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谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(GSTs)在致癌物质解毒及基因诱变等的过程中都发挥非常的重要的作用,因此可能影响公牛个体的精液品质。本实验选用长春中信集团种公牛繁殖中心的33头种公牛,通过PCR-SSCP技术,检测谷胱甘肽S-转移酶基因7个外显子扩增位点中是否存在突变;并对多态片段进行了测序,以确定突变的碱基类型和突变位点变异的位置;同时结合精液品质测定记录,对长春中信集团种公牛繁殖中心公牛的精液品质进行了相关分析。根据PCR-SSCP检测及测序结果得知:在谷胱甘肽S-转移酶基因外显子中,第5外显子的56bp位存在C→T的突变,但是由于该处的碱基位于密码子第2位,氨基酸由脯氨酸突变为亮氨酸。分析了33头种公牛谷胱甘肽S-转移酶基因的遗传多态性与精液品质的相关关系,谷胱甘肽S-转移酶基因的第5外显子AA型的鲜精活力、冻精活力、冻精活精子比率要显著高于AB型以及BB型。 相似文献
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肉用成年公牛因其体重大,四肢负重大,肢蹄病多发,而且一旦发病,治愈率不高。因此,肢蹄病的预防治疗和肢蹄保健是种公牛站日常饲养管理和兽医保健工作的重点。国内优质种公牛资源稀缺,一头优质种公牛其价值可达数十万元,每年因种公牛肢蹄病造成冷冻精液产量降低或种公牛遭淘汰都会给种公牛站造成较大的损失。长春新牧科技有限公司(原吉林省长春优质种牛繁育中心)自1997年成立以来,对肉种公牛肢蹄病的发病原因及预防措施有多方面的认识和体会,现介绍如下,供同仁参考。1群内肢蹄病调查通过对种公牛站历年种公牛牛群变动的统计情况看, 相似文献
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采用PCR-SSCP技术分析了LHβ基因的5′UTR和3个外显子在西门塔尔、夏洛来等种公牛中的遗传多态性。结果在所扩增的LHβ基因的5′UTR 2个目的片段和外显子1、3中均未发现PCR-SSCP遗传多态;在第2外显子中发现PCR-SSCP多态,有2种等位基因A和B,有3种基因型AA型、AB型、BB型。对多态片段的测序分析表明:在LHβ基因第2外显子中1个碱基G突变为A。适合性卡方检验表明,该位点的不同基因型频率处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡。用最小二乘法分析LHβ基因第2外显子不同基因型与西门塔尔和夏洛来精液品质的相关性,发现LHβ不同基因型对冻精畸形率和射精量有显著影响,对其他性状的影响差异不显著。结果表明,西门塔尔和夏洛来牛LHβ基因应是影响精液品质的一个主效基因或与影响精液品质的主效基因紧密连锁。 相似文献
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牛孕激素受体SNP分析及其与精液品质的关系 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
孕激素受体(PR)对于正常雌性动物生殖功能的实现具有重要调节作用,该基因在雄性动物中生物学作用尚不十分清楚。本研究通过PCR-SSCP方法对种公牛群体的PR基因所有外显子及5′UTR多态性进行检测。结果表明:PR基因外显子4、外显子8及5′UTR均检测到了多态性位点,其他外显子没有发现遗传多态性;测序表明外显子4发生了A20G突变,没有导致氨基酸的改变,外显子8发生G86T和A207T突变,其中G86T突变导致所编码的G(甘氨酸)变成V(缬氨酸),A207T突变导致所编码的Q(谷氨酰胺)变成H(组氨酸),5′UTR处存在G-1809A和C-1808G碱基突变。最后用最小二乘分析方法对其基因型和生产性状进行了相关性分析,第4及第8外显子的遗传多态性与部分精液品质性状呈显著相关。 相似文献
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蜘蛛腿综合征(Arachnomelia syndrome,AS)是一种牛的先天性致死性骨骼畸形遗传病。在瑞士褐牛群体中该病是由位于BTA5上编码亚硫酸盐氧化酶的SUOX基因外显子4上的一个G碱基的插入所致,插入突变c.363-364insG会导致SUOX蛋白编码提前终止,从而导致犊牛患病。鉴于我国新疆褐牛含有瑞士褐牛血液,本研究对我国新疆地区广泛使用的55头褐牛公牛AS致病位点c.363-364insG进行了筛查。结果显示被检的55头公牛在SUOX基因该突变位点全部为纯合子,不含G碱基插入位点,表明目前经常使用的褐牛公牛不含有致病位点,不存在传播AS疾病的风险,但未来仍需要对其他褐牛公牛及母牛群体开展检测工作,进而排除AS在中国牛群中的传播。 相似文献
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不同季节和气候条件对种公牛精液品质的影响的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
[目的]研究不同季节气候条件对种公牛精液品质的影响。[方法]从采精种公牛中随机抽出5头,选取气温最高（7月份）最低（1月份）和适中温度（4,9月份）进行试验,分别对不同时期所采得的精液进行检测。[结果]在最高温度月份7月份（25℃）时5头种公牛的平均精液量为5.88mL,原精活率67.2%,精液密度16.64亿/mL,冻后活率33.8%,生产冻精数143.4剂,精子畸形率23%。1月份环境温度平均在-11.2℃时,5头种公牛的精液量平均为5.7mL,原精活率66.8%,精液密度13.3亿/mL,冻后活率37.4%,生产冻精数为275.8剂,精子畸形率17.8%。在4,9月份环境温度12℃时精液量为6.6mL,原精活率73.2%,精液密度16.92亿/mL,冻后活率41.8%,生产冻精数404.4剂,精子畸形率12.6%。精液量之间差异显著（P〈0.05）,原精活率之间差异显著（P〈0.05）,精子畸形率之间差异显著（P〈0.05）。冻后活率和冻精生产数差异不显著。[结论]环境温度过高或者过低都会影响精液品质,种公牛在适宜的温度下生产的精液品质也会更加优良,种公牛在温度较高的条件下生产精液品质比在低温条件下还要差,种公牛最适宜的生产温度为12℃～16℃。 相似文献
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Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
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Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
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Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
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Waruiru RM Thamsborg SM Nansen P Kyvsgaard NC Bogh HO Munyua WK Gathuma JM 《Tropical animal health and production》2001,33(3):173-187
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round. 相似文献
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The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host. 相似文献
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Evaluation of biohydrogenation rate of canola vs. soya bean seeds as unsaturated fatty acids sources for ruminants in situ 
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下载免费PDF全文 S. Pashaei T. Ghoorchi A. Yamchi 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(2):211-216
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed. 相似文献
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Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb
albumin
- ALT
alanine aminotransferase
- AST
aspartate aminotransferase
- BUN
blood urea nitrogen
- Chol
cholesterol
- Glob
globulin
- -GT
-glutamyl transpeptidase
- IP
inorganic phosphorus
- TP
total protein 相似文献
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正We are pleased to publish the second special issue on avian brood parasitism and to be responsible guest editors for the two special issues of Chinese Birds (Vol. 3, No. 4, 2012 and Vol. 4, No. 1, 2013), entitled "Avian Brood Parasitism - A Growing Research Area in Behavioral Ecology". The first issue was published in December 2012. The goal of the two special issues is to publish accumulated knowledge and some of the recent developments in 相似文献
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Tropical Animal Health and Production - 相似文献