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1.
为了解食品动物源沙门菌血清型分布及耐药状况.采用生化鉴定、血清学及沙门菌invA基因PCR方法对分离自不同食品动物源菌株进行沙门菌鉴定;采用微量肉汤稀释法进行菌株对20种药物的敏感性试验.结果显示,本次研究共鉴定出316株沙门菌,14个血清型,以鸡白痢、菲利斯河沙门菌和吉韦沙门菌为主;316株菌株对20种药物呈不同水平的耐药性,对氨苄西林、阿莫西林/克拉维酸、链霉素、四环素、多西环素、奈啶酸、磺胺异噁唑等药物耐药率超过40％;95.5％的菌株呈多重耐药性;猪源、牛源菌株耐药性较禽源严重.以上情况说明,本次分离的食品动物源沙门菌血清型分布广,菌株耐药性较为严重.临床上应把生长周期长的动物体内细菌作为耐药性检测重点,在食品动物生产上应谨慎使用抗菌药物. 相似文献
2.
《中国兽医杂志》2017,(12)
为了有效防控雏鸡白痢沙门菌病,试验自保定某蛋种鸡场疑似为鸡沙门菌病雏鸡采取肝脏病料进行细菌的分离培养、生化鉴定、鸡白痢沙门菌多价血清学鉴定及沙门菌inv A基因PCR鉴定,并对分离菌进行致病性检测及对7种抗菌药物的耐药性检测。结果表明,10株分离菌的形态特征、生化特性、血清学鉴定结果符合鸡白痢沙门菌的特征,说明从病死雏鸡组织中分离出的细菌为鸡白痢沙门菌。沙门菌inv A基因PCR扩增出373 bp目的片段,进一步证实分离菌为鸡沙门菌。用分离菌株接种雏鸡,其死亡率高达90%,表明该菌株有很高的致病性。10株分离菌株对阿莫西林和青霉素耐药率达100%,对阿齐霉素的耐药率达90%,而对阿米卡星、头孢唑林和庆大霉素耐药性较弱、对氧氟沙星较为敏感。3耐菌株多重耐药比例为42.86%,4耐菌株多重耐药比例为57.14%,5耐菌株多重耐药比例为71.43%,说明雏鸡沙门菌分离株对所试抗菌药物均表现出不同程度的耐药性,且表现出多重耐药现象。本试验为鸡白痢沙门菌病的防治提供参考。 相似文献
3.
对2020年在宁夏和新疆部分动物养殖场和屠宰场分离的沙门菌(Salmonella)进行了相关抗菌药物的耐药性调查，以了解沙门菌的流行特点以及耐药性情况，一方面为国家动物源细菌耐药网提供数据，另一方面为相关养殖场临床抗菌药物的合理使用提供科学依据。首先采用沙门菌选择性培养基进行菌株的分离、纯化及鉴定，采用微量肉汤稀释法检测16种抗菌药物对分离菌株的最小抑菌浓度(MICs),采用玻片凝集法对分离菌株进行血清型鉴定。结果显示：试验共分离到60株沙门菌，其血清型有16种，主要包括鼠伤寒沙门菌(S. Typhimurium)、里森沙门菌(S. Rissen)、汤普森沙门菌(S. Thompson)、肠炎沙门菌(S. Entertidis)、德尔卑沙门菌(S. Derby)、明斯特沙门菌(S. Muenster),检出率分别为26.67%(16株)、15.00%(9株)、11.67%(7株)、10.00%(6株)、8.33%(5株)、6.67%(4株),其他9种血清型的检出率为1%～5%。分离菌株对磺胺异噁唑、四环素和氨苄西林耐药程度较高，耐药率分别达75.00%、70.00%和66.67%;对奥... 相似文献
4.
