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1.
《农产品加工．学刊》2017,(7)
采用超声波辅助碱法提取蕨菜中的水溶性膳食纤维(SDF),通过单因素试验探讨料液比、超声功率、碱液质量浓度、提取温度4个因素对SDF得率的影响,再通过正交试验对提取工艺条件进行优化。结果表明,超声波辅助碱法提取蕨菜中的SDF最佳工艺条件为氢氧化钠质量浓度0.06 g/mL,超声功率120 W,料液比1∶30(g∶mL),提取温度65℃,实际测得SDF得率为36.01%。 相似文献
2.
以山楂叶为原料，通过茶水比、浸提时间、浸提温度这3个单因素试验对茶汤浸提条件进行优化，在确定浸提条件的基础上，通过正交试验优化罗汉果味山楂叶茶饮料配方，确定罗汉果味山楂叶茶饮料的最佳配方。结果表明，山楂叶茶汤的最佳浸提条件为：茶水比1∶125（g/g），浸提时间30 min，浸提温度85 ℃；产品最佳配方为：山楂叶浸提液添加量80 mL/100 mL，罗汉果浓缩汁添加量6 g/100 mL，VC添加量0.08 g/100 mL，在此加工及配比条件下制得罗汉果味山楂叶茶饮料酸甜适中，口感柔和，香气浓郁，感官品质最佳。 相似文献
3.
以羧甲基马铃薯渣为基料,辅以增塑增强等改良助剂,研制一种新型羧甲基马铃薯渣基可食性包装膜,通过食性包装膜的机械性能、阻隔性能、速溶性能以及封合特性等进行研究,结果表明可食性包装膜优化制备工艺参数为羧甲基马铃薯薯渣添加量2.0 g,壳聚糖的添加量0.2 g,海藻酸钠1.2 g,甘油1 mL,硬脂酸0.2 g,所制备的可食性包装膜膜厚为90±3μm,抗拉强度7.88±0.03 MPa,速溶时间25±1 s,水蒸气透过系数仅0.218±0.006 g·mm /（m2·d·kPa）,氧气透过系数仅2.011±0.007 cm3·cm/（cm2·s·Pa）,透油系数0 g·mm/（m2·d）,封合强度高达7.47±0.01 N/15 mm。可食性包装膜质地光洁均一、细腻耐折,可用于食品调味料及粉剂等可食性绿色包装。 相似文献
4.
对海带加工下脚料中多糖的酶解提取工艺和化学稳定性进行研究。在单因素试验基础上，采用响应面法对酶解辅助提取的工艺参数进行优化，得出4种酶解因素对海带加工下脚料中多糖提取量影响顺序依次为：复合酶添加量＞pH ＞酶解时间＞温度。最优工艺条件为：液料比40∶1（mL/g），酶解时间135 min，酶解温度55 ℃，酶解液pH 6.0，复合酶添加量2.0%。在该条件下，制得的海带多糖提取量为149.662 g/kg。化学稳定性试验表明，海带多糖提取物在高温和酸性环境下，具有良好的化学稳定性，对碱性环境稳定性较差，是一种化学稳定性较好的天然活性多糖。 相似文献
5.
铜藻经复合酶解、化学处理、脱色、过滤等工艺流程,提取水溶性和水不溶性膳食纤维,研究蛋白酶种类、蛋白酶用量、复合酶比、料液比等因素对产率的影响,确立最佳工艺条件,并分析了提取的水不溶性膳食纤维的理化特性。结果表明,铜藻膳食纤维最佳提取条件为：蛋白酶加酶量2%,中性蛋白酶与纤维素酶比例30∶1,料液比1∶20（g/mL）,提取温度50 ℃,酶解时间2 h;最佳脱色条件为：料液比1∶20（g/mL）,过氧化氢浓度6%,脱色温度80 ℃,脱色时间1 h。水不溶性膳食纤维产率为32.14%,呈浅绿色;水溶性膳食纤维产率为2.26%,呈淡黄色。按照上述条件制备的水不溶性膳食纤维的膨胀力为(14.99±0.23) mL/g,持水力为1 255.50%±0.15%,吸附不饱和脂肪量为170.84%±0.18%,吸附饱和脂肪量为238.87%±0.37%。研究表明,铜藻的水不溶性膳食纤维具有较好的水合能力、吸附油脂等功能特性,可以作为原料开发多元化产品。 相似文献
6.
