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作者应用前列腺素E类似物鞣尔普洛士通(Sulproston)作了诱导猪的分娩试验。在预备试验中,试验组和对照组各3头。在怀孕109天时,试验组静注鞣尔普洛士通(0.016毫克/公斤体重),对照组静注0.9％氯化钠。其结果,试验组母猪平均分娩时间在开始处理后110.3±0.33天,而对照组为113.3±1.20天。母猪血浆孕酮值在处理前(怀孕109天)为10.94-13.27毫微克/毫升,到分娩时试验组为4.62-4.20毫微克/毫升,而对照组变化不大。在主要试验中,应用12头母猪,在怀孕109天时,两次肌注鞣尔普洛士通(0.016毫克/公斤体重),间隔10小时。结果9头有效(110.6±0.40天),其余3头分别是150小时(114天)、90小时(113天)和40小时(111天)后分娩。有效的9头猪在 相似文献
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对27头未孕经产母猪,用双重蒸馏水冲洗子宫、输卵管,测定冲洗液中果糖含量。其结果:冲洗液中梅山猪(11头)平均为110.375±51.52毫克/毫升;二花脸猪(11头)平均为97.78±60.14毫克/毫升;大约克夏×梅山杂种猪(5头)平均为89.28±64.52毫克/毫升。输卵管冲洗液中果糖含量,梅山猪平均为107.44±83.56毫克/毫升;二花脸猪117.96±80.87毫克/毫升;大梅杂种猪平均为84.52+21.87毫克/毫升。冲洗液中果糖的含量个体之间差异很大,但猪不同类群之间差异不明显。 相似文献
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对24头60kg杜×长×大育肥猪,随机分为两组,对照组和试验组.分别饲喂基础日粮 (对照组 )和基础日粮+ 500 mg/kg肽白金"小肽添加剂 (试验组 ).每组 3个重复,每个重复 4头,饲喂 40 d后结束.结果表明添加 500 mg/kg"肽白金"后,育肥猪平均日增重比对照组提高 14.76% (P < 0.05),料重比下降 7.14% (P >0.05),胴体瘦肉率提高 13.51% (P < 0.05),眼肌面积提高 16.39% (P < 0.05),背膘厚降低7.50% (P< 0.05).此外,"肽白金"能显著提高育肥猪血液中血糖浓度、总蛋白含量及生长激素浓度 (P < 0.05).表明本试验条件下,"肽白金'能提高肥育猪的生产性能和屠宰性能. 相似文献
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重组猪生长激素对猪脂肪组织GH-R、IGF-1、IGF-I R和Leptin基因表达的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
选用体质量50kg左右的去势长白×大约克公猪16头,随机分为试验组和对照组,试验组猪每日肌肉注射重组猪生长激素(rpGH)4 mg/头,28 d后屠宰采集背部皮下脂肪,用RT-PCR方法,以18S rRNA作内标,定量分析脂肪组织中生长激素受体(GH-R)、胰岛素样生长因子1(IGF-1)、胰岛素样生长因子I型受体(IGF-1 R)和瘦蛋白(Leptin)的mRNA丰度.结果显示,试验猪脂肪细胞GH R mRNA丰度比对照猪增加了50 9%(P＜0.05),IGF-lmRNA丰度增加27.8%(P＜0.05),IGF I RmRNA丰度增加48.1%(P＜0.01),而LeptinmRNA丰度则此对照猪减少28.2%(P＜0.05).结果提示,生长激素不仅可以直接调节脂肪组织,还可能通过脂肪GH-R介导产生IGF-I,以旁(自)分泌形式调节脂肪组织的代谢. 相似文献