为了解贵州省规模化养殖场腹泻仔猪肠道沙门菌耐药表型与耐药基因型相关性,本试验采集了贵州省7个规模化养猪场的腹泻仔猪肠道样本进行沙门菌分离鉴定,并对分离的沙门菌用药敏纸片法进行耐药表型分析,利用PCR方法对分离菌进行耐药基因扩增。结果显示:共分离鉴定沙门菌21株;药敏试验表明所鉴定的沙门菌对抗菌药物的耐药率从高到低依次是卡那霉素、磺胺异口恶唑和诺氟沙星等,且均为多重耐药株,耐药种类达8种以上;耐药基因与耐药表型分析结果显示分离的沙门菌β-内酰胺类耐药基因与耐药表型符合率高达100%,喹诺酮耐药基因与耐药表型符合率为62.5%,氨基糖苷耐药基因符合率为73.3%,磺胺类耐药基因符合率81.8%。研究结果对合理使用药物控制仔猪沙门菌感染提供了理论依据。 相似文献
5.
6.
河南省鸡源沙门菌新近流行株的分离鉴定及其耐药性分析 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
旨在了解河南省鸡沙门菌临床分离株血清型分布及药物敏感情况。从河南省各地区养鸡场共采集了沙门菌可疑病料617份,按常规方法进行分离,经生化、PCR及血清型鉴定,共分离出98株鸡源沙门菌,其中血清型定型82株,主要为肠炎沙门菌(62.24%)、鸡白痢沙门菌(18.37%)。进一步Kindy-Bauer(KB)法检测分离菌株对22种药物敏感性表明,所有分离菌株对多粘菌素B、阿米卡星、庆大霉素、萘啶酸较为敏感,对阿齐霉素和氨苄西林耐药率在60.00%～70.00%之间,对红霉素和青霉素表现为极高的耐药性,耐药率高达100.00%。三重以上耐药菌株高达96.94%,七耐以上的菌株为56.12%,耐药最多的菌株可耐18种抗生素。由此可见,河南省禽类沙门菌的感染流行主要以肠炎沙门菌和鸡白痢沙门菌为主,多重耐药十分严重,严重影响了禽类沙门菌病的诊治与预防。 相似文献
7.
为了解鸭源沙门菌江苏分离株的主要生物学特性,本研究对2012年至2013年从发病或死亡鸭中分离的33株沙门菌分离株进行鉴定,即采用玻片凝集法对分离的沙门菌进行血清学分型,多重PCR方法检测17种毒力基因的分布,按照美国临床和实验室标准化研究所制定的方法进行药物敏感性检测,通过结晶紫半定量法检测分离菌株的生物被膜形成能力.33株鸭源沙门菌的血清学分型结果显示,查理沙门菌占48.5％,为优势血清型.毒力基因检测结果显示,pagC、msgA、sipB、prgH、spaN、tolC、iroN、sopB及pefA为保守基因.药物敏感性检测显示,42.4％的菌株耐受8种以上药物.生物被膜检测显示,有14株细菌生物被膜形成能力为中等以上,其中57.1％的菌株耐8种以上的药物. 相似文献
8.
《中国兽医杂志》2017,(10)
沙门菌作为常见的食源性病原菌之一,同时是引起断奶仔猪腹泻的重要病原菌之一,我国每年因沙门菌感染所引起的经济损失严重。沙门菌感染通常会导致猪副伤寒,主要特征是严重的系统性疾病,并且可能会导致肠炎或腹泻性疾病。本研究通过收集全国范围内仔猪腹泻样品,对沙门菌进行分离鉴定,了解规模化猪场沙门菌流行情况,同时对沙门菌抗生素敏感性进行分析。从我国16个省份,84个猪场,571份样品中分离得到的128株沙门菌中,发现最常见的血清型是鼠伤寒沙门菌,其次是德尔卑沙门菌、伦敦沙门菌、婴儿沙门菌、韦太夫雷登沙门菌和阿贡纳沙门菌。这些沙门菌的耐药情况严重,尤其是复方新诺明,其耐药率高达100%。 相似文献
9.
