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1.
饲喂玉米型日粮的生长绵羊限制性氨基酸研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  
本实验采用９ 只安装有瘤胃、十二指肠和回肠瘘管的生长羯羊， 采用随机区组试验设计，研究了饲喂以玉米、玉米蛋白粉和青干草为基础日粮的绵羊消化道不同部位营养物质流通量，以及由十二指肠瘘管按“递减法”灌注不同氨基酸［Ａ：减赖氨酸（Ｌｙｓ） ；Ｂ：减蛋氨酸（ Ｍｅｔ） ；Ｃ１ ：全量；Ｄ：减苏氨酸（Ｔｈｒ） ；Ｅ：减组氨酸（Ｈｉｓ） ；Ｃ２ ：全量；Ｆ：减精氨酸（ Ａｒｇ） ；Ｇ：减色氨酸（Ｔｒｐ） ；Ｃ３ ：全量］ 对绵羊体内氮沉积、血浆尿素氮（ＰＵＮ） 、血浆游离氨基酸（ＦＡＡ） 浓度等指标的影响。结果表明：饲喂玉米型日粮的绵羊瘤胃食糜流通速率（ Ｋｐ） 为５ ．０９ ％ ～６ ．１５ ％ ／ ｈ ， 进入十二指肠中微生物蛋白占总氮的比例为１７ ．７９ ％ ～３０ ．４３ ％ 。绵羊十二指肠中Ｍｅｔ 、Ｌｙｓ 、Ｈｉｓ 和Ａｒｇ 流量偏低，而Ｌｅｕ 的流量较高。与对照组（Ｃ１ 、Ｃ２ 、Ｃ３） 相比，减少Ｌｙｓ 、Ｍｅｔ 、Ｔｈｒ 、Ｈｉｓ 、Ａｒｇ 和Ｔｒｐ 组的绵羊体内沉积氮（ｇ／ ｋｇ Ｗ０ ．７５） 分别下降２３ ．５０ ％ 、４６ ．６７ ％ 、２８ ．６６ ％ 、１５ ．００ ％ 、１７ ．３３ ％ 和１５ ．８９ ％ ；日增重分别下降３７ ．０４ ％ 、５３ ．１７ ％  相似文献   

2.
甘肃棘豆对绵羊的毒性研究   总被引：13，自引：1，他引：12  
本研究给５只绵羊饲喂甘肃棘豆草粉（８～１０ｇ／ｋｇ体重），以研究其对绵羊的毒性。试验羊于饲喂棘豆后的２０～２５天出现中毒的神经症状，并逐渐加重，主要表现为精神沉郁，目光呆滞，反应迟钝，喜卧，四肢无力，后躯麻痹，最后卧地不起，于５６～７０天内死亡。血液学检查发现ＳＧＯＴ和ＡＬＰ活性明显升高，ＲＢＣ和ＰＣＶ明显下降。主要病理学变化为神经细胞、胰腺泡细胞空泡变性，肝细胞、心肌细胞及肾小管上皮细胞颗粒变性，淋巴结中淋巴细胞减少，生发中心不明显等。  相似文献   

3.
甘肃棘豆间歇饲喂对绵羊的毒性研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  
王凯  赵宝玉 《畜牧与兽医》1998,30(3):125-126
甘肃棘豆间歇饲喂对绵羊的毒性研究＊王凯莫重辉赵宝玉曹光荣（青海大学浓牧学院，西宁８１００３）（西北农业大学，陕西杨陵７１２１００）棘豆（Ｏｘｙｔｒｏｐｉｓ）是我国草原上危害最严重的毒草，家畜棘豆中毒在西北、西南及华北的９个省时有发生。棘豆与栎树叶，紫...  相似文献   

4.
新疆美利奴羊对绵羊进行性肺炎病毒实验感染的血清学应答＊邓普辉简子健刘君明阿合贾提白惠敏（新疆农业大学动物医学系，乌鲁木齐８３００５２）绵羊进行性肺炎病毒（Ｏｖｉｎｅｐｒｏｇｒｅｓ－ｓｉｖｅｐｎｅｕｍｏｎｉａｖｉｒｕｓ，ＯＰＰＶ）是绵羊慢病毒（Ｏｖｉｎ...  相似文献   

