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1.
干扰素调节因子（irf3）是干扰素调节因子（IRF）家族的一员,是I型干扰素依赖性免疫反应的主要转录调节因子,在针对DNA和RNA病毒的先天免疫反应中发挥重要作用。本研究中,斑石鲷irf3基因（Oplegnathus punctatus interferon regulatory factors 3,Opirf3）来自实验室斑石鲷基因组数据库,经分析鉴定Opirf3的CDS序列全长1362 bp,可编码453个氨基酸,预测其蛋白分子量为50.0 kDa,理论等电点为4.97,有一个IRF结构域和一个IRF-3结构域。荧光定量分析显示,Opirf3在斑石鲷肝脏、鳃、心脏、皮肤、脾脏、肠、脑、肾、胃和头肾组织均有表达;虹彩病毒感染7 d时,免疫组织肝、脾和肾脏中Opirf3的表达水平显著上调。斑石鲷肾细胞系体外刺激实验显示,不同浓度poly I:C刺激后,Opirf3的表达量较对照组均显著升高,poly I:C浓度为100 μg/mL时,肾细胞中Opirf3的相对表达水平升高,为对照组的86.8倍。siRNA干扰后,斑石鲷肾细胞系中Opirf3表达水平显著下调30%,下游基因IFN-α、CD40、CD80和IL-1β显著下调,IL-6显著上调。以上结果可能表明Opirf3基因参与了I型IFN在斑石鲷抗虹彩病毒过程中的先天免疫反应。本研究可为斑石鲷抗病分子育种提供理论依据。 相似文献
2.
虹彩病毒是造成斑石鲷(Oplegnathus punctatus)工厂化养殖中大规模死亡的主要病原,其感染力极强,感染后的斑石鲷死亡率高,严重影响了斑石鲷养殖产业发展。转化生长因子TGF-β1是一种重要的免疫调节因子,在病毒免疫应答中发挥重要作用。为研究TGF-β1在斑石鲷被虹彩病毒感染过程中发挥的作用,运用RACE和实时荧光定量qRT-PCR技术对TGF-β1进行了基因克隆,并对其进行在不同组织、不同时间点相对表达量的差异分析。结果显示,斑石鲷TGF-β1基因c DNA序列全长为3157 bp,5’非编码区长712 bp,3’非编码区长1278 bp,开放性阅读框长1167 bp,编码388个氨基酸,基因组包含6个外显子和5个内含子。同源分析发现,TGF-β1和鱼类相似度较高,与半滑舌鳎(Cynoglossus semilaevis)的同源性最高,为76.67%。TGF-β1在斑石鲷健康组织(肝脏、脾脏、肾脏、头肾、心脏、鳃、胃、肠和皮肤)中均有表达,在头肾、肠、肝脏和皮肤组织中表达量较高,而在脾脏和肾脏组织表达量较低。为进一步研究TGF-β1在病毒感染过程中相对表达量的变化,对健康斑石鲷注射虹彩病毒进行刺激,随后比较了TGF-β1在脾脏、肝脏、肾脏、头肾4个不同组织、不同时间点的相对表达量的差异,在头肾、脾脏和肝脏中,病毒刺激后TGF-β1的表达量均出现升高,但在脾脏和肝脏中,峰值出现在刺激后第4天,而在头肾中峰值出现在感染后的第10天。在肾脏中,病毒刺激后的TGF-β1的表达呈现下降趋势,0 d表达量最高,4、7 d依次降低,7 d降至最低,10 d有所恢复。以上研究表明,TGF-β1可能响应了虹彩病毒对机体的刺激,可能在对病毒免疫应答中发挥作用。而病毒感染后不同组织中TGF-β1相对表达量的差异,则值得进一步研究。 相似文献
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斑石鲷(Oplegnathus punctatus)是我国重要的海水养殖鱼类, 本研究以斑石鲷肾脏组织为材料, 建立了斑石鲷肾脏组织细胞系(O. punctatus kidney cell line, OPK)。斑石鲷肾脏细胞系生长旺盛, 目前已成功传至 34 代。本研究检测了不同 FBS 浓度对斑石鲷肾脏细胞生长的影响, 结果表明最适生长 FBS 浓度为 20%。将 OPK 细胞液氮冷冻复苏后, 细胞具有活性, 可正常生长和传代。核型分析结果显示, 第 24 代斑石鲷肾脏细胞系核型为正常二倍体核型(2n=2sm+46t)。将 Cy3-siRNA 转染到 OPK 细胞后, 可以成功表达荧光。对斑石鲷 OPK 细胞提取 DNA, 用斑石鲷线粒体色素细胞 C 氧化酶 I (CO I)基因进行检测, 结果表明该细胞系来源于斑石鲷。斑石鲷肾脏细胞系细胞在受到脂多糖(LPS)和聚肌胞苷酸(poly I∶C)刺激后能产生免疫反应, 免疫相关基因 IκB、IL-1β、IL-8 和 IRF3 的表达水平发生显著变化。本研究成功建立了斑石鲷肾脏细胞系, 可运用于斑石鲷基因功能分析、细胞遗传学、致病性细菌和病毒感染机制等研究, 可为斑石鲷的基础研究和细胞工程育种等提供重要的基础材料。 相似文献
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为了探究干扰素调节因子2 (interferon regulatory factor,IRF2)如何通过调控干扰素(IFN)表达影响鱼类的免疫,实验从青鳉中克隆了irf2 (Olirf2),发现该基因在青鳉各个组织中均有表达;将构建的真核表达载体pTol2/CMV-IRF2/IE1-pr转染到胖头鱥肌肉细胞系(FHM)后,发现瞬时过表达Olirf2能够显著促进鲤春病毒血症病毒(spring viremia of carp virus,SVCV)的复制,并抑制抗病毒相关基因mx1、ifn和irf3的表达。进一步通过双荧光素报告系统发现,Olirf2能够显著抑制NF-κB和ISRE的活性,说明Olirf2可能通过抑制细胞的天然免疫应答进而促进病毒的增殖。然而持续过表达Olirf2则增强了细胞的抗病毒能力,同时促进干扰素相关基因mx1、ifn和irf3的表达。因此,Olirf2基于表达的持续时间不同而具有抗病毒或者促病毒的双面效果。实验通过研究Olirf2在抗病毒信号通路中发挥的作用,为通过基因编辑或者转基因手段来构建抗病毒的鱼类提供了理论基础。 相似文献
