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1.
试验旨在研究小鼠急性汞中毒后血液、肝脏及肾脏的中毒表现及木犀草素对急性汞中毒小鼠血液指标、肝脏及肾脏的影响。将28只小鼠随机分成4组,分别为对照组(腹腔注射0.9%生理盐水)、木犀草素组(灌胃100 mg/kg木犀草素)、氯化汞组(腹腔注射4 mg/kg氯化汞)和氯化汞+木犀草素组(腹腔注射4 mg/kg氯化汞,灌胃100 mg/kg木犀草素)。检测血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)和谷草转氨酶(AST)活性,肌酐(CREA)和尿素氮(BUN)水平,血液白细胞(WBC)、红细胞(RBC)和血红蛋白(HGB)水平及肝脏组织谷胱甘肽(GSH)和丙二醛(MDA)水平,并观察肝脏、肾脏组织形态学改变。结果显示,与对照组相比,氯化汞组的血清ALT、AST活性极显著升高(P < 0.01),血清CREA、BUN,血液WBC及肝脏组织MDA含量均显著增加(P < 0.05),血液RBC、HGB及肝脏组织GSH水平均显著降低(P < 0.05),肝脏、肾脏病理变化明显。与氯化汞组相比,氯化汞+木犀草素组的血清ALT、AST活性,CREA和BUN,血液WBC及肝脏组织MDA含量均显著降低(P < 0.05);血液RBC、HGB及肝脏组织GSH含量均显著升高(P < 0.05),肝脏、肾脏病理变化减轻。小鼠急性汞中毒后,其中毒表现为炎症和贫血的发生及肝脏、肾脏不同程度的损伤,木犀草素可减弱急性汞中毒小鼠血液、肝脏和肾脏的毒性作用。 相似文献
2.
将200只1d龄雏鸭随机分为2组,攻毒试验组150只,对照组50只,自由采食,预饲7d。8d龄时按100ELD50感染剂量进行雏鸭攻毒,攻毒7d内每日称取体质量并采血分离血清进行生化指标检测。攻毒3d后攻毒组体质量与对照组存在显著差异(P<0.01),攻毒组谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、谷氨酰胺转移酶(GGT)、胆碱酯酶(CHE)、肌酸激酶(CK)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、肌酐(Cre)、尿酸(UA))等指标各自在不同时间阶段与对照组存在显著差异(P<0.01)。所以雏鸭感染坦布苏病毒后不仅对其生长产生抑制,而且对机体器官尤其是肝脏和肾脏的性能造成影响。以上研究雏鸭感染坦布苏病毒后对其生长性能和血液生化指标的影响,为鸭感染坦布苏病毒的致病机理提供了理论依据。 相似文献
3.
鸡实验性有机磷农药中毒血清酶活性及胆碱酯酶同工酶酶谱变化分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
选取临床健康、体重为0.8kg±0.07kg的三黄肉鸡60只,常规预饲6d后,随机分成对照组、急性试验组(皮下一次性注射氧乐果140mg/kg)、慢性试验组(皮下注射氧乐果35mg/kg,连续攻毒25d);每组20只饲喂。攻毒后采血,测定血清胆碱酯酶、碱性磷酸酶(SChE)、乳酸脱氢酶、谷丙转氨酶以及谷草转氨酶的活力以及血清胆碱酯酶同工酶的酶谱变化。结果表明,攻毒组SChE活性显著低于对照组,其他几种酶活性变化不大。同工酶区带中SChE1、2、3、5各组均100%出现,SChE4的出现率也大致相同,主要区别表现在FMB、SChE1′、SChE2′和SChE4区带。有机磷中毒的酶学诊断中将血清酶活力检测与SChE同工酶酶谱分析联合判断,可以提高诊断的特异性。 相似文献
4.
本试验旨在研究不同锌源[蛋氨酸锌(Zn-Met)或硫酸锌(ZnSO_4)]及水平对生长肥育猪血清酶活性和组织器官锌沉积量的影响。选用体重[(33.70±2.76)kg]相近的"杜×长×大"生长肥育猪32头,随机分成4组,每组8个重复,每个重复1头猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组在基础饲粮中分别添加40 mg/kg Zn-Met、40 mg/kg ZnSO_4和80 mg/kg ZnSO_4(以锌元素计)。预试期7 d,正试期72 d,分30~60 kg和61~90 kg 2个阶段。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,饲粮添加40 mg/kg Zn-Met显著降低了生长肥育猪血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性(P0.05),显著提高了血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性(P0.05);饲粮添加40 mg/kg ZnSO_4显著降低了血清ALT和LDH活性(P0.05);饲粮添加80 mg/kg ZnSO_4显著降低了血清ALT活性(P0.05),显著提高了血清ALP活性(P0.05)。40 mg/kg Zn-Met组生长肥育猪血清ALT、AST和LDH活性最低,血清ALP活性最高。2)与对照组相比,饲粮添加40 mg/kg Zn-Met显著提高了生长肥育猪血清锌含量(P0.05),40 mg/kg Zn-Met组血清锌含量最高。3)与对照组相比,饲粮添加40 mg/kg Zn-Met或40、80 mg/kg ZnSO_4对生长肥育猪脾脏、胰脏、毛和肌肉锌沉积量均无显著影响(P0.05),但显著提高了肝脏和骨锌沉积量(P0.05)。综上所述,饲粮添加40 mg/kg Zn-Met或40、80 mg/kg ZnSO_4可改善生长肥育猪血清酶活性、血清锌含量及肝脏和骨锌沉积量。本试验条件下,生长肥育猪饲粮添加40 mg/kg Zn-Met为宜。 相似文献
5.