为了鉴定致仔猪腹泻沙门菌并分析耐药性。从中牟地区规模化的养殖场采集患腹泻仔猪粪便、肠内容物等样品120份,通过分离鉴定的方法鉴定出57株沙门菌。人工感染小鼠致病试验结果表明,32株为致病性沙门菌。采用K-B药敏纸片法对32株致病性沙门菌进行药敏试验并分析耐药性,结果显示,32株致病性沙门菌对头孢曲松、头孢他啶、环丙沙星等4种药物耐药性在25. 0%～37. 5%之间;对氟苯尼考、阿米卡星、强力霉素等7种药物耐药性在40. 6%～78. 1%之间;对大观霉素、新霉素、阿莫西林等5种药物耐药性在87. 5%～100%之间。结果表明,从腹泻仔猪体内分离到32株致病性沙门菌对常用的抗生素具有很强的耐药性。 相似文献
10.
为鉴定蛋种鸡源沙门菌生物学特性，本试验采集患病蛋种鸡的肝脏、卵黄、心血等病料组织，通过细菌分离培养、肠杆菌科和其他革兰阴性杆菌的标准鉴定系统(API20E)、PCR等方法进行沙门菌分离鉴定；采用人工感染试验、玻板凝集试验、脉冲场凝胶电泳技术(PFGE)分别对分离的沙门菌致病性、血清分型、分子分型进行检测。结果显示，分离的12株沙门菌对雏鸡具有致病性；除菌株36未测出血清型外，其余11株沙门菌分离株属于4种血清型，其中菌株C1为O4(B)群无动力沙门菌，菌株C13、C4为鸡沙门菌，菌株C5、C6、C7、C8、C9为病牛沙门菌，菌株C10、C11、C12为肠炎沙门菌；菌株36的PFGE带型不明显，其余11株沙门菌可分为4个不同的PFGE带型，各带型间亲缘关系较远，不同血清型菌株之间的相似度在56%～100%,相同的血清型可能具有聚为1簇的趋势，不同血清型菌株之间具有较高的相似度。本试验结果为进一步分析蛋种鸡源沙门菌及开展分子流行病学溯源提供了科学依据。 相似文献
11.
Streptococcus suis isolated from pigs in Finland 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
A total of 58 Streptococcus suis strains were isolated from deceased pigs submitted to the National Veterinary Institute, Regional Laboratory in Kuopio, Finland, over a 3 1/2 year period, most frequently from cases of pneumonia. The bacteria were isolated from cases of meningitis, sepsis, rhinitis, endocarditis and abortion. S. suis was also isolated from nasal cavity, lung and brain of some sick piglets without signs of inflammation. Further S. suis was detected in 12 out of 107 tonsils of healthy fatteners tested. S. suis strains were identified by biochemical methods followed by typing. The most common capsular types were 7, 3 and 2, respectively. Only one type 1 strain and no types 6 and 9 strains were found. All S. suis strains tested were sensitive to penicillin and ampicillin.S. suis is not uncommon in Finnish pig herds. S. suis may be regarded as a potentially pathogenic organism which under certain predisposing conditions may cause serious disease. 相似文献
12.
A sandwich type ELISA for foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus types O, A and C was established, using a combination of rabbit anti-146 S and guinea pig hyperimmune antibodies. This method was found to be highly efficient for the detection of both 146 S particles and 12 S subunits. The ELISA was approximately 500 times more sensitive than complement fixation (CF) when examining epithelial samples of FMD vesicles. An early primary diagnosis of FMD was obtained by both CF and ELISA in 19 out of 21 confirmed cases. The remaining 2 cases were initially negative in CF but positive in ELISA. 相似文献
13.
45种药物对鸡关节源性金黄色葡萄球菌的体外抑菌效果 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4
以扩散法和平板打孔法分别检测了 2 1种抗菌药敏纸片和 2 4种中草药煎剂对临床分离的 1株鸡关节源性金黄色葡萄球菌菌株的抑菌效果。结果发现 ,在药敏纸片中 ,供试菌株对头孢氨苄极敏 ,对强力霉素、痢特灵、青霉素、壮观霉素、氯霉素、恩诺沙星、林可霉素、丁胺卡那霉素 8种抗菌药物高敏 ,对其他 12种药物中低度敏感或耐药。在中草药煎剂中 ,供试菌株对黄连、黄芩、大青叶 3种中草药煎剂极敏 ,其中对浓度在 0 .2 5g/mL及以上的黄连溶液都表现为极敏 ,对艾叶、连翘、黄柏、夏枯草、紫草 5种中草药煎剂表现为高敏 ,对其它 16种中草药煎剂表现为中低度敏感或耐药 相似文献
14.