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为研究溶藻弧菌鞭毛蛋白flaC基因DNA疫苗对红笛鲷的免疫保护作用,实验构建了重组真核表达质粒pcDNA-flaC并将该质粒肌肉注射红笛鲷,采用PCR、RT-PCR、ELISA和攻毒试验等方法检测了该真核表达质粒在红笛鲷组织内的分布、表达和对红笛鲷的免疫保护.PCR结果显示,免疫接种7和28 d,注射点周围肌肉、鳃、肾脏、肝脏和脾脏都存在质粒分布;RT-PCR结果显示,免疫接种后第7天、14天和28天,红笛鲷不同组织内均有目的基因表达.ELISA结果表明,鱼血清内产生了抗FlaC蛋白的抗体,表明DNA疫苗免疫后鱼体表达了目的蛋白,并诱导产生了相应抗体.攻毒实验表明,免疫后的红笛鲷能较好地抵抗致病性溶藻弧菌的感染.结果表明,质粒pcDNA-flaC可能是抵抗溶藻弧菌感染的有效的疫苗候选物. 相似文献
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2017年8月,山东省烟台市某养殖场网箱养殖的斑石鲷(Oplegnathus punctatus)幼鱼突然发病并大量急性死亡。疾病调查显示,养殖海域水温为26℃~28℃;病鱼为4~5月龄,全长为(16.3± 1.6) cm,体重为(156.9±37.0) g;80万尾斑石鲷幼鱼2周内累积死亡率达90%以上,经济损失惨重。临诊检查发现,病鱼体表无明显损伤,但活力差、呼吸急促。剖检可见病鱼脾肿大、质地脆、易碎,肾糜烂,肝有出血点。组织切片观察发现,病鱼脾、肾造血组织中可见许多直径约为20 μm的肿大细胞,肿大细胞内含有大量直径约为145 nm、呈六边形的病毒颗粒。用过滤除菌的病鱼脾组织匀浆液,腹腔注射感染健康斑石鲷,感染组14 d内累积死亡率达95%。人工感染病鱼表现出与自然发病鱼类似的外观症状,且在脾、肾组织切片中也可观察到大量的肿大细胞及相似的病毒粒子。使用特异性PCR引物,从自然发病鱼和人工感染病鱼的肝、脾和肾组织中均检测到鱼类虹彩病毒的高强度感染。克隆、测序得到了1362 bp的病毒主要衣壳蛋白基因(MCP),序列比对显示,该病毒的MCP序列与真鲷虹彩病毒(RSIV) RIE12-1的相应序列完全相同。构建的虹彩病毒系统发育树也显示,该病毒属于虹彩病毒科肿大细胞病毒属RSIV类群,是RSIV的一个分离株。本研究首次证实RSIV可以导致斑石鲷大规模死亡,研究结果为诊断和防治斑石鲷病毒病提供了重要参考。 相似文献
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主要组织相容性复合体(major histocompatibility complex, MHC)是一类编码细胞表面糖蛋白的基因,在所有硬骨鱼的适应性免疫系统中起着至关重要的作用,而关于 MHC 基因的研究一直是鱼类分子免疫学和鱼类抗病辅助育种的研究热点之一。本研究首次分析了大弹涂鱼(Boleophthalmus pectinirostris) MHC Iα基因的 cDNA 序列特征,构建了系统发生树,评估了大弹涂鱼 MHC Iα基因 mRNA在健康个体不同组织中的表达差异,研究了注射病毒拟似物 poly(I:C)后 MHC Iα基因在机体主要免疫器官肝和脾的表达情况。结果显示,大弹涂鱼 MHC Iα基因具有由1101 个碱基组成的开放阅读框(ORF),共编码 366 个氨基酸残基,具有 3 个蛋白激酶 C-磷酸化位点、1 个酪蛋白激酶Ⅱ磷酸化位点和 1 个 N-糖基化位点。系统发育分析显示与大弹涂鱼 MHC Iα基因亲缘关系最密切的是河川沙塘鳢(Odontobutis potamophila)。RT-PCR 分析显示, MHC Iα基因 mRNA 在不同组织中均有表达,其中肾和脾组织中表达量最高,鳃和肠组织中表达次之。大弹涂鱼在腹腔注射 poly(I:C)后,肝和脾组织中 mRNA 表达量明显上升,在12 h 时, MHC Iα基因 mRNA 表达量在肝和脾中均达到峰值。本研究结果表明, MHC Iα基因参与了大弹涂鱼在高盐胁迫下的免疫应答。 相似文献
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干扰素调节因子IRF4基因仅表达于免疫相关细胞,在先天性免疫和特异性免疫中发挥重要作用。本研究根据中华鳖高通量测序预测的IRF4基因序列(GenBank登录号:XM_014581444),设计特异性引物扩增片段验证其编码区;通过荧光定量检测IRF4基因在健康中华鳖中组织表达情况以及脂多糖、聚肌胞苷酸诱导后在外周血淋巴细胞中的表达情况;构建真核表达载体p3xflag-IRF4,检测过表达IRF4基因后细胞对中华鳖虹彩病毒的敏感性,以及对干扰素启动子、NF-κB启动子的活性。试验结果显示,IRF4基因编码区和GenBank中序列完全相同,其推测的氨基酸序列含有1个DNA结合结构域和1个IRF相关结构域;荧光定量结果分析显示,IRF4基因表达于所检测的组织和器官,其中在血液、肝、脾中表达较高,脂多糖和聚肌胞苷酸均能诱导外周血淋巴细胞中IRF4基因的表达;过表达IRF4基因后降低细胞对中华鳖虹彩病毒的敏感性,过表达IRF4基因能显著诱导干扰素启动子活性,抑制NF-κB启动子活性。上述结果为更深入研究中华鳖IRF4参与机体免疫应答提供基础。 相似文献
