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运用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法结合酶的特异性染色方法对美国虹鳟5种组织(眼睛、心脏、肾脏、肝脏和肌肉)的乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、酯酶(EST)、葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(G-6-PDH)、过氧化物酶(POD)、谷氨酸脱氢酶(GDH)、α-淀粉酶(α-AMY)和苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)7种同工酶进行了初步研究,并对7种酶的同工酶位点及酶谱表型进行了分析。结果表明:美国虹鳟LDH、EST、G-6-PDH、POD、GDH和MDH存在不同程度的组织特异性,而α-AMY则无明显组织差异。EST由8个基因位点编码;LDH酶带多于典型的5条酶带;MDH具有线粒体型(m-MDH)和上清液型(s-MDH)两种类型;共记录了24个基因座位,其中5个为多态座位,多态座位比例为20.83%,有效等位基因数为1.4167,表明美国虹鳟的遗传多样性居较高水平。 相似文献
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三疣梭子蟹野生群体同工酶的遗传多态性分析 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
采用聚丙烯酰胺不连续凝胶垂直电泳技术对三疣梭子蟹野生群体的同工酶进行检测.分析了48个样本的11种同工酶在三疣梭子蟹肌肉中的表达情况.11种同工酶(MDH、LDH、ME、SOD、 EST、SDH、IDH、ADH、POD、CAT、AAT)共检测出20个基因座位,其中Me-2、Sod-3、Cat-3、Ldh-2共4个座位呈多态(P0.99),多态座位百分数P为20%.平均每个座位的有效等位基因数目Ae为1.230,预期杂合度He为0.094,实际杂合度Ho为0.175.同时还分析了三疣梭子蟹4个多态座位的Hardy-Weinberg遗传偏离指数d.与日本绒螯蟹、中华绒螯蟹等相比,三疣梭子蟹野生群体的遗传多样性水平较高,种质资源还处于较好的状态. 相似文献
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采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直板电泳技术对乌苏里江哲罗鱼肌肉、心脏、肝脏和眼4种组织中ADH、EST、G-6-PDH、IDH、LDH、MDH、ME、POD和SDH等9种同工酶的分布及表达进行研究。结果表明,9种酶在4种组织中的表达呈现出明显的组织特异性。遗传多样性分析共记录11个基因座位,其中有2个位点(Adh-2和Est-1位点)为多态,多态座位比例为18.2%;群体平均杂合度(H)为0.0395,位点有效等位基因数(Ne)为1.0511,Shannon’s信息指数(I)为0.068,表明哲罗鱼群体的遗传多样性程度处于较低水平;卡方检验结果表明哲罗鱼偏离Hardy-Weinberg遗传平衡。 相似文献
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采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术,分析了兰州鲇(Silurus lanzhouensis)肌肉、心脏、肝脏、脑、脾脏、肾脏和眼睛等7种组织中乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、酯酶(EST)、苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)、醇脱氢酶(ADH)、山梨醇脱氢酶(SDH)和谷氨酸脱氢酶(GDH)等6种同工酶的表达模式,并对各同工酶的酶谱进行了分析。结果表明:这6种同工酶在兰州鲇7种组织中的分布均存在明显的组织特异性;6种酶共记录出17个基因位点,其中EST-2、EST-3、MDH-3和SDH-2为多态位点;兰州鲇群体的多态位点比例P为23.53%,位点平均有效等位基因数Ne为1.24;平均观测杂合度和平均期望杂合度分别为0.137 2和0.105 1,Hardy-Weinberg遗传偏离指数D为0.305 4,杂合子处于过剩状态。从以上数据中可以看出,兰州鲇野生群体遗传变异程度较大,但是有效等位基因数偏低,有必要对兰州鲇野生种质资源及时加以保护。 相似文献
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运用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法对芬兰虹鳟肌肉(M)、心(H)、肝(L)、肾(K)、眼(E)等5种组织中的乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、乙醇脱氢酶(ADH)、苹果酸酶(ME)、葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(G6PDH)、过氧化物酶(POD)和酯酶(EST)进行了初步研究,并对各种酶的同工酶位点及酶谱表型进行分析。结果表明,除酯酶外,其他5种同工酶均表现出不同程度的组织特异性。同工酶表型种群遗传学研究发现,6种同工酶共记录15个基因座位,多态座位比例(P=40%)略高,位点有效等位基因数(Ne=1.4)较大,表明芬兰虹鳟种群遗传多样性偏高。 相似文献
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三疣梭子蟹野生群体同工酶遗传多态性分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
三疣梭子蟹野生群体同工酶的遗传多态性分析=Isozyme polymorphism in Portunus trituberculatus from wild population ［刊，中］/高保全（中国海洋大学生命科学与技术学部，青岛266003）,刘萍,李健,戴芳钰//水产学报，—2007，31(1).-1～6
采用聚丙烯酰胺不连续凝胶垂直电泳技术对三疣梭子蟹野生群体的同工酶进行检测。分析了48个样本的11种同工酶在三疣梭子蟹肌肉中的表达情况。11种同工酶(MDH、LDH、ME、SOD、 EST、SDH、IDH、ADH、POD、CAT、AAT)共检测出20个基因座位，其中Me-2、Sod-3、Cat-3、Ldh-2共4个座位呈多态(P0.99)，多态座位百分数P为20%。平均每个座位的有效等位基因数目Ae为1.230，预期杂合度He为0.094，实际杂合度Ho为0.175。同时还分析了三疣梭子蟹4个多态座位的Hardy-Weinberg遗传偏离指数d。与日本绒螯蟹、中华绒螯蟹等相比，三疣梭子蟹野生群体的遗传多样性水平较高，种质资源还处于较好的状态。图1表3参22
关键词：三疣梭子蟹；野生群体；同工酶；多态性
E-mail：liuping@ysfri.ac.cn 相似文献
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采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术对高寒鲤Cyprinus carpio、荷包红鲤Cyprinus carpio wuyuanensis、松浦鲤Cyprinus carpio Songpu和德国镜鲤眼(E)、心(H)、肾(K)、肝胰脏(L),和肌肉(M)组织中超氧物歧化酶(SOD)、乙醇脱氢酶(ADH)、α-淀粉酶(α-AMY)、过氧化物酶(POD)、苹果酸酶(ME)、葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(G-6-PDH)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、酯酶(EST),和山梨醇脱氢酶(SDH)等9种同工酶进行了电泳分析。结果表明:4种鲤同工酶谱具有明显的组织特异性,其中肝胰脏和肾脏表达最为显著。4个鲤群体9种同工酶共记录了17个基因座位,多态座位比例P平均为27.865%,平均预期杂合度He’介于0.1329~0.1451之间。Shannon’s多样性指数显示,4个群体的遗传变异由高到低依次为:荷包红鲤>高寒鲤>松浦鲤>德国镜鲤。4种鲤具有较丰富的遗传多样性,较高的遗传变异水平,对种质资源的研究开发及利用有重要意义。 相似文献