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of Salmonella enteritidis infection in chickens 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
An ELISA was developed and tested for its ability to detect antibodies against Salmonella enteritidis in chickens. Various features of the ELISA were evaluated and optimized. The outer membrane protein antigens selected by use of the protein immunoblotting method made the assay specific and sensitive. The assay was evaluated in chickens experimentally infected with S enteritidis. Blood samples collected at weekly intervals after experimental infection with S enteritidis were analyzed by ELISA. Results of the ELISA were compared with those of conventional serum plate and microagglutination tests. The ELISA was more sensitive and specific in the detection of S enteritidis infection than the other 2 conventional tests. 相似文献
15.
根据猪链球菌2型荚膜多糖和马链球菌兽疫亚种类M蛋白的保守区序列分别设计了2对简并引物,建立了一种能同时检测猪链球菌2型和马链球菌兽疫亚种的双重PCR方法。结果显示,该双重PCR能从100个细菌的混合纯培养物中扩增出2条目的片段。而且可以直接从病料组织中检测到相应的病原菌。用建立的双重PCR方法和细菌分离培养法平行检测人工感染的组织病料,PCR方法与细菌培养法的阳性检出率基本一致,但PCR方法的特异性好、敏感性高,简便易行,可以用于猪链球菌病的流行病学调查和实验室的快速鉴别诊断。 相似文献
16.
Miyazaki S Fukumura M Yoshioka M Yamanaka N 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2001,63(9):1013-1015
From 1997 to 1999, 29 cases of disorders were detected in cattle and horses that had been fed ryegrass straw imported from the U.S.A. These animals showed symptoms resembling ryegrass staggers and the clinical signs disappeared after removal of the straw. Endophytic hyphae were detected in the seeds of all straw samples that were responsible for the clinical cases. Lolitrem B concentrations in the straw ranged between 972 and 3740 ppb. Ergovaline concentrations were between 355 and 1300 ppb. Even though the concentrations of lolitrem B were lower than the toxic threshold proposed by Oregon State University in better part of the cases, our observations suggest the possibility that lolitrem B lower than the proposed threshold can bring disorders to sensitive individuals. 相似文献
17.
Attempts were made to identify 900 species of staphylococci or micrococci recovered from samples of bovine milk examined for mastitis pathogens. The presence and identity of haemolysins was recorded together with results of disc diffusion antibiotic sensitivity tests. The occurrence of clinical mastitis was also noted and somatic cell counts (SCC) were performed on milk samples which were normal in appearance. Eight hundred and thirty-one coagulase positive staphylococci were obtained, of which 810 were S. aureus and 21 were S. intermedius. Of 65 coagulase negative staphylococci the species of 19 could not be determined by the identification systems used. The remainder were identified as S. hyicus sub sp. hyicus (1), S. hyicus sub sp. chromogenes (19), S. haemolyticus (17), S. hominis (3), S. epidermidis (4), S. capitis (1) and either S. hominis or S. warneri (1). Four other isolates could not clearly be assigned to the genus Staphylococcus or Micrococcus and were designated irregular strains. No micrococci were identified. The presence of alpha, beta, or delta haemolysins occurring singly or in various combinations was identified in 98.3% of coagulase positive staphylococci and in 60% of coagulase negative staphylococci. Epsilon haemolysin was detected in 47.6% of the coagulase negative staphylococci and in 9.5% of S. intermedius. All staphylococci were sensitive to tetracycline (30 microg), novobiocin (1.6 microg), nafcillin (30 microg), methicillin (10 microg) and cephalothin (30 microg) and variable numbers of each species were sensitive to penicillin (2 iu) and streptomycin (10 microg). One non-identified species of coagulase negative staphylococcus was sensitive to erythromycin (0.4 microg) the remaining staphylococci were resistant. Each of the four irregular strains was sensitive to erythromycin and novobiocin. Clinical mastitis was associated with 30.6% of coagulase positive staphylococci, 15.3% of coagulase negative staphylococci, and two of the four irregular strains (50%). Subclinical mastitis as determined by SCC of 500 x 10(3) or greater was associated with 92.7% of coagulase positive and 37.5% of coagulase negative staphylococci. 相似文献
18.
