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人牛结核病互感关系的探讨 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为研究人牛结核病互相传播的关系,对2800头育肥黄牛做了结核菌素试验,发现结核菌素阳性牛9头,结核感染率为3．21‰;在对4250头屠宰黄牛中,肉眼观察确定牛胸内淋巴结核病灶62头,检出率1．46％,其中细菌培养阳性的30头,占0．71％,病理组织学确诊结核病灶48头,占1．13％。有29株可做菌型鉴定,菌型鉴定结果是：牛型14株（67％）,非典型分支杆菌5株（24％）,人型2株（9．5％）;另外对63头结核菌素阳性奶牛牛乳做细菌学培养检查,培养阳性24株,其中有16株可做菌型鉴定．全部为非典型分支杆菌;为了解结核病人茵型分类情况,在人的痰液中培养阳性的99例肺结核病人中,有47例可供做茵型鉴定,发现牛型结核5例,占10．6％,明显高于全国4．2％的水平。说明通辽地区牛结核对人群结核病的影响较为严重。 相似文献
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奶牛粪中致病性大肠杆菌的分离鉴定及生物学特性的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对呼和浩特市地区不同奶牛场共20头健康荷斯坦奶牛的鲜粪便进行了病原性大肠杆菌的分离提取,共分离到大肠杆菌40株,经鉴定病原性大肠杆菌6株,均为强毒株,占分离菌数的15.0%,而34株为非致病性大肠杆菌,占分离菌数的85.0%。同时对6株病原性大肠杆菌进行了病原性特性的研究,发现病原性菌的生化特性基本一致,与资料报道相符。对6株病原性大肠杆菌进行了抗"O"血清鉴定,除1株有自凝现象,其余5株分属O1、O2、O83个血清型,分别占定型菌株的20%、40%和40%。 相似文献
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免疫乳中特异性抗体对3种细菌所致小鼠腹泻的被动免疫保护作用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以9株人肠道病原茵(大肠杆茵3株、志贺氏茵3株、沙门氏茵3株)制备的混合抗原对孕牛进行系统免疫，以获得对人致病肠道杆茵具有特异性的牛乳抗体。其免疫初乳中针对9种致病肠道杆茵的特异性IgG效价为2^11-2^12，为非免疫初乳的128-256倍；免疫常乳中针对9种致病肠道杆茵的特异性IgG效价为2^6-2^8。为非免疫常乳的16-64倍。动物实验表明，免疫初乳及效价为1：64的免疫常乳对肠产毒性大肠杆茵、鼠伤寒沙门茵、福氏志贺茵所致小鼠腹泻均有保护作用，这是由免疫乳中特异性IgG所决定的。 相似文献
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对大通县某鸡场孵化21d的42枚死亡鸡胚无菌采集肝脏,进行常规的细菌分离与培养,分离出9株沙门氏茵,阳性率为21.43%,并对分离到的菌株进行细菌学鉴定、血清型鉴定和动物试验.结果显示,此批死鸡胚中沙门氏茵的带菌率较高. 相似文献
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为筛选能够抑制猪源致病性大肠埃希菌的优势乳酸菌,采集不同日龄的健康仔猪新鲜粪便,分离纯化得到35株疑似乳酸菌。应用牛津杯法对3株致病大肠埃希菌抑制作用进行研究,筛选出2株有抑菌作用的疑似乳酸菌(11号和14号)。利用生化鉴定和16SrDNA序列同源性分析,该两株菌被鉴定为乳杆菌属唾液乳杆菌;综合牛津杯法和生长曲线、pH的测定结果,筛选出产酸性能和抑菌效果好的14号菌株,为研制仔猪用微生态制剂奠定了基础。 相似文献
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日本乙型脑炎病毒的分离与鉴定 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
收集一例疑为乙型脑炎病毒感染的种公猪肿大的睾丸病料,并将其处理制成匀浆过滤后,用乳鼠脑内接毒和细胞接毒相结合的方法盲传并分离病毒,然后设计一对PrM/E基因的特异性引物,采用RT-PCR方法对所分离的病毒进行鉴定,并将其PrM/E基因扩增产物测序,测序结果与乙型脑炎GenBank登陆的SA14-14-2株(AF315119)和SA14株(U14163)进行比较。结果表明,所分离病毒的PrM/E基因序列与JEV强毒株SA14和弱毒株SA14-14-2相应序列同源性分别为98.1%和97.1%,证实分离毒株为乙型脑炎病毒。 相似文献
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羊口疮病毒内蒙古株的分离与初步鉴定 《畜牧与饲料科学》2022,43(2):119-123
[目的] 确定内蒙古地区规模化养殖场发生的疑似羊口疮的病原。[方法] 无菌采集疑似羊口疮病料7份,经剪碎、研磨、离心等处理后接种山羊皮肤成纤维细胞（goat skin fibroblasts,GSFs）培养;对分离到的病毒毒株进行电镜观察;利用B2L基因引物进行特异性PCR鉴定,对获得的B2L基因序列测序,构建系统发育树,并进行同源性分析。[结果] 3份病料经GSFs培养48 h后出现明显病变,分离的病毒经负染后在电镜下观察呈卵圆形,病毒粒子长220~250 nm,宽125~200 nm,符合羊口疮病毒（orf virus,ORFV）粒子的形态特征,并将其命名为NM-ORFV-1株、NM-ORFV-2株、NM-ORFV-3株。分离株经B2L基因PCR鉴定获得1 137 bp的扩增产物,与预期一致;系统发育树及同源性分析显示,NM-ORFV-2株与NM-ORFV-3株遗传关系密切,处于同一分支,且与ORFV KP336704（中国）分离株的亲缘关系最近,同源性达到99.4%;NM-ORFV-1株与NM-ORFV-2株及NM-ORFV-3株处于不同分支,NM-ORFV-1株与NM-ORFV-2株的同源性为99.1%,与NM-ORFV-3株的同源性为99.0%,且与ORFV JQ904789（中国）疫苗株亲缘关系最近,同源性为99.6%。[结论] 内蒙古地区规模化养殖场疑似羊口疮病例的病原是ORFV。 相似文献
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MAO Xin ZHANG Guizhen QU Jinyao ZHANG Yuhao LU Guozhu GAO Yonglin LI Yanshen 《中国畜牧兽医》2007,47(12):4093-4102
