似文献
10.
一株基因Ⅶb亚型新城疫病毒F和HN基因的序列分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为分析从某鹅病料样品中分离鉴定的一株新城疫病毒(NDV) (Goose/Foshan/2010)F和HN基因的序列特征,本研究采用RT-PCR方法扩增该病毒的F和HN基因的ORF序列,并进行序列测定.经序列比对、进化分析表明,Goose/Foshan/2010株属于基因Ⅶb亚型病毒株,F蛋白裂解位点序列为112RRQKRF117,-HN蛋白由571个氨基酸残基组成,具有强毒株分子特征.对F和HN蛋白分析表明,其HN蛋白存在E347D和K495E两个点突变;此外,HN蛋白缺失了538位～540位的糖基化位点.该分离株为我国首次报道的鹅源基因Ⅶb亚型NDV分离株,与秘鲁及马来西亚早期基因Ⅶb亚型分离株进化关系密切,表明我国目前新城疫的流行情况十分复杂. 相似文献
11.
Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
12.
Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
13.
Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
14.
Waruiru RM Thamsborg SM Nansen P Kyvsgaard NC Bogh HO Munyua WK Gathuma JM 《Tropical animal health and production》2001,33(3):173-187
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round. 相似文献
15.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host. 相似文献
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Evaluation of biohydrogenation rate of canola vs. soya bean seeds as unsaturated fatty acids sources for ruminants in situ 
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下载免费PDF全文 S. Pashaei T. Ghoorchi A. Yamchi 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(2):211-216
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed. 相似文献
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Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb
albumin
- ALT
alanine aminotransferase
- AST
aspartate aminotransferase
- BUN
blood urea nitrogen
- Chol
cholesterol
- Glob
globulin
- -GT
-glutamyl transpeptidase
- IP
inorganic phosphorus
- TP
total protein 相似文献
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正We are pleased to publish the second special issue on avian brood parasitism and to be responsible guest editors for the two special issues of Chinese Birds (Vol. 3, No. 4, 2012 and Vol. 4, No. 1, 2013), entitled "Avian Brood Parasitism - A Growing Research Area in Behavioral Ecology". The first issue was published in December 2012. The goal of the two special issues is to publish accumulated knowledge and some of the recent developments in 相似文献
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Tropical Animal Health and Production - 相似文献