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吡啶羧酸铬对猪胴体品质的影响及其作用机理 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
选体重35 kg左右的杜长大杂种猪144头,按体重随机分成3组,分别喂以添加0、200、400 μg/kg吡啶羧酸铬的相同饲粮,试验期63 d.结果表明,与对照组比较,200μg/kg吡啶羧酸铬使肥育猪的日增重提高5.09%(P>0.05),400μg/kg吡啶羧酸铬使猪的采食量减少5.04%(P<0.05),两水平的吡啶羧酸铬均降低了料重比(P<0.05);瘦肉率、眼肌面积较对照组明显提高(P<0.05),脂肪率、背膘厚显著降低(P<0.05);血糖浓度、胰岛素水平明显下降(P<0.05),血清HDL、FFA浓度及脂肪酶活性显著升高(P<0.05);脂肪组织中的苹果酸脱氢酶、异柠檬酸脱氢酶活性显著下降(P<0.05),激素敏感脂酶的活性明显升高(P<0.05);下丘脑、腺垂体和脂肪组织中cAMP含量显著增加(P<0.05). 相似文献
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紫苏籽提取物对杜长大猪屠宰性能和肉品质的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
试验旨在研究生猪肥育期饲粮中添加紫苏籽提取物对猪屠宰性能和肉品质的影响。试验采用单因子试验设计,选取160头平均体重相近的杜长大肥育猪,随机分为2组,每组8个重复,每个重复10头猪。肥育猪基础饲粮为玉米-豆粕型,粉料。对照组饲喂肥育猪基础饲粮,试验组饲喂基础饲粮+200 mg/kg紫苏籽提取物,试验猪进行限饲喂养。预试期7 d,试验期56 d。饲养试验结束后每组选16头猪(公母各半)进行屠宰测定。试验结果显示,屠宰性能方面,屠宰率,两组差异不显著(P0.05);瘦肉率和眼肌面积都以试验组最高,分别显著提高5.91%(P0.05)和4.02%(P0.05);背膘厚,以试验组最低,与对照组相比显著降低9.97%(P0.05)。肉品质指标方面,大理石纹评分、p H、粗蛋白质含量3个肉质指标两组差异不显著(P0.05);肉色评分、肌内脂肪含量和肌苷酸含量3个肉质指标都以试验组最高,与对照组相比分别显著提高13.70%(P0.05)、13.5%(P0.05)和10.03%(P0.05);滴水损失以试验组最低,与对照组相比极显著降低19.08%(P0.01)。试验表明肥育猪饲喂200 mg/kg紫苏籽提取物显著提高瘦肉率和眼肌面积,显著降低背膘厚;肉品质方面,紫苏籽提取物显著提高了肉色评分、肌内脂肪含量和肌苷酸含量,极显著降低了滴水损失。综合考察肥育猪屠宰性能和肉品质相关指标表明,肥育猪饲粮中添加200 mg/kg紫苏籽提取物改善屠宰性能和肉品质的效果较为明显。 相似文献
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用添加10、15和20mg/kg双氯醇胺的饲粮饲喂“杜长大”肥育猪,均导致了试验猪背部皮下脂肪还原性辅酶Ⅱ(NADPH,下同)生成酶活性降低,其中以15mg/kg剂量组最为明显,分别使苹果酸脱氢酶活性降低35％(P<0.01),葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶活性降低55％(P<0.05),异柠檬酸脱氢酶降低63％(P<0.05);此外,双氯醇胺还使屠宰后30天肌蛋白的降解速度明显减慢。血清生化指标测定结果表明:双氯醇胺(15mg/kg)使血清尿氮浓度降低25％(P<0.05),血清胆固醇下降22％(P<0.05)。由上述结果推测:双氯醇胺通过减少脂肪合成,抑制肌肉蛋白质降解和促进蛋白氮利用发挥其营养再分配作用。 相似文献
9.
