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1.
将10周龄雄性昆明小鼠随机分为硝基苯染毒组（26mg／kg、52mg／kg、105mg／kg）、花生油溶剂对照组、生理盐水对照组。对各组试验小鼠进行处理后，于第30d检测小鼠血清和睾丸中SOD、GSH-Px、CAT的活性及MDA含量，并通过DNA Ladder条带和透射电镜检测睾丸细胞的凋亡。结果，染毒组血清及睾丸中SOD、GSH—Px、CAT的活性显著或极显著（P〈0.01或P〈0．05）低于溶剂对照组，MDA含量显著或极显著（P〈0．01或P〈0，05）高于溶剂对照组，染毒组均显示DNA Ladder条带；电镜下细胞核皱缩，异染色质边聚，呈现典型凋亡现象。结果表明，硝基苯中毒能够诱使睾丸发生氧化应激，进而导致睾丸细胞发生凋亡，抗氧化酶在睾丸细胞凋亡中具有一定的作用。  相似文献   

2.
研究枸杞多糖(LBP)对双酚A(BPA)暴露小鼠睾丸生精细胞中Caspase-3、Bcl-2和Bax凋亡蛋白表达的影响.将50只成年雄性昆明小鼠随机分为A、B、C、D、E共5组,每组10只.除正常对照组(A组)注射等量橄榄油外,其余4组小鼠分别腹腔注射20 mg·kg 1的BPA,连续7d,建立生精损伤模型.同时C、D、E组小鼠分别灌服7d不同剂量的LBP(50、100、200 mg·kg-1),正常对照组(A组)和模型组(B组)小鼠灌服等量生理盐水.制备组织切片观察睾丸组织病理学变化,免疫组化法测定睾丸组织Caspase-3、Bax和Bcl-2凋亡蛋白的表达.结果显示,BPA可极显著增加睾丸生精细胞Caspase-3和Bax的阳性细胞数量(P＜0.01),降低Bcl-2的表达(P＜0.05).补充不同剂量LBP后,Caspase-3的阳性表达均极显著低于模型组(P＜0.01).200 mg·kg-1 LBP组生精细胞Bax的阳性细胞数量极显著低于模型组(P＜0.01);Bcl-2的表达随LBP剂量的增加而提高,其中200 mg·kg1LBP组阳性表达极显著高于模型组(P＜0.01),Bcl-2/Bax比值也随着LBP剂量的增加而上升.结果表明,枸杞多糖通过调节凋亡相关基因的表达,抑制生精细胞凋亡,从而缓解双酚A引起的雄性生殖损伤.  相似文献   

3.
给肺炎模型小鼠腹腔分别注射高剂量（200mg／kg·d）和低剂量（100mg／kg·d）的穿心莲内酯，7d后，测定小鼠肺脏指数、肺组织病理变化和血液中相关免疫细胞数量的变化，探讨穿心莲内酯对呼吸道感染的影响。结果表明，与模型组相比，穿心莲内酯高、低剂量组小鼠肺脏病变评分显著降低（P〈0．01）；穿心莲内酯高剂量组小鼠肺指数显著降低（P〈0．05）；穿心莲内酯高、低剂量组小鼠血液中淋巴细胞数量显著降低（P〈0．05），穿心莲内酯低剂量组小鼠血液中中性粒细胞数量显著升高（P〈0．05）。说明穿心莲内酯能显著降低肺炎小鼠淋巴细胞数量和小鼠肺指数，减缓或消退肺部炎症，对小鼠呼吸道感染有明显保护作用。  相似文献   

4.
为探讨枸杞多糖（LBP）对己烯雌酚（DES）致成年雄性仓鼠生殖损伤的保护作用,66只成年雄性仓鼠随机分为空白对照组（A）、DES组（B）、LBP组（C、D、E）及VC＋VE组（F）。除对照组注射橄榄油外,其余5组皮下注射DES,连续用药7d,同时C、D、E组分别灌服1,10,50mg/kg的LBP,F组灌服100mg/kg的VC及200IU/kg的VE,A、B组灌服等剂量的生理盐水,于末次给药24h后取材。摘取睾丸、附睾和精囊腺测质量并观察睾丸组织结构,检测血清中SOD、GSH-Px、MDA及T、LH、FSH、E2的水平。结果显示,DES能显著降低仓鼠体质量及生殖器官质量,而10,50mg/kg LBP及维生素对其有显著缓解作用（P〈0.05）;DES处理组仓鼠睾丸组织结构严重损伤,应用LBP后其损伤程度显著减轻,其中以10,50mg/kg LBP的作用最为明显,VC＋VE的缓解作用与50mg/kg LBP组接近;随着LBP剂量的增加,血清中SOD、GSH-Px的水平增加（P〈0.01）,而MDA的水平下降（P〈0.01）,维生素组与LBP组的变化趋势一致;LBP对血清激素水平也有不同程度的提高,其中以50mg/kg作用最为显著（P〈0.01）。这表明50mg/kg LBP能显著缓解DES致成年雄性仓鼠睾丸生精损伤。  相似文献   

