共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
春大豆主要农艺性状方差分析及相关分析的研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
对引进的9份大豆优良种的11个主要农艺性状进行方差分析，对15个主要农艺性状进行相关分析，研究结果表明：（1）主要农艺性状中的茎粗、单株粒重经方差分析达显著水平，株高、底荚高度、主茎节数、主茎分枝数、单株总荚数、秕荚数、每荚粒数、百粒重等性状经方差分析达极显著水平；（2）主要农艺性状的变异系数大小依次为秕荚数、主茎分枝数、单株荚数、单株粒数、单株产量、底荚高度、每荚粒数、百粒重、株高、茎粗、产量、主茎节数、出苗至开花、开花至成熟、生育期；（3）产量与生育期、秕荚数呈显著正相关，与株高、底荚高度、主茎分枝数、单株产量、每荚粒数、百粒重、开花至成熟的天数呈正相关，与茎粗、主茎节数、单株荚数、单株粒数、出苗至开花的天数呈负相关。因此，要增加产量，首先应考虑百粒重大、单株生产力潜力大的品种，其次考虑底荚高度较低，每荚粒数较多的品种。 相似文献
2.
^60Co-r射线辐照处理大豆M3、M4农艺性状的遗传变异研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
利用150Gy^60Co-r射线对大豆品种的干种子加以辐照处理，对其M3及M4农艺性状的遗传变异研究，结果表明：1)M3及M。变异系数最大的分别是：有效分枝始节、主茎分枝数、单株荚数、单株粒数和单株产量。2)相关分析表明：百粒重与荚长、荚宽、单株产量和生育期呈极显著正相关，与主茎节数呈极显著负相关；株高与主茎节数、结荚高度、单株粒数和生育期呈极显著正相关。3)对M3及M4遗传力平均值的分析，遗传力最大的分别是株高、主茎分枝数、结荚高度、单株粒数。 相似文献
3.
4.
60Co-γ射线辐照处理大豆M3、M4农艺性状的遗传变异研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
利用150Gy60Co-γ射线对大豆品种的干种子加以辐照处理,对其M3及M4农艺性状的遗传变异研究,结果表明:1) M3及M4变异系数最大的分别是:有效分枝始节、主茎分枝数、单株荚数、单株粒数和单株产量.2) 相关分析表明:百粒重与荚长、荚宽、单株产量和生育期呈极显著正相关,与主茎节数呈极显著负相关;株高与主茎节数、结荚高度、单株粒数和生育期呈极显著正相关.3) 对M3及M4遗传力平均值的分析,遗传力最大的分别是株高、主茎分枝数、结荚高度、单株粒数. 相似文献
5.
研究绿豆新品种（系）主要农艺性状的变异及其在产量构成中的作用,为绿豆高产体系的建立提供科学依据。以国家食用豆产业技术体系绿豆新品种（系）联合鉴定试验（2016-2017年）的25份绿豆新品种（系）为试验材料,对其株高、主茎节数、单株荚数等8个农艺性状进行了变异、相关及通径分析。结果表明,荚粒数变异系数最小,仅7.30%（2017年）,产量变异最广泛,变异系数为35.86%（2016年）;产量除与荚长（r=0.609）、荚粒数（r=0.679）呈极显著正相关外,与其他性状相关不显著;通径分析结果表明,对产量的直接通径系数荚长>株高>荚粒数>单株荚数>百粒重>主茎分枝数>主茎节数,并且株高、单株荚数、荚粒数、荚长和百粒重对产量的直接作用为正值,主茎节数、主茎分枝数对产量的直接作用为负值;综合分析表明,在绿豆高产育种中,荚粒数受外界环境影响较小,与产量的相关性最大,且直接与间接效应均表现优良,应作为主要研究对象。荚长和百粒重的直接效应和间接效应均为正值,也应作为主要筛选对象,同时还要兼顾其他性状的相互影响与均衡发展,充分挖掘种质资源潜力。 相似文献
6.
夏播大豆生育期结构和农艺性状的遗传参数研究 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
试验从339个大豆品种中选取生育期小于100d的103个品种进行生育期结构特性与农艺性状之间的遗传参数分析。结果表明：1）单株荚数与单株粒数、生育前期呈极显著正相关,与R1呈显著正相关;单株粒数与R7呈显著正相关;百粒重与全生育期呈极显著正相关。2）遗传力＞60%的农艺性状分别为结荚高度、株高、主茎节数、R1、百粒重、生育前期、荚长、生育后期、全生育期。3）相对遗传进度的大小依次为主茎分枝数、有效分枝始节、结荚高度、株高、单株粒数。4）遗传变异系数＞25%的为主茎分枝数、有效分枝始节、结荚高度、单株粒数、株高、单株荚数。 相似文献
7.