通过检测苦马豆素（swainsonine,SW）抗血清治疗小花棘豆中毒家兔血清免疫和生化指标变化,评价SW抗血清对家兔小花棘豆中毒的治疗效果。将18只家兔随机分为对照组（6只）、攻毒组（6只）和攻毒治疗组（6只）,攻毒试验兔按干重拌料饲喂10g／（kg·d）小花棘豆草粉,攻毒组试验兔出现死亡时（第70天）停止攻毒。攻毒第21天,攻毒治疗组试验兔注射SW抗血清,每只兔每天0．5mL,连续注射4d。以攻毒试验开始进行首次采血,试验开始后每7d采血1次,进行血清免疫和生化指标测定。结果显示,攻毒第7天时攻毒家兔血清AKP活性和SW含量显著高于对照家兔（P〈0．05）;第14天时攻毒家兔血清AST和LDH活性显著高于对照家兔（P〈0．05）,血清AMA活性和E-玫瑰花环率均显著低于对照家兔（P〈0．05）;第21天时攻毒家兔血清BUN、CRE和GLU含量显著高于对照家兔（P〈0．05）。攻毒治疗组家免注射SW抗血清后血清AKP、LDH、AST、ALT活性及BuN、CRE、GLU、SW含量较攻毒家兔显著下降,AMA活性和E～玫瑰花环率显著上升。结果表明,SW抗血清可有效治疗家兔小花棘豆中毒。 相似文献
6.
铜中毒对雏鸭某些血液指标的影响 总被引：6，自引：4，他引：6
选用1日龄天府肉鸭210只,随机分为3组,分别喂以对照日粮(Cu12.16mg/kg)、铜中毒日粮(Cu850mg/kg)和铜中毒日粮(Cu1050mg/kg)。试验期7周。以血液病理学方法观察了铜中毒对雏鸭某些血液学指标的影响。结果显示铜中毒组、组雏鸭分别于2周龄和3周龄开始出现临床症状,死亡18只和5只。血液病理学变化表现为,红细胞大小不等、变形变性、坏死溶解;红细胞数量和血红蛋白含量显著降低(P<0.01),血清谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶活性显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01),血清铜蓝蛋白活性下降。结果表明,铜中毒对雏鸭的生长发育和上述血液指标影响明显。 相似文献
7.
SW-BSA人工合成抗原与白油制成疫苗免疫家兔,饲喂甘肃棘豆后制备免疫血清,分别进行间接ELISA试验、SW浓度的测定、血清生化指标测定试验,并进行组织病理学检查。结果表明,免疫攻毒组家兔的临床中毒症状比攻毒对照组出现时间延迟30d,血清中SW浓度比攻毒对照组延缓21d达到较高水平,血清中AST、ALP、LDH、BUN活性比攻毒对照组延缓31d达到较高值,ALT的活性与攻毒对照组相比没有显著差异,血清α-甘露糖甙酶活性比攻毒对照组延缓28d下降到较低值。攻毒组家兔各器官组织的病理变化主要是以细胞呈现急性中毒性缺血缺氧和空泡变性为特点。结论得出SW-BSA人工合成抗原疫苗对攻毒家兔有一定的保护作用。 相似文献
8.
本试验旨在建立急性应激致禽类肝损伤的试验动物模型.对麒麟鸡(卷羽鸡)进行持续高温应激后,检测血清中的肝损伤酶谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、胆碱脂酶(CHE)和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性的改变,观察肝脏病理组织学变化.结果显示,高温应激前期,麒麟鸡血清肝损伤酶AST和ALT活性极显著升高(P <0.01),高温应激后期,AST活性显著低于正常水平(P <0.05),而ALT活性极显著低于正常水平(P <0.01);持续高温应激期间,CHE的活性一直低于正常水平,高温应激后期,CHE活性极显著低于正常水平(P <0.01);在高温应激下LDH活性呈先下降后上升再下降的变化趋势,高温应激后期,LDH活性极显著高于正常水平(P <0.01).高温应激引起麒麟鸡肝细胞出现水泡变性、肝细胞核浓缩现象.结果表明,采用急性热应激可诱导麒麟鸡肝损伤试验模型,试验模型具备肝脏水泡变性和核浓缩病理特征. 相似文献
9.
10.
利用重组瘦蛋白进行动物饲养试验研究。结果表明:重组瘦蛋白对猪蛋白质代谢指标有不同程度的影响。腹腔注射0.5 mg/kg和1.0 mg/kg体重重组瘦蛋白后,血清总蛋白(TP)和球蛋白(GPs)的含量高于对照组,其中0~3周差异显著(P<0.05),而血清白蛋白(ALB)的含量只在注射后第3周有明显提高;血清天门冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)有不同程度的提高,在注射后1~3周和5~7周内明显高于对照组(P<0.05);血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)和丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)只有在注射0.5 mg/kg体重重组瘦蛋白后0~3周明显提高(P<0.05);注射0.1 mg/kg体重重组瘦蛋白对猪蛋白质代谢指标无明显影响(P>0.05)。 相似文献
11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。 相似文献
12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections
of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal
(GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April
2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs
located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming
areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology
laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum
columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying
degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal
abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy
season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different
nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those
observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes.
But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the
results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. 相似文献
13.
Tropical Animal Health and Production - 相似文献
14.
Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
15.
H Hayashi T Yoshimura J Y Chen 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1985,8(2):73-87
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed. 相似文献
16.
Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
17.
Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
18.
B. Cinar Kul N. Bilgen J.A. Lenstra O. Korkmaz Agaoglu B. Akyuz O. Ertugrul 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2015,132(6):449-453
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded. 相似文献
19.
Ling GV Thurmond MC Choi YK Franti CE Ruby AL Johnson DL 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):817-823
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors. 相似文献
20.
<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems. 相似文献