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microRNA(miRNA)是一类内源性、长度约为22个核苷酸的非编码小单链RNA分子,由具有发夹结构的70?90个碱基的单链RNA前体经过Dicer酶加工而成。本研究使用荧光实时定量PCR (Quantitative Real-Time PCR, qRT-PCR)方法,研究了miRNA-223(miR-223)在半滑舌鳎(Cynoglossus semilaevis)各健康组织、鳗弧菌(Vibrio anguillarum)感染后各时间点的免疫组织以及不同病原类似物刺激后头肾细胞中的表达模式。结果显示,miR-223在半滑舌鳎各组织中均有表达,在头肾中表达量最高,在脑和血液中的表达量极低。鳗弧菌感染3组样品4种免疫组织,miR-223表达变化显著,感染后20 h内,鳗弧菌诱导miR-223上调表达。鳗弧菌感染后半滑舌鳎免疫组织miR-223表达变化规律显示,鳗弧菌感染2、6、12、24、48、72、96和168 h后,miR-223在肝、肠、脾、头肾4种组织中出现差异表达。其中,miR-223在半滑舌鳎肝、脾、头肾中表达上调,在肠中表达下调。用LPS、poly I:C、PGN、RGNNV感染半滑舌鳎头肾细胞后,发现经LPS、RGNNV诱导后miR-223上调表达,poly I:C、PGN诱导后miR-223下调表达。研究结果表明,miR-223参与了半滑舌鳎免疫应答过程。本研究结果有助于了解miRNA在半滑舌鳎对病原刺激免疫应答过程中的作用以及半滑舌鳎与病原相互作用中miRNA参与调控的机制。 相似文献
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microRNA(miRNA)是一类内源性、长度约为22个核苷酸的非编码小单链RNA分子,由具有发夹结构的70-90个碱基的单链RNA前体经过Dicer酶加工而成.本研究使用荧光实时定量PCR (Quantitative Real-Time PCR, qRT-PCR)方法,研究了miRNA-223(miR-223)在半滑舌鳎(Cynoglossus semilaevis)各健康组织、鳗弧菌(Vibrio anguillarum)感染后各时间点的免疫组织以及不同病原类似物刺激后头肾细胞中的表达模式.结果显示,miR-223在半滑舌鳎各组织中均有表达,在头肾中表达量最高,在脑和血液中的表达量极低.鳗弧菌感染3组样品4种免疫组织,miR-223表达变化显著,感染后20 h内,鳗弧菌诱导miR-223上调表达.鳗弧菌感染后半滑舌鳎免疫组织miR-223表达变化规律显示,鳗弧菌感染2、6、12、24、48、72、96和168 h后,miR-223在肝、肠、脾、头肾4种组织中出现差异表达.其中,miR-223在半滑舌鳎肝、脾、头肾中表达上调,在肠中表达下调.用LPS、poly I:C、PGN、RGNNV感染半滑舌鳎头肾细胞后,发现经LPS、RGNNV诱导后miR-223上调表达,poly I:C、PGN诱导后miR-223下调表达.研究结果表明,miR-223参与了半滑舌鳎免疫应答过程.本研究结果有助于了解miRNA在半滑舌鳎对病原刺激免疫应答过程中的作用以及半滑舌鳎与病原相互作用中miRNA参与调控的机制. 相似文献
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Association between the interannual variation in the oceanic environment and catch rates of bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) in the Atlantic Ocean 
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下载免费PDF全文 The environmental processes associated with variability in the catch rates of bigeye tuna in the Atlantic Ocean are largely unexplored. This study used generalized additive models (GAMs) fitted to Taiwanese longline fishery data from 1990 to 2009 and investigated the association between environmental variables and catch rates to identify the processes influencing bigeye tuna distribution in the Atlantic Ocean. The present findings reveal that the year (temporal factor), latitude and longitude (spatial factors), and major regular longline target species of albacore catches are significant for the standardization of bigeye tuna catch rates in the Atlantic Ocean. The standardized catch rates and distribution of bigeye tuna were found to be related to environmental and climatic variation. The model selection processes showed that the selected GAMs explained 70% of the cumulative deviance in the entire Atlantic Ocean. Regarding environmental factors, the depth of the 20 degree isotherm (D20) substantially contributed to the explained deviance; other important factors were sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height deviation (SSHD). The