5.
试验将1日龄艾维菌肉鸡健雏200只随机分为4组,分别喂以基础日粮（Zn 100mg／kg,A组）、高锌日粮Ⅰ（Zn1500mg／kg,B组）、高锌日粮Ⅱ（Zn2000mg／kg,C组）和高锌日粮Ⅲ（Zn2500mg／kg,D组）,试验期为7周。结果表明：B组血清碱性磷酸酶（AKP）活性显著升高（P〈0．05）,D组显著降低（P〈0．05）;血清碱性磷酸酶的同工酶亦受到不同程度的影响;谷丙转氨酶（GPT）、淀粉酶（AMY）活性各试验组显著升高（P〈0．05）;肌酸激酶（CK）活性在试验初期升高,中期不同程度降低（P〈0．05）,试验结束时与对照组无显著差异（P〉0．05）;血清总蛋白（TP）、球蛋白（GLB）含量随锌水平的升高而升高,白蛋白（ALB）含量下降,但均与对照组比较差异不显著（P〉0．05）;血清锌含量随饲料锌水平增高而显著升高（P〈0．05）;血清中钙、磷含量则与饲料锌水平呈负相关。  相似文献   

6.
用氢化可的松注射液制造免疫功能抑制小鼠模型,以左旋咪唑及黄芪多糖为阳性对照,设计茯苓散高（200mg／kg）、中（100mg／kg）、低（50mg／kg）3个剂量组（以茯苓多糖计）。给各组分别灌注生理盐水或药物,连续14d。试验从3个方面6个试验进行茯苓散药效学方面的考察,即巨噬细胞功能测定（小鼠巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞试验、茯苓散对小鼠非特异性免疫功能的影响一碳粒廓清法）、细胞免疫功能测定（茯苓散对小鼠免疫器官的影响、茯苓散对二硝基氟苯诱导小鼠迟发型变态反应的影响）、体液免疫功能测定（抗体生成细胞检测、血清溶血素的测定）。结果显示,茯苓散3个剂量组均能显著提高免疫低下小鼠吞噬细胞的吞噬活性（P〈0．05）,吞噬细胞功能结果为阳性;茯苓散中、高剂量组能刺激脾脏、胸腺质量的增加（P〉0．05）,也能显著促进免疫低下小鼠的迟发型变态反应（P〈0．05）,细胞免疫功能结果为阳性;茯苓散3个剂量组均能显著提高小鼠的抗体生成细胞数（P〈0．05）,且显著增强小鼠血清凝集素水平（P〈0．05）,体液免疫功能结果为阳性。其中中剂量组效果最好,表明茯苓散对免疫低下小鼠的免疫功能有一定的增强作用。  相似文献   

7.
通过子宫灌注致病性混合菌液,复制獭兔子宫内膜炎病理模型。分别于第1、3、5d按0．01g／kg体重（按有效碘计算）子宫投放有机碘栓进行治疗,观察其用药前后的临床症状和病理变化,并测定血清SOD,MDA,GSH—Px等。投药后第4d阴门肿胀及阴道充血逐渐消退,子宫分泌物逐渐减少,上皮细胞结构基本恢复正常。治疗组在第4d血清SOD和GSH—Px活力均显著增高（P〈0．05）;第6d血清MDA含量极显著降低（P〈0．01）,而血清GSH—Px活力极显著增高（P〈0．01）。表明有机碘栓可有效治疗獭兔子宫内膜炎。  相似文献   

