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将40只SPF级SD大鼠随机均分为地塞米松免疫抑制感染组和对照组n=20,免疫抑制感染组大鼠一次性接种1×106个/L微小隐孢子虫卵囊液1mL,空白对照组接种1mL灭菌生理盐水。于试验结束后宰杀大鼠,立即剖检取小肠、脾、肺,Bouin液固定,常规石蜡切片,HE染色,奥林巴斯显微摄影系统观察并显微摄影。结果显示,免疫抑制感染组大鼠小肠绒毛和肠腺受损严重,数量明显减少,结构模糊,绒毛上皮细胞和肠腺细胞明显肿胀、解体,细胞结构消失;肾脏肾小体数量减少,有的血管球明显萎缩甚至碎解,肾小囊腔明显增大,有的肾小囊壁层细胞的连续性遭到破坏;肺脏肺泡隔明显增厚,充血现象严重,肺泡隔内的细胞萎缩,胞核固缩,细胞结构模糊。试验结果表明,微小隐孢子虫对大鼠小肠、肾和肺等器官的组织结构具有明显损伤作用,进而影响大鼠的消化吸收、泌尿和呼吸等功能。 相似文献
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90只SPF级SD系大鼠随机分为空白对照组、免疫抑制对照组、免疫抑制微小隐孢子虫感染组(n=30)。免疫抑制感染组大鼠一次性接种1×106/L微小隐孢子虫卵囊液1mL,对照组接种1mL的生理盐水。于0,2,7,13,19d采集血样,检测大鼠血液红细胞、白细胞、血红蛋白含量及大鼠血清总蛋白、尿素氮、肌酐、甘油三酯、尿酸、总胆固醇、血糖含量变化,以研究微小隐孢子虫感染对大鼠血液部分生理生化指标的影响。结果表明:大鼠感染微小隐孢子虫后,对大鼠血液生理指标有一定的影响,但对生化指标没有明显的影响。 相似文献
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80只SPF级SD系大鼠随机分成地塞米松免疫抑制感染组和对照组(n=40),免疫抑制感染组大鼠一次性接种1×106/L微小隐孢子虫卵囊液1 mL,对照组接种1 mL生理盐水.于感染前(0 d)和感染后2,7,13,19 d分别宰杀10只大鼠,采集心脏、大脑,检测其GSH-Px、CuZn-SOD、Mn-SOD、总SOD、CAT活性和MDA含量的变化.结果表明,与对照组相比,大鼠感染微小隐孢子虫后,心脏组织的GSH-Px、总SOD、CuZn-SOD、Mn-SOD和CAT活性极显著下降(P＜0.01);DA含量极显著高于对照组(P＜0.01).脑组织的GSH-Px、总SOD活性在感染后与对照组相比极显著下降(P＜0.01);DA含量在感染后极显著升高(P＜0.01),而脑组织CAT活性在感染后变化不明显. 相似文献
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小熊猫犬瘟热继发大肠杆菌的诊治 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
1病理学诊断心外膜疏松、水肿,毛细血管扩张、充血、出血,心肌纤维变性,肌横纹不清,胞浆均质红染。肝小叶中央静脉扩张瘀血,肝细胞体积增大,发生“气球样”病变,严重者发生破裂溶解,肝窦扩张瘀血。脾窦扩张瘀血、出血,白髓发生凝固性坏死。肺支气管上皮变性、坏死、脱落,管腔和肺泡腔内充满大量黏液和各种细胞,在部分上皮细胞的胞浆内可见嗜酸性的球形包涵体。肺泡壁增厚,毛细血管扩张、充血。肾小球肿大,网状内皮细胞增生,肾小囊内充满红细胞和浆液。肾小管上皮细胞肿胀,发生颗粒变性,甚至坏死。间质内可见局灶性的出血和炎症细胞的浸润,呈… 相似文献
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《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2015,(15)
为了观察毛驴肝脏、胰腺组织学结构并检测Ghrelin在毛驴肝脏、胰腺的表达情况,试验以新疆毛驴的肝脏、胰腺为材料,通过制作石蜡切片、H.E.染色和免疫组化染色技术,对新疆毛驴正常状态下的肝脏、胰腺的组织形态学结构和Ghrelin阳性细胞的表达情况进行研究和分析。结果表明:肝脏由被膜和实质组成,肝小叶分界不明显,肝小叶以中央静脉为轴心向四周呈放射状排列形成肝索,肝细胞较大,细胞间的窦状隙明显;胰腺为复管泡状腺,外分泌部为纯浆液性腺,包括腺泡和导管,内分泌部的胰岛数量较少,胰岛周围由结缔组织与外分泌部呈不完全分开。Ghrelin阳性细胞在肝脏和胰腺中均有表达;在肝小叶和胰腺外分泌部Ghrelin阳性细胞着色较深,呈深棕黄色,阳性细胞数量较多;在肝门管区和胰腺导管周围也偶见Ghrelin阳性细胞,但着色较浅,呈浅棕黄色。 相似文献
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肉鸡腹水症心肝肺显微和超微结构研究 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
运用光镜、电镜技术，观察了肉鸡腹水症自然发病鸡心、肝、肺的显微和超微结构。肺呈弥散性充血和水肿，三级支气管和肺房扩张，平滑肌肥大，软骨样和骨样小结节病灶明显增多，呼吸毛细管上皮细胞内出现大量空泡，肺气－血屏障结构受破坏。心脏肥大，右心扩张，心肌纤维间淤血、水肿，充满大量炎性细胞和结缔组织细胞。心肌变性坏死，肌原纤维断裂，有的横纹消失。肝充血肿大，表面被覆一层灰白色或淡黄色胶冻样物。肝血窦扩张，肝细胞索排列紊乱，肝细胞界限不明显，肝细胞质内的线粒体嵴模糊不清 相似文献
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Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
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Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
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Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
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Tropical Animal Health and Production - 相似文献
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Waruiru RM Thamsborg SM Nansen P Kyvsgaard NC Bogh HO Munyua WK Gathuma JM 《Tropical animal health and production》2001,33(3):173-187
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round. 相似文献
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The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host. 相似文献
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H Hayashi T Yoshimura J Y Chen 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1985,8(2):73-87
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed. 相似文献
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Evaluation of biohydrogenation rate of canola vs. soya bean seeds as unsaturated fatty acids sources for ruminants in situ 
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下载免费PDF全文 S. Pashaei T. Ghoorchi A. Yamchi 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(2):211-216
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed. 相似文献
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Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb
albumin
- ALT
alanine aminotransferase
- AST
aspartate aminotransferase
- BUN
blood urea nitrogen
- Chol
cholesterol
- Glob
globulin
- -GT
-glutamyl transpeptidase
- IP
inorganic phosphorus
- TP
total protein 相似文献