研究一款以红枣和灵芝多糖为主要原料的新型饮料。以超临界CO2萃取灵芝孢子油后所剩的灵芝孢子粉为原料,经水提醇沉技术获得灵芝多糖;通过单因素试验和正交试验等方法对红枣灵芝多糖复合饮料的制备及稳定性进行研究。结果表明,红枣汁最佳制备工艺为：红枣清洗去核,以液料比30∶1（mL/mg）的比例加入水,煮沸30 min后,用超声水提处理2次,超声提取70 min,温度70 ℃;灵芝多糖最佳提取条件为：液料比35∶1（mL/mg）,提取温度40 ℃,超声波功率600 W下提取90 min;红枣灵芝多糖复合饮料最佳配方为：红枣汁添加量250 g/L,灵芝多糖添加量50 g/L,柠檬酸添加量15 g/L,木糖醇添加量40 g/L,壳聚糖添加量0.2 g/L。所得产品口感饱满、风味鲜美且稳定性好,是一种新型的集营养与保健于一体的多功能复合饮品。红枣灵芝多糖复合饮料的开发满足了目前功能性产品开发趋势的需求,同时,也可为优质功能性红枣产品、灵芝多糖产品的开发提供借鉴。 相似文献
7.
以乙醇为提取剂,纤维素酶为酶解剂,超声波为辅助工具,对脱脂葡萄籽中的原花青素进行提取。首先,分别研究纤维素酶添加量、乙醇体积分数、料液比和超声时间对原花青素提取率的影响;得到最佳条件分别为纤维酶添加量10 mg/g,乙醇体积分数50%,料液比1∶35(g∶mL),超声时间25 min。根据上述结果设计正交试验,进一步研究这些因素对原花青素提取率的影响。结果发现,纤维素酶添加量对原花青素提取率有显著影响,而乙醇体积分数、料液比和超声时间对原花青素提取率无显著影响;并得出原花青素的最佳提取工艺为纤维素酶用量8 mg/g,乙醇体积分数55%,料液比1∶40(g∶mL)),超声时间20 min。以以上条件对脱脂葡萄籽进行原花青素提取试验,所得葡萄籽原花青素提取率为17.2%,比单用超声波提取法提高了17.8%。 相似文献
8.
以燕麦和鹰嘴豆为原料,参考联合国粮农组织和世界卫生组织（FAO/WHO）规定的氨基酸组成标准模式,确定了燕麦和鹰嘴豆最佳氨基酸互补质量比为138∶18。在单因素试验的基础上对燕麦鹰嘴豆复合饮料配方进行正交试验优化,并在最佳复合饮料配方基础上,通过响应面试验对其稳定性进行优化。结果表明,燕麦鹰嘴豆复合饮料最佳配方为：料液比（燕麦鹰嘴豆复合粉∶水）1∶16（g/mL）,白砂糖添加量20 g/L,柠檬酸添加量2 g/L,在此条件下配制的复合饮料口感最佳,感官评分为88.63±0.97分;燕麦鹰嘴豆复合饮料最佳稳定剂配方为：羧甲基纤维素钠（CMC-Na）添加量0.8 g/L,黄原胶添加量0.5 g/L,海藻酸钠添加量0.3 g/L,在此条件下复合饮料稳定性最高,离心沉淀率为12.40%±0.07%。该试验结果为谷豆类复合饮料加工提供了理论支撑。 相似文献
9.
以葛根为原料,以葛根黄酮的得率为指标,以料液比、提取电压、提取时间和提取次数为影响因素,采用正交试验优化其提取工艺,并对其保肝作用进行研究。结果表明,闪式提取法的最佳工艺条件为：提取次数2次,料液比1∶30（g/mL）,提取电压160 V,提取时间80 s。该工艺条件下,葛根黄酮的得率为6.71%。动物实验表明,葛根黄酮能够明显降低小鼠血清中谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、谷草转氨酶（AST）活性和丙二醛（MDA）含量,提高小鼠肝组织中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性,具有明显的保肝作用。本结果可为葛根黄酮的提取和应用研究提供参考。 相似文献
10.
11.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
12.
G. H. Kroon 《Euphytica》1994,76(1-2):125-125
Summary
K x vadensis is a hybrid of K. blossfeldiana and K. marmorata obtained after doubling the number of chromosomes. 相似文献
13.
Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
14.
Summary Avoidance of rust fungi that was based on poor appressorium induction was previously found in Hordeum chilense. In the present study 95 accessions of Triticeae were screened for avoidance of Puccinia hordei. The percentage of appressorium formation per germinated spore ranged from 6 to 90%. On none of the 41 accessions of Aegilops, Agropyron, Elymus, Secale, Thinopyrum or Triticum studied was the rate of appressorium formation lower than 25%. Lower rates of appressorium formation were, however, found on accessions of wild barley species Hordeum brachyantherum, H. marinum, H. parodii and H. secalinum. Its implications in cereal breeding are discussed. 相似文献
15.