potential fishing grounds were observed with SSTs of 22–28°C, a D20 shallower than 150 m and negative SSHDs in the Atlantic Ocean. The higher predicted catch rates were increased in the positive northern tropical Atlantic and negative North Atlantic Oscillation events with a higher SST and shallow D20, suggesting that climatic oscillations affect the population abundance and distribution of bigeye tuna. 相似文献
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Liping Li Rui Wang Wanwen Liang Xi Gan Ting Huang Yan Huang Jian Li Yunliang Shi Honglin Luo Ming Chen 《广西水产科技》2014,(1)
Previously, we reported 10 PEGE types of 85 tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae(GBS), which shifted from Streptococcus iniae in China, by using PEGE method. Presently, larger and more representative tilapia GBS were isolated, for the ?rst time in China, to characterize their serotypes and genetic diversities more precisely than had done before. 168 GBS strains were distributed in ?ve provinces of China, in which Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan were the major ones, holding36.9%(62/168), 37.5%(63/168) and 19.6%(33/168), respectively. Serotypes, Ia, Ib and III, were observed in these strains and the most predominant one was Ia(95.2%), which mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. Ia initially occurred in 2009, it shoot up to 32.1% in 2010,but decreased to 16.1% in 2011 before went up to 45.2% in 2012. Ib sporadically occurred during2007–2011, III onlyoccurred in 2012. 14 different PFGE types, including 4 new types(N, O,P and Q), were observed, in which B, D, F and G were the predominant types, holding 83.9%(141/168) of the total GBS strains. Ia corresponded to 11 PFGE types(A–H, N–P), in which type D predominated(51%). Ib represented 3 genotypes(I, J and Q) and III harbored only 2genotypes(N and F). Type N and Fsynchronously presented in Ia and III. In summary, the genetic diversity of tilapia GBS varied by serotypes and changed with geographical locations and years.Although Iastillpredominated, new rareserotypeIII alreadyoccurred in China. 相似文献
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Iciar Martinez Amaya Velasco Ricardo Pérez-Martín Eskil Forås Michiaki Yamashita Carmen G. Sotelo 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(4):289-297