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采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直板电泳法对蓝色鳞鲤(Cyprinus carpio blue var)进行同工酶分析。结果表明:在蓝色鳞鲤的眼睛、肌肉、肝脏、心脏、肾脏5种组织中,14种酶(LDH、ADH、GDH、MDH、G-6-PDH、EST、POD、SDH、FDH、SOD、α-AMY、CAT、COX、ME)的同工酶谱均存在明显的组织特异性。14种酶共记录出33个基因位点,其中α-Amy-2、Cox-2、Est-1、Ldh-1、Mdh-1、Mdh-2和Sod-1为多态位点。蓝色鳞鲤群体的多态位点百分数为21.21%(P0.99),平均预期杂合度和平均实际杂合度分别为0.1079和0.2121,遗传偏离指数(d)值为正。平均有效等位基因数(Ne)为1.24。实验表明,目前蓝色鳞鲤群体的种质资源状况尚好,表现出明显的杂交优势。 相似文献
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Association between the interannual variation in the oceanic environment and catch rates of bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) in the Atlantic Ocean 
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下载免费PDF全文 The environmental processes associated with variability in the catch rates of bigeye tuna in the Atlantic Ocean are largely unexplored. This study used generalized additive models (GAMs) fitted to Taiwanese longline fishery data from 1990 to 2009 and investigated the association between environmental variables and catch rates to identify the processes influencing bigeye tuna distribution in the Atlantic Ocean. The present findings reveal that the year (temporal factor), latitude and longitude (spatial factors), and major regular longline target species of albacore catches are significant for the standardization of bigeye tuna catch rates in the Atlantic Ocean. The standardized catch rates and distribution of bigeye tuna were found to be related to environmental and climatic variation. The model selection processes showed that the selected GAMs explained 70% of the cumulative deviance in the entire Atlantic Ocean. Regarding environmental factors, the depth of the 20 degree isotherm (D20) substantially contributed to the explained deviance; other important factors were sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height deviation (SSHD). The potential fishing grounds were observed with SSTs of 22–28°C, a D20 shallower than 150 m and negative SSHDs in the Atlantic Ocean. The higher predicted catch rates were increased in the positive northern tropical Atlantic and negative North Atlantic Oscillation events with a higher SST and shallow D20, suggesting that climatic oscillations affect the population abundance and distribution of bigeye tuna. 相似文献
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Liping Li Rui Wang Wanwen Liang Xi Gan Ting Huang Yan Huang Jian Li Yunliang Shi Honglin Luo Ming Chen 《广西水产科技》2014,(1)
Previously, we reported 10 PEGE types of 85 tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae(GBS), which shifted from Streptococcus iniae in China, by using PEGE method. Presently, larger and more representative tilapia GBS were isolated, for the ?rst time in China, to characterize their serotypes and genetic diversities more precisely than had done before. 168 GBS strains were distributed in ?ve provinces of China, in which Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan were the major ones, holding36.9%(62/168), 37.5%(63/168) and 19.6%(33/168), respectively. Serotypes, Ia, Ib and III, were observed in these strains and the most predominant one was Ia(95.2%), which mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. Ia initially occurred in 2009, it shoot up to 32.1% in 2010,but decreased to 16.1% in 2011 before went up to 45.2% in 2012. Ib sporadically occurred during2007–2011, III onlyoccurred in 2012. 14 different PFGE types, including 4 new types(N, O,P and Q), were observed, in which B, D, F and G were the predominant types, holding 83.9%(141/168) of the total GBS strains. Ia corresponded to 11 PFGE types(A–H, N–P), in which type D predominated(51%). Ib represented 3 genotypes(I, J and Q) and III harbored only 2genotypes(N and F). Type N and Fsynchronously presented in Ia and III. In summary, the genetic diversity of tilapia GBS varied by serotypes and changed with geographical locations and years.Although Iastillpredominated, new rareserotypeIII alreadyoccurred in China. 相似文献