顾有方 《青海畜牧兽医杂志》1990,(1)
对20峰健康单峰驼的血液样本进行分析,8种血清酶的平均活力(IU/dl)是;谷草转氨酶8.1±3.7,碱性磷酸酶6.3±1.1,异柠檬酸脱氢酶0.67±0.2,胆碱脂酶8.7±1.2,α-淀粉酶203±54,乳酸脱氢酶262±51,苹果酸脱氢酶40.3±1.4,肌酸激酶35.6±9。其它血液成分 相似文献
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Sung Dae LEE Hyun Jung JUNG Kyu Ho CHO Jun Cheol PARK In Cheul KIM Pil Nam SEONG Young Min SONG 《Animal Science Journal》2011,82(3):461-467
The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of corn dried distiller's grains with solubles (DDGS) and enzyme premix (mannanase + phytase) supplementation on the growth performance, carcass and meat quality parameters in finishing pigs. Sixty hybrid pigs (L × LW × D) with initial weight of 63.92 ± 1.50 kg were used in a 3 × 2 factorial design with main effects of DDGS levels (0, 10 and 20%) and enzyme premix levels (0% vs. 0.14%). Average daily gain (ADG, P < 0.01) and average daily feed intake (ADFI, P < 0.05) were decreased due to an increased level of DDGS additive while the feed conversion ratio was improved (P < 0.05) by adding enzyme premix. The diet cost/gain (won/kg) was saved (P < 0.01) due to an increased level of DDGS additive. There were no significant differences in carcass characteristics and meat quality parameters of Longissimus dorsi muscle by DDGS level and enzyme premix. Palmitoleic acid, oleic acid and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) decreased (P < 0.05) according to DDGS level. The results indicate that DDGS may be used in feeds for finishing pig as a replacement of corn and soybean meal without affecting their carcass characteristics and meat quality. 相似文献
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Pituitary porcine growth hormone (pGH) and a recombinant pGH analog stimulate pig growth performance in a similar manner 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
This study was conducted to establish the extent to which different doses of pituitary porcine growth hormone (ppGH) increase pig growth performance. Pigs were treated daily for 11 wk with 0, 35 or 70 micrograms ppGH/kg BW. In addition, these effects were compared with those produced by treating pigs with 0, 35, 70 or 140 micrograms.kg BW-1.d-1 of a recombinantly derived analog of porcine growth hormone (rpGH). This analog lacks the first seven amino acids at the NH2 terminus. Growth rate was increased similarly by ppGH and rpGH (the maximal increase was 19%). Feed efficiency was improved by ppGH and rpGH (the maximal response was 25%). This improvement in feed efficiency was associated with a decrease in feed intake (17% with the largest dose of rpGH). Both ppGH and rpGH decreased adipose tissue growth and increased muscle mass. Carcass lipid was decreased by 68% in pigs treated with the largest dose of rpGH. The recombinant pGH analog appeared to be less potent than ppGH in decreasing adipose tissue growth rate. All other parameters measured, however, indicated that rpGH mimicked the biological effects of ppGH (including binding to pig liver membranes and induction of insulin-like growth factor I production). Sensory panel evaluations indicated that neither ppGH nor rpGH affected pork palatability. Larger doses of pGH (greater than 70 micrograms/kg BW) adversely affected pig mobility. This impairment in mobility appears to be due to osteochondrosis. Our findings establish that the rpGH analog is equipotent to ppGH in stimulating growth performance and that pigs can be treated without any significant adverse effects when they are treated with less than 70 micrograms of pGH.kg BW-1.d-1. 相似文献
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牛膝多糖对免疫应激仔猪生长性能、炎性介质和内分泌激素的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
试验旨在探讨牛膝多糖(ABPS)对脂多糖(LPS)刺激的断奶仔猪生长性能、炎性介质和内分泌激素的影响。选用48头(28±3)d(8.45±0.14)kg的杜洛克×长白×大白断奶仔猪,采用2×2因子设计,包括日粮处理(0或500 mg/kg ABPS)和免疫应激(注射LPS或生理盐水)。试验期28 d。在第14天和第21天,每日粮组一半的猪注射100μg/kg BW的LPS,另一半注射生理盐水作对照。注射后3 h,采血测定血浆肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、前列腺素E2(PGE2)、皮质醇、生长激素(GH)和类胰岛素生长因子-I(IGF-I)含量。结果表明:LPS刺激显著降低了第14~21、22~28天的日增重(ADG)和日采食量(ADFI)(P<0.05或P=0.05);ABPS显著提高了22~28 d的ADG(P<0.05)。LPS刺激显著提高了14 d和21 d的TNF-α、PGE2和皮质醇的含量,降低了IGF-I的含量(P<0.01);ABPS显著缓解了LPS刺激导致的TNF-α(14 d和21 d)和皮质醇(14 d)含量的上升以及IGF-I(14 d和21 d)含量的下降(P<0.05)。说明ABPS缓解了免疫应激仔猪生长的抑制,其机制可能与其抑制了炎性介质的分泌有关。 相似文献