The purpose of this work was to evaluate the suitability of a method based on the presence of two restriction sites (for Hae III and Hindf I) in the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (mt ND5) gene to identify Scomber species. The evaluation was performed on 144 reference and market samples by sequencing of the entire 505-bp fragment of the mt ND5 gene and of a 464-bp fragment of the Kocher fragment of the cytochrome b gene (mt Cytb). Sequence analysis of any of the two fragments allows the identification of each of the four Scomber species, but S. japonicus and S. colias had the same restriction sites at the ND5 amplicon and would not have been differentiated by this analysis. Similarly, loss of the Hae III site in some S. scombrus individuals would have misidentified them as not being Scomber. All the market products were correctly labeled except one acquired in Spain labeled as originating in the Atlantic and containing S. japonicus. 相似文献
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In this experiment, a feeding trial was performed to determine the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus juveniles (initial weight 38.3 ± 0.5 g), and the fish were examined following feeding with six levels of FOS (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 g/kg) for 28 days. Significant enhancement of weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) was found in fish fed 1 g/kg FOS incorporated diets (p < .05), while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the 1, 2 g/kg FOS groups reduced significantly compared with the control (p < .05). Besides, the crude lipid in the 4, 6 g/kg FOS groups increased significantly compared with the control (p < .05). On the other hand, the erepsin and lipase activities significantly elevated in intestine of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS (p < .05) and the lysozyme activity in serum of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than that in the control (p < .05). Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase activities in serum of fish fed 0.5, 1, 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than in control (p < .05). Regression analysis showed that the relationships between dietary FOS levels and either SGR, FCR, erepsin or lysozyme activities were best expressed by regression equations, and the optimal inclusion levels are 1.37, 1.80, 3.06, 3.11, 1.93 and 1.80 g/kg for SGR, FCR, erepsin, lipase, lysozyme and total superoxide dismutase activities, respectively. Overall, this study revealed that FOS incorporated diets could beneficial for L. japonicus culture in terms of increasing the growth, digestion and immune activities. Under the present experimental condition, the optimal supplementary level of FOS in the diet of L. japonicus is 1–3 g/kg. 相似文献
17.