绿豆机械化生产是未来绿豆生产可持续发展的方向。在南阳盆地种植28个绿豆品种（系）,分析其农艺性状与第1批荚果产量的关系,为适宜机械化的绿豆育种提供参考。结果表明,第1批荚果产量与其主要性状的关联顺序为单株荚数>单荚粒数>主茎节数>株高>生育期>荚长>百粒重>主茎分枝数,其中与单株荚数呈极显著的正相关性（P<0.01）,与单荚粒数、主茎节数、株高、生育期和荚长呈极显著的负相关性;通过表型聚类发现,绿豆品种（系）遗传基础狭窄,在改良适宜机械化生产性状的同时,应拓宽品种（系）的遗传背景。 相似文献
8.
吉林省近年来绿豆品种遗传改良过程中主要农艺性状的变化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以吉林省1986 ～2011年育成的23个绿豆品种为试验材料,研究了绿豆产量及与产量相关农艺性状的变化.结果表明,吉林省绿豆产量在1986 ～ 2011年间的品种改良过程中提高了22.99％,单株荚数、单荚粒数和单株产量都显著增加,说明随着育成年代的推进,新育成绿豆品种的库容在扩大.单株荚数、单荚粒数、单株产量、荚长与产量呈显著正相关,其中单株荚数与产量呈极显著正相关,表明单株荚数是决定产量的主要因素.叶片长与叶片宽随育成年代的推移变化不显著,但叶片宽与产量呈显著正相关.株高、主茎节数和分枝数随育成年代的推移而显著降低,其中主茎节数呈极显著相关,且株高和主茎节数与产量呈显著负相关,分枝数与产量呈不显著正相关.表明吉林省绿豆高产育种目标应放在增“源”扩“库”上,在适当增加百粒重的基础上,选择荚多、荚长的新品种. 相似文献
9.
为了更好的发掘利用豌豆辐射诱变变异后代资源,本研究分别以3种不同复叶类型豌豆为材料,通过对豌豆诱变M2代农艺性状进行相关分析、多元分析、通径分析、主成分分析,明确豌豆诱变后代产量的决定因子。结果表明不同复叶类型豌豆诱变M2的主要农艺性状的变异丰富,变异系数达0.171-0.8539;且结荚节数、单株荚数、单株粒数均与单株产量呈极显著正相关关系;通径分析结果证实,不同复叶类型豌豆诱变后代选择中,单株粒数及单株荚数对单株产量的影响均很大;主成分分析结果表明：单株荚数、单株粒数、结荚节数是高产型豌豆形态决定因子。豌豆诱变后代单株产量的主要决定因子依次为单株粒数、单株荚数、结荚节数,同时对百粒重给予足够重视。 相似文献
10.
对来自于中国黄淮海大豆产区、北方大豆产区和南方大豆产区的316个大豆品种的主要农艺性状进行了鉴定和比较。结果表明,育成品种的分枝数、分枝荚数、单株总荚数明显不及农家品种,而其它性状如主茎荚数、单株粒重、单株粒数和百粒重优于农家品种。以育成品种和农家品种分别所作的相关分析表明,主茎荚数、分枝荚数、单株总荚数均与单株粒数和单株粒重呈显著的正相关;主茎节数与株高、主茎荚数、单株总荚数、单株粒重、单株粒数呈显著正相关;分枝数与分枝荚数、单株总荚数、单株粒数和单株粒重呈极显著或非显著正相关,但与主茎荚数呈负向显著相关;单株粒数与单株粒重显著正相关,百粒重与单株粒重正向显著相关,与单株粒数负相关显著。通过比较和分析,就百粒重、生育期和株高筛选出一些具有极端值的品种,可以用作品种选育的亲本和大豆分子育种如转基因受体或分子标记作图群体的遗传材料。 相似文献
11.
Biological Activity and Quantification of Suspected Allelochemicals from Alfalfa Plant Parts 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Autotoxicity restricts reseeding of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) after alfalfa until autotoxic chemical(s) breaks down or is dispersed into external environments. A series of aqueous extracts from leaves, stems, roots and seeds of alfalfa ‘Vernal’ were bioassayed against alfalfa seedlings of the same cultivar to determine their autotoxicity. The highest inhibition was found in the extracts from the leaves. Extracts at 40 g dry tissue l?1 from alfalfa leaves were 15.4, 17.5 and 28.7 times more toxic to alfalfa root growth than were those from roots, stems and seeds, respectively. A high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis with nine standard compounds showed that the concentrations and compositions of allelopathic compounds depended on the plant parts. In leaf extracts that showed the most inhibitory effect on root growth, the highest amounts of allelochemicals were detected. Among nine phenolic compounds assayed for their phytotoxicity on root growth of alfalfa, coumarin, trans‐cinnamic acid and o‐coumaric acid at 10?3 m were most inhibitory. The type and amount of causative allelochemicals found in alfalfa plant parts were highly correlated with the results of the bioassay, indicating that the autotoxic effects of alfalfa plant parts significantly differed. 相似文献
12.
