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添加酪蛋白酶解物对宫内生长迟缓仔猪肠道生长发育的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为研究酪蛋白酶解物对宫内生长迟缓（IUGR）仔猪肠道生长发育的影响，本试验选择15头IUGR新生仔猪，分为新生对照组（N组）、酪蛋白组（C组）和酪蛋白酶解物组（CH组），以牛乳为基础日粮，C和CH组分别加入10％的酪蛋白溶液和10％的酪蛋白酶解物溶液，人工饲喂3d后取样。结果显示，CH组仔猪小肠长度显著高于C组（P〈0．05），CH组空肠后段和回肠前段的绒毛高度／隐窝深度显著高于C组（P〈0．05）；CH组小肠黏膜的蛋白质含量显著高于C组（P〈0．05），同时其DNA含量显著高于C和N组（P〈0．05）；CH组的麦芽糖酶活性和相对活性均显著高于C和N组（P〈0．05或P〈0．01），CH组的碱性磷酸酶（AKP）活性显著高于C组（P〈0．05）。结果表明，酪蛋白酶解物有促进新生IUGR仔猪肠道组织生长的作用，同时能够刺激IUGR仔猪小肠黏膜上皮细胞的增殖和提高小肠黏膜麦芽糖酶和碱性磷酸酶的活性。 相似文献
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酪蛋白酶解物对小鼠生长和免疫功能的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
试验研究了酪蛋白的胃蛋白酶解物对小鼠生长和免疫功能的影响。选用28日龄纯昆明系小白鼠48只,随机分成3组。试验Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组和对照组分别胃饲酪蛋白酶解物溶液、酪蛋白溶液和生理盐水。胃饲2周后将小鼠采血致死。结果显示,Ⅰ组胃重显著高于Ⅱ组(P<0.05),小肠重显著高于对照组(P<0.05),且体增重、胃蛋白酶活性有增高趋势;但各组胃和小肠组织蛋白含量、小肠乳糖酶、麦芽糖酶活性无显著差异。Ⅰ组胸腺指数和血浆碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活性均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。但各组脾脏指数无显著差异。试验结果表明:酪蛋白酶解物具有促进小鼠胃肠生长,提高小鼠免疫功能的作用。 相似文献
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研究了酪蛋白酶解产物对新生仔猪肠道黏膜胰岛素样生长因子I（IGF-I）及其受体基因mRNA水平的影响。从五窝仔猪中选出10头仔猪，每窝选2头，分别分至酪蛋白饲喂组（对照组）和酶解酪蛋白饲喂组（试验组）。两组仔猪均以牛乳为基础日粮，并分别加入1．59，6的酪蛋白和酪蛋白酶解液取代10％体积的牛乳，人工饲喂3d后屠宰取样。试验结果表明，试验组仔猪空肠黏膜IGFI受体基因和IGFI基因mRNA水平分别显著（P〈0．05）和极显著（P〈0．01）高于对照组仔猪。说明酪蛋白酶解产物促进肠道发育可能与提高IGFI及其受体基因的mRNA水平有关。 相似文献
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该文在不同的真空喷涂工艺参数（VC水溶液浓度6．7mg／ml～13．3mg／ml、真空度0．02MPa～0．04MPa、释压时间40s～90s）条件下．对膨化颗粒饲料真空喷涂VC后的水浸损失率进行了测定。结果表明：真空度和释压时间对VC的水浸损失率影响显著（P〈0．05）,而VC水溶液的浓度对VC的水浸损失率影响不显著。VC水溶液的浓度为6．7mg／ml,真空度为0．03MPa,释压时间为40s,即为VC在膨化颗粒饲料中最优的真空喷涂工艺参数,此时VC的水浸损失率最低为25．3％。 相似文献
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以家蚕卵为原料,采用碱溶酸沉法制备蚕卵蛋白粉后经碱性蛋白酶水解得到含多肽类的酶解液。以总抗氧化能力、总还原能力、清除亚硝酸盐能力及清除羟自由基(·OH)能力等为考核指标,以维生素C(Vc)及谷胱甘肽(GSH)为对照,测定蚕卵蛋白酶解液的体外抗氧化活性。结果表明:蚕卵蛋白酶解液的总抗氧化能力在质量浓度2.7 mg/m L时高于相同浓度的Vc和GSH溶液,其质量浓度2.7 mg/m L时高于相同浓度的GSH而低于Vc溶液;蚕卵蛋白酶解液的总还原能力低于Vc和GSH溶液;对亚硝酸盐的半数清除浓度(EC_(50))为1.44 mg/m L,清除能力小于Vc和GSH溶液;对·OH自由基的EC_(50)为0.19mg/m L,清除能力大于Vc和GSH溶液。研究结果显示蚕卵蛋白酶解液中的多肽类物质具有较好的体外抗氧化活性,这为利用生产上的废弃蚕种资源提供了新思路。 相似文献
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酪蛋白酶解物在断奶应激中对仔猪小肠性能维护试验 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为探讨酪蛋白酶解物中活性肽在断奶应激中对小肠性能的维护,在pH为1.4、37℃.隋况下,将酪蛋白经胃蛋白酶消化2小时,酶解物用于对比试验。将20头21日龄断乳仔猪随机分成试验组和对照组,试验组每头每天饲喂20ml酶解物,对照组只饲喂基础日粮。结果表明,饲喂酶解物的仔猪小肠受应激影响小,1周后比对照组绒毛高出26.66%(P<0.01),隐窝低出15.75％(P<0.05);大肠杆菌减少17.21％(P<0.01),乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌分别增加了6.49％、6.87％(P<0.01)。 相似文献