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Iciar Martinez Amaya Velasco Ricardo Pérez-Martín Eskil Forås Michiaki Yamashita Carmen G. Sotelo 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(4):289-297
The purpose of this work was to evaluate the suitability of a method based on the presence of two restriction sites (for Hae III and Hindf I) in the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (mt ND5) gene to identify Scomber species. The evaluation was performed on 144 reference and market samples by sequencing of the entire 505-bp fragment of the mt ND5 gene and of a 464-bp fragment of the Kocher fragment of the cytochrome b gene (mt Cytb). Sequence analysis of any of the two fragments allows the identification of each of the four Scomber species, but S. japonicus and S. colias had the same restriction sites at the ND5 amplicon and would not have been differentiated by this analysis. Similarly, loss of the Hae III site in some S. scombrus individuals would have misidentified them as not being Scomber. All the market products were correctly labeled except one acquired in Spain labeled as originating in the Atlantic and containing S. japonicus. 相似文献
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In this experiment, a feeding trial was performed to determine the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus juveniles (initial weight 38.3 ± 0.5 g), and the fish were examined following feeding with six levels of FOS (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 g/kg) for 28 days. Significant enhancement of weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) was found in fish fed 1 g/kg FOS incorporated diets (p < .05), while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the 1, 2 g/kg FOS groups reduced significantly compared with the control (p < .05). Besides, the crude lipid in the 4, 6 g/kg FOS groups increased significantly compared with the control (p < .05). On the other hand, the erepsin and lipase activities significantly elevated in intestine of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS (p < .05) and the lysozyme activity in serum of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than that in the control (p < .05). Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase activities in serum of fish fed 0.5, 1, 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than in control (p < .05). Regression analysis showed that the relationships between dietary FOS levels and either SGR, FCR, erepsin or lysozyme activities were best expressed by regression equations, and the optimal inclusion levels are 1.37, 1.80, 3.06, 3.11, 1.93 and 1.80 g/kg for SGR, FCR, erepsin, lipase, lysozyme and total superoxide dismutase activities, respectively. Overall, this study revealed that FOS incorporated diets could beneficial for L. japonicus culture in terms of increasing the growth, digestion and immune activities. Under the present experimental condition, the optimal supplementary level of FOS in the diet of L. japonicus is 1–3 g/kg. 相似文献
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Growth hormone (GH) and reproduction: a review 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Florence Le Gac Odile Blaise Alex Fostier Pierre-Yves Le Bail Maurice Loir Brigitte Mourot Claudine Weil 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1993,11(1-6):219-232