C. J. Spurr D. A. Fulton P. H. Brown R. J. Clark 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2002,188(4):275-280
Development of onion (Allium cepa L., cv. ‘Early Cream Gold’) seed under cool climate conditions in Tasmania, Australia occurred over a longer duration than previously reported, but similar patterns of change in yield components were recorded. In contrast to previous studies, umbel moisture content declined from 85 to 67 % over 57 days while seed moisture content decreased from 85 to 31 %. Seed yield continued to increase over the duration of crop development, with increasing seed weight compensating for seed loss resulting from capsule dehiscence in the later stages of maturation. Germination percentage was high and did not vary significantly from 53 to 77 days after full bloom (DAF), but mean germination time declined and uniformity of germination increased significantly over the same time period. The percentage abnormal seedlings declined with later harvest date, resulting in highest seed quality at 77 DAF. The results of this study suggest that the decision to harvest cool climate onion seed crops before capsule dehiscence will result in a loss of potential seed yield and quality. 相似文献
13.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
14.
G. H. Kroon 《Euphytica》1994,76(1-2):125-125
Summary
K x vadensis is a hybrid of K. blossfeldiana and K. marmorata obtained after doubling the number of chromosomes. 相似文献
15.
Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
16.
Summary Avoidance of rust fungi that was based on poor appressorium induction was previously found in Hordeum chilense. In the present study 95 accessions of Triticeae were screened for avoidance of Puccinia hordei. The percentage of appressorium formation per germinated spore ranged from 6 to 90%. On none of the 41 accessions of Aegilops, Agropyron, Elymus, Secale, Thinopyrum or Triticum studied was the rate of appressorium formation lower than 25%. Lower rates of appressorium formation were, however, found on accessions of wild barley species Hordeum brachyantherum, H. marinum, H. parodii and H. secalinum. Its implications in cereal breeding are discussed. 相似文献
17.
Summary Reactions of 13 grasses to Meloidogyne naasi varied with species; ryegrasses, fescues and their hybrids were generally susceptible and cocksfoot and timothy resistant. Marked variation in host resistance levels occurred between genotypes within cultivars.Selection of single plants, followed by tests on replicate tillers, identified resistant and susceptible genotypes in both Italian and perennial ryegrass cultivars. Resistant plants had few nematode-induced galls and fewer females and eggs than susceptibles. There was more or less continuous variation, with many genotypes intermediate between extremes of resistance and susceptibility. Selected resistant and susceptible genotypes are of use in assessing variation in nematode populations and as controls for breeding and selection programmes. 相似文献
18.
W. Erskine M. Tufail A. Russell M. C. Tyagi M. M. Rahman M. C. Saxena 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):127-135
Lentil production is limited by lack of moisture and unfavorable temperatures throughout its distribution. Waterlogging and salinity are only locally important. Progress has been made in breeding for tolerance to drought through selection for an appropriate phenology and increased water use efficiency and in breeding for winter hardiness through selection for cold tolerance.The diseases rust, vascular wilt, and Ascochyta blight, caused by Uromyces viciae-fabae, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lentis, and Ascochyta fabae f. sp. lentis, respectively, are the key fungal pathogens of lentil. Cultivars with resistance to rust and Ascochyta blight have been released in several countries and resistant sources to vascular wilt are being exploited. Sources of resistance to several other fungal and viral diseases of regional importance are known. In contrast, although the pea leaf weevil (Sitona spp.) and the parasitic weed broomrape (Orobanche spp.), and to a lesser extent the cyst nematode (Heterodera ciceri), are significant yield reducers of lentil, no sources of resistance to these biotic stresses have been found. Directions for future research in lentil on both biotic and abiotic stresses are discussed. 相似文献
19.
D. A. Bond G. J. Jellis G. G. Rowland J. Le Guen L. D. Robertson S. A. Khalil L. Li-Juan 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):151-166
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses. 相似文献
20.
Chunli TANG Fengxian ZHAO Hongxia CHEN Jiabao MA Jiangcun WEI Meiyan QIU Zhen XIE 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):60-65
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination... 相似文献