The aim of this study was to search for novel non-ribosomal peptide antimicrobial substances based on the screening of bacterial secondary metabolites.The bacteria isolated from soil,sea water and common marine organisms in Yantai coastal area were isolated and purified.E.coli ATCC 25922 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 were selected as indicator bacteria,and E.coli B2 (blaNDM-5+mcr-1) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) T144 were used as indicator for secondary screening.The genome was extracted and the PCR products were sequenced to determine the active species.The secondary metabolites of bacteria were extracted by organic extraction,purified by gel chromatography and preparative liquid chromatography,and purity was detected by analytical liquid chromatography.The results of sequencing showed that the active strain belonged to Bacillus amyloliquefaciens sp.,and was named as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 9-14 (active bacterium 9-14).The results of antibacterial test showed that the metabolites of active bacterium 9-14 had high inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213,MRSA T144,E.coli ATCC 25922 and E.coli B2.The metabolites of active bacterium 9-14 were cyclic lipopeptides composed of amino acid chains,which belonged to the derivatives of ibuprofen.The biological characteristics and antibacterial spectrum of the metabolites of active bacterium 9-14 were studied.The results showed that the metabolites of active bacterium 9-14 had good thermal stability and acid-base stability.And the antibacterial activity of the antibacterial substance treated with trypsin,pepsin,protease K and papain was not significantly weakened and had good stability.The antibacterial substance also had inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus and E.coli,but had no activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Enterococcus faecalis and Bacillus cereus.In this study,a new antibacterial substance was obtained,which could be used as the precursor of antibacterial drugs,and could provide certain reference for food safety and disease control. 相似文献
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本研究旨在基于对细菌次级代谢产物的筛选,寻找新型非核糖体肽类抗菌物质。通过对烟台沿海地区的土壤、海水及近海常见海洋生物中的细菌进行培养,分离纯化得到细菌的单克隆,以大肠杆菌（E.coli）ATCC 25922和金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC 29213为指示菌进行初步筛选,以耐多黏菌素和碳青霉烯E.coli B2（blaNDM-5+mcr-1）和耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA） T144作为指示菌对有活性的细菌进行二次筛选。通过提取基因组进行PCR扩增产物测序比对,确定活性菌种属。采用有机萃取法对细菌的次级代谢产物进行萃取,通过凝胶层析和制备液相色谱进行纯化,利用分析型液相色谱进行纯度检测,进—步利用质谱对纯化后的抗菌活性物质进行结构鉴定。测序结果表明,活性菌属于解淀粉酶芽孢杆菌种,将其命名为解淀粉酶芽孢杆菌9-14（活性菌9-14）。抑菌试验结果表明,活性菌9-14的代谢产物对金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC 29213、MRSA T144、E.coli ATCC 25922和E.coli B2均具有高效抑制作用。活性菌9-14代谢产物是由氨基酸链组成的环状脂肽,属于伊枯草菌素的衍生物。对活性菌9-14代谢产物的生物学特性及其抑菌谱研究发现,活性菌9-14的代谢产物具有良好的热稳定性和酸碱稳定性,该抗菌物质经胰蛋白酶、胃蛋白酶、蛋白酶K和木瓜蛋白酶处理后抗菌活性没有明显减弱,具有较好的稳定性;该抗菌物质对所用金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌同样具有抑制作用,对绿脓杆菌、肺炎克雷伯杆菌、粪肠球菌和蜡样芽孢杆菌均不表现活性。本研究得到一种新型的抗菌物质,以该抗菌物质为抗菌药物的前体,可为食品安全和疾病控制提供一定的参考依据。 相似文献