Interaction between growth and reproduction occurs in many vertebrates and is particularly obvious at certain stages of the life cycle in fish. Endocrine interactions between the gonadotropic axis and the somatotropic axis are described, the potential role of GH being emphasised. A comparative analysis of these phenomena in mammals, amphibians and fish, suggests a specific role of GH in the physiology of puberty, gametogenesis and fertility. It also shows the original contribution made by studies on the fish model in this field of investigations. 相似文献
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Two gonadotropins (GtH; Qa and Qb) were purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography from the pituitaries of Indian walking catfish (Clarias batrachus). The presence of GtH during purification was assessed by in vitro oocyte maturation and in vivo steroidogenic activity, and their identities were determined by elution profiles, molecular weight, biological activities and yield. The molecular weights of Qa and Qb were 37 and 42 kDa, respectively, and composed of distinct subunits (Qa: 20 and 14 kDa and Qb: 26 and 18 kDa). Polyclonal antibodies raised against Qa immunostained Qa, Qb and pituitary GtH cells. A competitive Qa‐ELISA was developed whose sensitivity was 6.25 ng mL?1 (1.25 ng well?1) with intra‐ (3.5%) and inter‐ (12.4%) assay coefficients of variation. Displacement curves parallel to the standard were obtained with plasma and pituitary extracts of catfish, Qb and carp GtHII. The assay was validated by measuring the plasma Qa levels after LHRH treatment and in relation to ovarian growth in the female catfish during different reproductive phases. Based on the results, Qa and Qb corresponded to fish LH and FSH respectively. The findings will increase the knowledge of the mechanisms controlling fish reproduction and identification of sensitive phases in fish in captivity for hormonal manipulation. 相似文献
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Controlled infection of Poecilia reticulata Peters (guppy) with Tetrahymena by immersion and intraperitoneal injection 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 G Sharon M Pimenta‐Leibowitz M C L Vilchis N Isakov D Zilberg 《Journal of fish diseases》2015,38(1):67-74
Tetrahymena is a protozoan parasite, which infects guppy, Poecilia reticulata Peters, and causes substantial economical losses in commercial farms worldwide. Studies of guppy infected by Tetrahymena require standardized infection protocols. The LD50 for Tetrahymena infection of guppies by intraperitoneal (IP) injection was calibrated, and the level obtained was 946 parasites per fish. Guppy infection with Tetrahymena by immersion, imitating the natural route of infection via the integument, was studied under normal or stress conditions. Exposure to cold and netting (CNI) and to cold only (CI) followed by immersion exposure to 10 000 Tetrahymena per mL resulted in 22.5% and 19.2% mortality, respectively, as compared to 14.2% and 10% in groups that were netted only (NI) or non‐stressed (I). Histopathology revealed that immersion infection resulted in a systemic infection. Lysozyme levels, measured 3 weeks after infection, were significantly higher in the CNI group (288 μg per mg protein) compared with CI‐, NI‐ and I‐treated groups (94.5, 64 and 62.3 μg mg?1, respectively). There was no evident parasite immobilization activity in body homogenates, suggesting no development of acquired immunity. Re‐infection by IP injection revealed no increase in protection in any of the treatment groups, mortality range of 56.3–75%, higher than in the non‐exposed control (40.6% mortality). 相似文献
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