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Growth performance and carcass characteristics of indigenous Mukota pigs of Zimbabwe 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
Chimonyo Michael Dzama Kennedy Mapiye Cletos 《Tropical animal health and production》2010,42(5):1001-1007
Carcass quality characteristics are essential in affecting grading and revenue that pig producers realize. No information
is available on the grading of carcasses in indigenous Mukota pigs of Zimbabwe. The objective of this study was to determine
the influence of genotype (Mukota and Large White × Mukota) and sex on post-weaning growth performance and carcass traits
of pigs fed maize cob-based diets. All pigs were weighed at 2-week intervals to estimate average daily gain, dressing percentage
(DP), and carcass lengths. Backfat thickness was also measured. Males had higher body weight gains than females (P < 0.05). Growth rates for Mukota (0.31 ± 0.010) and crossbred (0.41 ± 0.030) pigs were lower in the cool season than the
other seasons (P < 0.05). Body weights were consistently higher in the crossbred than in the Mukota pigs (P < 0.05). Mukota pigs showed a peak growth between 12 and 14 weeks post-weaning (P < 0.05). The DPs were 0.70 and 0.73 for the Mukota and crossbred pigs, respectively (P < 0.05). Crossbred pigs had longer (P < 0.05) carcasses than Mukota (655.5 ± 1.68 versus 507.2 ± 0.92 mm). Although there were no differences in the backfat thickness
between males and females of the crossbred pigs, Mukota males had thicker backfat than the females (P < 0.05). Crossbreeding is, therefore, significant in improving carcass grades of Mukota pigs. 相似文献
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An experiment using 264 crossbred barrows was conducted to examine the interaction between space allocation and dietary ractopamine addition on pig performance and carcass characteristics using a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Treatments were 0.55 (19 pigs per pen) or 0.74 (14 pigs per pen) m2/pig from start (29.7 +/- 0.1 kg BW) to slaughter (108 kg BW) in a fully slatted facility and 0 or 10 ppm (as-fed basis) ractopamine for 28 d before slaughter. There were few treatment interactions. Pigs given 0.55 m2/pig had a lower ADG (P = 0.010), ADFI (P = 0.088), 10th-rib backfat depth on d 86 (P = 0.010), and carcass loin muscle depth (P = 0.011) than pigs given 0.74 m2/pig. There was no difference in feed conversion (P = 0.210) as a result of space allocation. Pigs fed diets containing 10 ppm ractopamine had decreased (P = 0.004) ADFI and improved (P = 0.001) feed conversion efficiencies for the 28-d feeding period, along with greater loin depth (P = 0.005) and carcass lean percent (P = 0.001). The improvements in 28-d carcass lean growth associated with feeding 10 ppm ractopamine resulted in an improvement in overall daily fat-free lean gain (P = 0.046). Under these experimental conditions, the response to dietary ractopamine was similar for crowded and uncrowded pigs. 相似文献
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Exogenous pituitary and recombinant growth hormones induce insulin and insulin-like growth factor 1 resistance in pig adipose tissue 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