D. A. Bond G. J. Jellis G. G. Rowland J. Le Guen L. D. Robertson S. A. Khalil L. Li-Juan 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):151-166
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses. 相似文献
16.
Chunli TANG Fengxian ZHAO Hongxia CHEN Jiabao MA Jiangcun WEI Meiyan QIU Zhen XIE 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):60-65
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination... 相似文献
17.
Mohammed Riyazaddin Polavarapu B. Kavi Kishor Are Ashok Kumar Belum V. S. Reddy Rajendra S. Munghate Hari C. Sharma 《Plant Breeding》2015,134(4):423-436
Sorghum shoot fly, Atherigona soccata, is one of the important pests of postrainy season sorghums. Of the 90 sorghum genotypes evaluated for resistance to this pest, RHRB 12, ICSV 713, 25026, 93046 and 25027, IS 33844‐5, Giddi Maldandi and RVRT 3 exhibited resistance in postrainy season, while ICSB 463, Phule Anuradha, RHRB 19, Parbhani Moti, ICSV 705, PS 35805, IS 5480, 5622, 17726, 18368 and 34722, RVRT 1, ICSR 93031 and Dagidi Solapur showed resistance in rainy season, suggesting season‐specific expression of resistance to A. soccata. ICSB 461, ICSB 463, Phule Yasodha, M 35‐1, ICSV 700, 711, 25010, 25019 and 93089, IS 18662, Phule Vasudha, IS 18551 and 33844‐5 and Barsizoot had fewer deadhearts than plants with eggs across seasons, suggesting antibiosis as one of the resistance mechanism. Five genotypes exhibited resistance with high grain yield across seasons. Correlation, path and stepwise regression analyses indicated that leaf glossiness, seedling vigour, trichome density, oviposition and leaf sheath pigmentation were associated with the expression of resistance/susceptibility to shoot fly, and these can be used as marker traits to select and develop shoot fly‐resistant sorghums. 相似文献
18.
E. Keep 《Euphytica》1986,35(3):843-855
Summary Cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) is described in the F1 hybrids Ribes × carrierei (R. glutinosum albidum × R. nigrum) and R. sanguineum × R. nigrum. In backcrosses to R. nigrum, progenies with R. glutinosum cytoplasm were either all male sterile, or segregated for full male fertility (F) and complete (S) and partial (I) male sterility. Ratios of F:I+S suggested that two linked genes controlled cms, F plants being dominant for one (Rf
1) and recessive for the other (Rf
2).Segregation for cms in relation to three linded genes, Ce (resistance to the gall mite, Cecidophyopsis ribes), Sph
3(resistance to American gooseberry mildew, Sphaerotheca mors-uvae) and Lf
1(one of two dominant additive genes controlling early season leafing out) indicated that Rf
1and Rf
2were in this linkage group. The gene order and approximate crossover values appeared to be: % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqef0uAJj3BZ9Mz0bYu% H52CGmvzYLMzaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqr1ngBPrgifHhDYfgasa% acOqpw0xe9v8qqaqFD0xXdHaVhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8Wq% Ffea0-yr0RYxir-Jbba9q8aq0-yq-He9q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dme% aabaqaciGacaGaamqadaabaeaafaaakeaacaWGdbGaamyzamaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGWaGaaiOlaiaacgdacaGG0aGaaiiiaiaacc% caaaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaamOuaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaaccdacaGGUaGaaiOmaiaacs% dacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaaaacaWGsbGaamOzaSGa% aGOmaOWaaWaaaeaacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccaaaGaamitaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaaaaiaadofacaWGWbGaamiAaSGa% aG4maaaa!6E4D!\[Ce\underline { 0.14 } Rf1\underline { 0.24 } Rf2\underline { } Lf1\underline { } Sph3\]. Crossover values of 0.36 for Ce-Lf
1, and 0.15 for Lf
1-Sph
3were estimated from the relative mean differences in season of leafing out between seedlings dominant and recessive for Ce and Sph
3.It is suggested that competitive disadvantage of lf
1-carrying gametes and/or zygotes at low temperatures may be implicated in the almost invariable deficit of plants dominant for the closely linked mildew resistance allele Sph
3. Poor performance of lf
1- (and possibly lf
2-) carrying gametes and young zygotes during periods of low temperature at flowering might also account for the liability of some late season cultivars and selections to premature fruit drop (running off). 相似文献
19.
[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and ortho... 相似文献
20.
Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed. 相似文献