本研究从疑似感染肺炎克雷伯菌(Kpn)的病死水貂病料中分离得到5株革兰氏阴性杆菌,通过对其进行细菌形态学、培养特征、生化特性和分子生物学鉴定,确认分离得到的菌株为Kpn。16S rRNA基因序列分析结果显示:该分离菌株与已知的Kpn相应序列的同源性为100%;药敏试验显示分离株对头孢曲松和舒巴坦高度敏感。动物致病性试验显示该分离株对小鼠具有较强的致病性。 相似文献
19.
16味蒙药对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌O8的体外抑菌效果研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为筛选对奶牛乳房炎主要致病菌金黄色葡萄球菌（S.aureus）和大肠杆菌O8（E.coli O8）具有良好抑菌作用的蒙药,本试验采用牛津杯法测定金银花、黄连、何首乌、地榆、五味子、秦皮、穿心莲、甘草、蒲公英、夏枯草、虎杖、柴胡、黄柏、苦参、石榴皮、板蓝根16味蒙药的抑菌圈直径,微量稀释法和平板法测定蒙药的最小抑菌浓度（minimal inhibitory concentration,MIC）和最小杀菌浓度（minimal bactericidal concentration,MBC）,棋盘法测定敏感蒙药对E.coli O8和S.aureus的协同指数（fractional inhibitory concentration index,FICI）。结果显示,黄柏、金银花、黄连、五味子、蒲公英、秦皮6味蒙药对S.aureus的抑菌圈直径为10.22~22.44 mm,MIC为15.6~250 mg/mL;五味子、金银花、黄连、秦皮4味蒙药对E.coli O8的抑菌圈直径为11.29~26.41 mm,MIC为15.6~500 mg/mL;黄柏与黄连联合用药对S.aureus的FICI为0.36,为协同作用,黄连与地榆联合用药对E.coli O8的FICI为0.48,为协同作用。综上所述,金银花、黄连、五味子、秦皮、蒲公英、黄柏6味蒙药对S.aureus综合抑菌效果达极敏或高敏;金银花、黄连、五味子、秦皮4味蒙药对E.coli O8综合抑菌效果达极敏或高敏,黄柏、黄连、秦皮在抑制S.aureus的组方中可优先考虑,黄连与地榆在抑制E.coli O8的组方中可优先考虑。 相似文献
20.
YU Ji-feng WANG Wen-gui WEI Yong LIN Yi LI Xing-yu YE Jian-qiang ZHANG Xian-hui LI Jiang-ling LIAO Dang-jin 《中国畜牧兽医》2015,42(6):1566-1570
The study was aimed to investigate the biological characsteristics and drug sensitive tests of Haemophilus parasuis isolated in Sichuan province.This paper reported the biological characteristics,16S rRNA gene PCR and drug sensitive test of the isolates by technique of microbiological and molecular biology.The results showed that the isolates had micro anaerobic and could produce satellite phenomenon,the isolates were just same in biochemical characteristics with field isolates in other area.All the isolates amplified 821 bp 16S rRNA gene.And drug sensitive tests showed that the isolates were highly sensitive to cefradine,ampicillin,cefradine,amoxicillin,cefaclor,ofloxacin,cefotaxime and furadantin,the sensitive rate was 75.61% to 87.80%,but the isolates were high resistance to lincomycin,carbenicillin,enrofloxacin,amikacin and sulfamethoxazole,and multiple-drug resistance was found among the isolates,the number of bacterial strains resistant to antibiotics were more between five and eight,the resisitance strains were 21.95% to 30.49%,7 isolates were even resistant to 13 antibiotics.The results showed the phenomenon of drug resistance of the isolates was very serious. 相似文献