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试验旨在利用微生物降解法对饲料中存在的玉米赤霉烯酮（zearalenone,ZEN）进行快速、有效的消减。从不同地区采集了牛粪、羊粪及土壤样品共70份,并从中分离出164株菌株。利用环戊酮作为唯一碳源对这164株菌株进行初筛,再以ZEN作为唯一碳源对初筛菌株进行复筛并获得了8株ZEN降解菌株。采用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）对复筛得到的8株ZEN降解菌株进行ZEN降解率的测定,得到1株降解效果良好的菌株即NF-PJ-5号菌株。该菌株经16S rDNA序列比对、构建系统发育树、菌落形态观察及生理生化试验鉴定后确定为多食鞘氨醇杆菌（Sphingobacterium multivorum）。分别研究该菌株在不同温度、不同pH及不同菌液浓度条件下对ZEN的降解能力,评估菌株性质;同时,初步探究该菌株对ZEN的清除机理。结果显示,在28~32 ℃,pH 6.5~7.5,菌液浓度在2×109 CFU/mL以上时,该菌株对ZEN保持较高的降解率。在30 ℃、pH 7.0、160 r/min培养48 h后,该菌株对初始浓度为10 μg/mL的ZEN降解率达到83%。综上,本试验筛选到1株ZEN降解能力较强的菌株,经鉴定为多食鞘氨醇杆菌。初步推测该菌株可通过产生胞外酶降解ZEN,同时该菌细胞壁对ZEN具有一定吸附能力。 相似文献
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Isolation,Identification and Its Suitable Degradation Conditions of a Zearalenone-degrading Bacteria
The aim of this study was to reduce zearalenone (ZEN) in feed by bio-degradation rapidly and effectively.A total of 70 samples of cow manure,sheep manure and soil were collected from different areas and then 164 strains were isolated from these samples.Cyclopentanone was used as the only carbon source to preliminarily screen the 164 strains isolated from the collected samples,and the second-screening was performed using zearalenone as the only carbon source.As a result,8 ZEN-degrading strains were obtained.The ZEN-degrading efficiency of 8 strains was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC),and a strain with high ZEN-degrading,namely NF-PJ-5 strain.The strain was identified as Sphingobacterium multivorum by 16S rDNA sequence comparison,phylogenetic tree construction,colony morphology observation and physiological and biochemical identification.The ability of NF-PJ-5 strain to degrade zearalenone at different temperature,different pH and different concentration of bacterial solution were studied.In addition,the mechanism of ZEN degradation by this strain was studied.The results showed that at 28-32 ℃,pH 6.5-7.5,and the concentration of bacterial solution above 2×109 CFU/mL,the strain could maintain a high degradation rate.Besides,the strain could degrade 83% ZEN with an initial concentration of 10 μg/mL,after 48 h culture at 30 ℃,pH 7.0,and a shaking speed of 160 r/min.From the above,a highly efficient ZEN-degrading strain was screened in this study,and it was identified as Sphingobacterium multivorum.It was preliminarily speculated that the strain could degrade ZEN by producing extracellular enzyme,and the cell wall of the strain had a certain adsorption capacity for ZEN. 相似文献
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【目的】试验旨在寻找1株性能稳定、环境耐受性强的凝结芽孢杆菌菌株,以在实际生产中发挥其替抗功能。【方法】本研究采集160日龄健康海兰褐蛋鸡的粪便样本,进行细菌分离纯化,并对分离菌进行形态学特征观察、生理生化鉴定、16S rDNA测序分析。通过绘制该菌的生长动力曲线确定其生长规律;利用耐酸、耐胆盐试验分析该菌株的耐受性;通过单因素试验对分离菌株的培养条件进行优化。【结果】分离菌在普通培养基上长出表面粗糙、不规则的灰白色菌落,镜检为杆状、芽孢端生的革兰氏阳性菌。结合生化试验及16S rDNA基因序列分析综合鉴定该菌株为凝结芽孢杆菌,命名为NJ001。生长动力曲线表明,7～24 h为该菌株的对数生长期,24 h活菌数达到顶峰,凝结芽孢杆菌NJ001的最佳培养时间为24 h;耐受性试验结果显示,该菌株pH 3.0温育2 h存活率为59.5%,pH为4.0时存活率达到87.6%以上,对酸有较强耐受力;0.3%胆盐处理2 h存活率为54.0%,胆盐浓度升至0.5%时存活率仍有50%以上,该菌对胆盐有较强的耐受性。单因素试验结果发现,该菌的最佳培养温度为40℃,接种量2%,初始pH 7.0,摇床转速... 相似文献