8.
研究旨在探讨饲料中添加不同水平的天蚕素抗菌肽对湘云鲫生长性能、非特异性免疫功能与抗病力的影响。试验选取了1,242尾湘云鲫[初均重（46．14±0．13）g],随机分成6组,每组5个重复,分别在基础饲料中添加4mg／kg金霉素及0mg／kg（对照）、100mg／kg、150mg／kg、200mg／kg和250mg／kg天蚕素抗菌肽的6种等氮（粗蛋白质52．27％）等能（消化能12．85MJ／kg）试验饲料。试验期为8周,试验结束后测定湘云鲫生长、免疫、形体端数等指标。结果表明：①与对照组比,150mg／kg天蚕素抗菌肽组湘云鲫末均重、增重率和特定生长率均显著高于对照组（P〈0．05）,分别提高了15．％、57．4％和27．5％。②150mg／kg天蚕素抗菌肽组湘云鲫肥满度显著高于对照组（P〈0．05）。③与对照组相比,饲料中添加200mg／kg和250mg／kg天蚕素抗菌肽能显著提高湘云鲫的血清超氧化物歧化酶活性（P〈0．05）;添加150mg／kg和200mg／kg天蚕素抗菌肽均显著降低了血清丙二醛含量（P〈0．05）;添加各水平天蚕素抗菌肽均显著提高了血清溶菌酶活性（P〈0．05）,但各添加水平组之间差异不显著（P〉0．05）。④饲料中添加250mg／kg天蚕素抗菌肽组的湘云鲫肌肉粗脂肪含量显著低于对照组（P〈0．05）。但各组肌肉水分和粗蛋白质含量没有显著性差异（P〉0．os）。⑤采用嗜水气单胞菌进行攻毒后,湘云鲫48h内死亡率较低,攻毒48～72h是死亡的高峰期,天蚕素抗菌肽组的成活率明显高于对照组,其中对照组成活率最低。由此得出,本试验条件下,在饲料中添加天蚕素抗菌肽对湘云鲫有促生长效果,且150mg／kg和200mg／kg添加组效果较佳,同时提高了鱼体的非特异性免疫功能和抗病力。  相似文献   

9.
将64只健康KM种小鼠随机分为对照、Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ四个组,每组16只,雌雄各半,分笼饲养。以硫酸铜作为铜源,采用灌胃方式染铜,以小鼠体重计,灌胃剂量分别为0mg／kg、10mg／kg、20mg／kg、40mg／kg,进行30d蓄积性毒性试验。试验过程中每6d称重小鼠1次,30d后测定血液生化指标及各可食组织和血液铜含量。结果表明：10mg／kg铜水平对小鼠促生长作用明显（P〈0.01）,20mg／kg和40mg／kg铜水平对小鼠生长起阻碍作用（P〈0.01）;血清AST、ALT和ADH活性随着染铜剂量的增加而升高（P〈0.05或P〈0．01）,10mg／kg和20mg／kg铜水平有效提高AKP活性发挥（P〈0.01）,40mg／kg铜水平则不利于该酶活性最大限度的发挥;肝脏和肾脏是铜残留的主要器官,染铜剂量与肝铜、肾铜含量有良好相关性,染铜组肝铜、肾铜和对照组相比差异显著（P〈0.05）或极显著（P〈0.01）。  相似文献   

10.
将80只昆明小白鼠随机分为4组（每组20只）：空白对照组（Ⅰ组）、三聚氰胺高剂量组（300mg／kg）（Ⅱ组）、三聚氰胺中剂量组（150mg／kg）（Ⅲ组）和三聚氰胺低刺量组（37．5mg／kg）（Ⅳ组）,试验周期为30d。试验期内观察小白鼠一般情况、体质量变化及食物利用率。结果显示：三聚氰胺染毒组小鼠体增重缓慢,食物利用率极显著降低（P〈0．01）;Ⅱ、11组小鼠血清ALT、AST、BUN、Cr和UA值显著高于Ⅰ组（P〈O．05）,Ca和P显著低于Ⅰ组（P〈0．05）;Ⅱ组小鼠肝、肾指数显著高于I组（P〈0．05）,Ⅱ、Ⅲ组脾指数显著低于Ⅰ组（P〈o．05）;Ⅱ、Ⅲ组小鼠肺、肝、脾、肾及膀胱有病理变化。结果表明,三聚氰胺亚慢性毒性会影响动物生长,造成肺、肝、肾及脾损害。  相似文献   

11.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

12.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

13.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

14.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

15.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

16.
Comparison of different tests to diagnose feline infectious peritonitis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
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17.
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed.  相似文献   

18.
Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb albumin - ALT alanine aminotransferase - AST aspartate aminotransferase - BUN blood urea nitrogen - Chol cholesterol - Glob globulin - -GT -glutamyl transpeptidase - IP inorganic phosphorus - TP total protein  相似文献   

19.
正We are pleased to publish the second special issue on avian brood parasitism and to be responsible guest editors for the two special issues of Chinese Birds (Vol. 3, No. 4, 2012 and Vol. 4, No. 1, 2013), entitled "Avian Brood Parasitism - A Growing Research Area in Behavioral Ecology". The first issue was published in December 2012. The goal of the two special issues is to publish accumulated knowledge and some of the recent developments in  相似文献   

20.
Tropical Animal Health and Production -  相似文献   

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