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蜂毒肽与黄芩醇提物体外抑菌试验显示,二者配伍对MRS的抑菌圈直径最大为38mm,最小抑菌圈直径为25mm,而万古霉素对MRS的抑菌圈直径仅为23mm,因此可看到二者配伍所产生的抑菌效果均高于万古霉素;体内抑菌试验中,通过急性攻毒实验测出106个/mL浓度的菌液为正式感染攻毒标准,小鼠腹腔注射各种浓度配伍的蜂毒肽与黄芩提取物测定小鼠存活率,以及小鼠肝脏、脾脏和胸腺免疫器官重量。结果显示D组（中等剂量的蜂毒肽和高剂量黄芩提取物）小鼠肝脏均重为65．24±6．58mg／g,万古霉素组59．11±6．12mg／g,二者差异显著。D组对小鼠脾脏和胸腺重量的均数8．29±1．25mg／g、2．87±0．61mg／g,万古霉素组为6．30±1．36mg／g和2．03±0．59mg／g,二者差异极显著。D组提高小鼠的存活数量,可以达到13只,存活率为86．7％,万古霉素组小鼠的存活率仅有66．7％。说明蜂毒肽与黄芩提取物配伍对MRS引起的感染具有很好的治疗效果。 相似文献
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Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
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Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
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Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
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Tropical Animal Health and Production - 相似文献
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Waruiru RM Thamsborg SM Nansen P Kyvsgaard NC Bogh HO Munyua WK Gathuma JM 《Tropical animal health and production》2001,33(3):173-187
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round. 相似文献
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The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host. 相似文献
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H Hayashi T Yoshimura J Y Chen 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1985,8(2):73-87
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed. 相似文献
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Evaluation of biohydrogenation rate of canola vs. soya bean seeds as unsaturated fatty acids sources for ruminants in situ 
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下载免费PDF全文 S. Pashaei T. Ghoorchi A. Yamchi 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(2):211-216
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed. 相似文献
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Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb
albumin
- ALT
alanine aminotransferase
- AST
aspartate aminotransferase
- BUN
blood urea nitrogen
- Chol
cholesterol
- Glob
globulin
- -GT
-glutamyl transpeptidase
- IP
inorganic phosphorus
- TP
total protein 相似文献