5.
从Ｚｕｍｔｓ（１８９１）发现反刍家畜由于瘤胃微生物的作用可以利用非蛋白氮（ＮＰＮ）,并首次用ＮＰＮ取代反刍动物日粮中的部分蛋白质饲料获成功起,人们就从未间断过对ＮＰＮ应用于反刍动物的研究。据说Ｗｅｉｋｅ等（１８７９）是最早建议在反刍动物日粮中用ＮＰＮ化合物来代替蛋白质的。Ｌｏｏｌｉ（１９４９）发现用纯化日粮饲喂绵羊时,绵羊瘤胃可合成实验鼠所需的１０种必需氨基酸,以尿素作为唯一氮源时,绵羊处于正氮平衡。近２０多年来,随着对瘤胃发酵机制研究的深入,Ｒｅｉｄ和Ｂｒｉｇｇｓ（１９６７）首先对尿素作为反刍…  相似文献   

6.
山羊和绵羊的球虫种类与形态   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  
山羊和绵羊的球虫种类与形态彭德旺，杨延桂，葛兆宏，匡存林（江苏省泰州畜牧兽医学校）由干山羊（Ｃａｎｒａｈｉｒｃｕｓ）和绵羊（Ｏｖｉｓａｒｔ－ｅｓ）的某些艾美耳球虫卵囊在形态学上较为相似，早期曾被人们视为相同的种，其种名在山羊和绵羊间相互通用『’，’］...  相似文献   

7.
绵羊痒螨病的综合防制   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
绵羊痒螨病的综合防制刘文韬，丁树人，罗天一（黑龙江省兽医科学研究所富裕１６１２００）绵羊痒螨病俗称“羊疥癣”，是由绵羊痒螨（Ｐｓｏｒｏｐｔｅｓｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｓｏｖｉｓ）引起的一种危害严重的体外寄生虫病。多发于冬季和初春季节。传播方式是接触感染，传播媒...  相似文献   

8.
棉酚中毒对绵羊生殖力的影响及其防治   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
1发病原因 2005年哈密某大型羊场出现母羊受孕率下降（20％）的现象，并且在2—3月陆续有绵羊死亡，死亡率达10％以上。经调查该羊场自2004年11月底以来，长期饲喂棉杆，绵羊在采食棉杆过程中将上面剩余的棉桃、棉壳、棉叶及嫩枝等一并食入。由于绵羊对棉酚不很敏感，因此，对饲喂棉杆的后果不易察觉，使棉酚在绵羊体内逐渐蓄积，  相似文献   

9.
利用微贮玉米秸秆进行了饲喂考力代绵羊的效果试验。结果表明,日增重方面,饲喂微贮玉米秸秆的绵羊比饲喂干玉米秸秆的绵羊提高23%（P<0.05）,比饲喂青干草的绵羊提高7%;经济效益方面,饲喂微贮玉米秸秆的绵羊每天每头的净利润比饲喂干玉米秸秆及青干草的绵羊分别增加0.78和0.42元。试验表明,对贵州省毕节市玉米秸秆进行微生物发酵处理是一项值得推广的重要技术。  相似文献   

10.
绵羊和山羊染色体同源性及其染色体组型进化关系的研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
绵羊和山羊染色体同源性及其染色体组型进化关系的研究李积友（甘肃省畜牧技术推广总站）绵羊（Ｏｖｉｓａｒｉｅｓ）和山羊（Ｃａｐｒａｈｉｒｃｕｓ）在动物分类学中属牛科（Ｂｏｖｉｄａｅ）动物。关于它们是否从同一祖先进化而来的问题，诸多学者从不同角度取得了许多...  相似文献   

11.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

12.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

13.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

14.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

15.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

16.
Comparison of different tests to diagnose feline infectious peritonitis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
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17.
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed.  相似文献   

18.
Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb albumin - ALT alanine aminotransferase - AST aspartate aminotransferase - BUN blood urea nitrogen - Chol cholesterol - Glob globulin - -GT -glutamyl transpeptidase - IP inorganic phosphorus - TP total protein  相似文献   

19.
正We are pleased to publish the second special issue on avian brood parasitism and to be responsible guest editors for the two special issues of Chinese Birds (Vol. 3, No. 4, 2012 and Vol. 4, No. 1, 2013), entitled "Avian Brood Parasitism - A Growing Research Area in Behavioral Ecology". The first issue was published in December 2012. The goal of the two special issues is to publish accumulated knowledge and some of the recent developments in  相似文献   

20.
Tropical Animal Health and Production -  相似文献   

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