Growth hormone (GH) and reproduction: a review 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Florence Le Gac Odile Blaise Alex Fostier Pierre-Yves Le Bail Maurice Loir Brigitte Mourot Claudine Weil 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1993,11(1-6):219-232
Interaction between growth and reproduction occurs in many vertebrates and is particularly obvious at certain stages of the life cycle in fish. Endocrine interactions between the gonadotropic axis and the somatotropic axis are described, the potential role of GH being emphasised. A comparative analysis of these phenomena in mammals, amphibians and fish, suggests a specific role of GH in the physiology of puberty, gametogenesis and fertility. It also shows the original contribution made by studies on the fish model in this field of investigations. 相似文献
18.
Two gonadotropins (GtH; Qa and Qb) were purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography from the pituitaries of Indian walking catfish (Clarias batrachus). The presence of GtH during purification was assessed by in vitro oocyte maturation and in vivo steroidogenic activity, and their identities were determined by elution profiles, molecular weight, biological activities and yield. The molecular weights of Qa and Qb were 37 and 42 kDa, respectively, and composed of distinct subunits (Qa: 20 and 14 kDa and Qb: 26 and 18 kDa). Polyclonal antibodies raised against Qa immunostained Qa, Qb and pituitary GtH cells. A competitive Qa‐ELISA was developed whose sensitivity was 6.25 ng mL?1 (1.25 ng well?1) with intra‐ (3.5%) and inter‐ (12.4%) assay coefficients of variation. Displacement curves parallel to the standard were obtained with plasma and pituitary extracts of catfish, Qb and carp GtHII. The assay was validated by measuring the plasma Qa levels after LHRH treatment and in relation to ovarian growth in the female catfish during different reproductive phases. Based on the results, Qa and Qb corresponded to fish LH and FSH respectively. The findings will increase the knowledge of the mechanisms controlling fish reproduction and identification of sensitive phases in fish in captivity for hormonal manipulation. 相似文献
19.
Controlled infection of Poecilia reticulata Peters (guppy) with Tetrahymena by immersion and intraperitoneal injection 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 G Sharon M Pimenta‐Leibowitz M C L Vilchis N Isakov D Zilberg 《Journal of fish diseases》2015,38(1):67-74
Tetrahymena is a protozoan parasite, which infects guppy, Poecilia reticulata Peters, and causes substantial economical losses in commercial farms worldwide. Studies of guppy infected by Tetrahymena require standardized infection protocols. The LD50 for Tetrahymena infection of guppies by intraperitoneal (IP) injection was calibrated, and the level obtained was 946 parasites per fish. Guppy infection with Tetrahymena by immersion, imitating the natural route of infection via the integument, was studied under normal or stress conditions. Exposure to cold and netting (CNI) and to cold only (CI) followed by immersion exposure to 10 000 Tetrahymena per mL resulted in 22.5% and 19.2% mortality, respectively, as compared to 14.2% and 10% in groups that were netted only (NI) or non‐stressed (I). Histopathology revealed that immersion infection resulted in a systemic infection. Lysozyme levels, measured 3 weeks after infection, were significantly higher in the CNI group (288 μg per mg protein) compared with CI‐, NI‐ and I‐treated groups (94.5, 64 and 62.3 μg mg?1, respectively). There was no evident parasite immobilization activity in body homogenates, suggesting no development of acquired immunity. Re‐infection by IP injection revealed no increase in protection in any of the treatment groups, mortality range of 56.3–75%, higher than in the non‐exposed control (40.6% mortality). 相似文献
20.