In the present study, pigs were treated daily for 7 days with exogenous porcine growth hormone (pGH; 70 micrograms/kg BW) in order to determine whether pGH induced insulin and insulin-like growth factor 1 (1GF-1) resistance in pig adipose tissue. In the first experiment, pituitary-derived pGH (ppGH) decreased basal and insulin-stimulated lipogenesis by 50%. Insulin sensitivity decreased more than 90% as the result of pGH treatment. Sensitivity and responsiveness to IGF-1 were decreased 50% by ppGH. In a second experiment, pigs were treated daily (70 micrograms/kg BW) with exogenous pituitary pGH (ppGH) or recombinant pGH (rpGH) for 7 days in order to determine if the effects of pGH were intrinsic properties of the hormone. Both rpGH and ppGH caused similar decreases in basal rates of lipogenesis, insulin- and IGF-1-stimulated lipogenesis, and insulin and IGF-1 responsiveness in pig adipose tissue. In summary, the decrease in adipose tissue growth of pigs treated chronically with pGH is due in large part to the suppression of fatty acid synthesis and a decrease in the ability of insulin to stimulate lipid synthesis in pig adipocytes. These responses are intrinsic properties of pGH since the effects of rpGH mimicked those of ppGH. The role and importance of a decrease in IGF-1 responsiveness remains to be resolved. 相似文献
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免疫应激对断奶仔猪免疫和神经内分泌激素的影响 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
试验研究了免疫应激对断奶仔猪免疫和神经内分泌激素的影响。选用 6头体重为 (7.6± 0 .3)kg的(2 8± 3)d的达兰断奶仔猪 ,绝食 12h后 ,随机选取 4头猪从腹膜注射 2 0 0 μg/kg(BW)的脂多糖 (LPS) ,另 2头注射等量生理盐水作对照。于注射后 0、1、2和 3h ,分别采血测定血浆白细胞介素 1β(IL 1β)、前列腺素E2 (PGE2 )、皮质醇、生长激素 (GH)和类胰岛素生长因子 I(IGF I)的含量。结果表明 :(1)注射LPS激活了应激轴 :与对照组相比 ,LPS提高了注射后 1h(P <0 .10 )、2h(P <0 .0 1)和 3h(P <0 .0 1)的IL 1β水平 ,提高了注射后 1h(P <0 .0 5 )和 3h(P <0 .0 1)的皮质醇和PGE2 水平 ;(2 )注射LPS抑制了生长轴 :LPS降低了注射后 3h的GH水平 (P <0 .10 ) ,降低了注射后 2h (P <0 .0 5 )和 3h(P <0 .0 1)的IGF I水平。结果显示 ,免疫应激激活了仔猪应激轴 ,而抑制了生长轴 ,在一定程度上揭示了免疫应激抑制生长的机制 相似文献
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XY Zeng JA Turkstra DFM van de Wiel DZ Guo XY Liu RH Meloen WMM Schaaper FQ Chen HB Oonk & X Zhang 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2001,36(2):101-105
We have investigated, under the normal conditions of local Chinese pig farming, castration of young male pigs by vaccination with a newly developed vaccine against gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH). Because of the very early onset of puberty, long fattening period and relatively harsh circumstances in Chinese pig production, an investigation of the endocrine response of Chinese breeds to this type of vaccination was of particular interest. Fifteen crossbred boars (Yorkshire × Yanan) from three different litters were randomly assigned to three groups of five animals each. The first group was immunized at 13 weeks of age with a GnRH tandem dimer OVA‐conjugate in Specol and received a booster immunization 8 weeks later. The second group was injected with Specol alone and served as untreated controls. The remaining group was surgically castrated at the time of weaning (at 6 weeks of age). Pigs were fed ad libitum from weaning onwards. All animals were slaughtered at 31 weeks of age. Immunized boars had undetectable or low serum testosterone (0.09 ± 0.12 ng/ml), low fat androstenone (0.05 ± 0.01 μg/g) levels and very low testes weights (19.1 ± 4.3 g). Intact controls had much higher serum levels of testosterone (9.76 ± 4.81 ng/ml), fat androstenone levels (2.26 ± 0.87 μg/g) and testes weights (114.3 ± 29.41 g) at slaughter. Both the immunized and castrated group grew significantly faster than intact boars (p < 0.01). Average daily gains in immunized, castrated and intact animals were 0.69 ± 0.08, 0.63 ± 0.05 and 0.42 ± 0.07 kg (mean ± SD), respectively. The present data demonstrate for the first time that the newly developed anti‐GnRH vaccine works very well under practical Chinese pig farming conditions, and can be an attractive alternative to surgical castration. 相似文献
20.
肌糖原含量与猪生产性能、胴体品质及肉质性状间的关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
试验比较2个不同基因型猪肌糖原含量、生长性能、胴体品质和肉质的差异,并分析肌糖原含量与生长性能、胴体品质及肉质之间的相关关系。将7头纯种汉普夏阉公猪体重为(19.48±1.1)kg和6头长撒公猪体重为(20.5±1.5)kg在相同条件下进行单圈饲养,到体重达100kg左右时屠宰,并测定肌糖原、胴体品质和肉质。结果表明:汉普夏猪比长撒猪有较高的日增重(P>0.05),较高的肌糖原含量(P<0.05);长撒猪有较高的背膘厚(P<0.01),较低的屠宰率(P<0.05)、眼肌面积和瘦肉率(P<0.01);汉普夏猪有较低的pH2(P<0.05)、剪切力(P<0.05)和b值(P<0.01),但滴水损失和失水率(P<0.05)高于长撒猪。相关分析结果表明:肌糖原含量与眼肌面积和瘦肉率呈正相关,与剪切力、滴水损失、平均日增重、b值、pH1和pH2呈负相关,而与平均日增重、屠宰率和胴体长相关性不大。这表明肌糖原含量是影响猪胴体品质和肉质的一个重要因素。 相似文献