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胸膜肺炎放线杆菌溶血外毒素研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
猪传染性胸膜肺炎是由胸膜肺炎放线杆菌(APP)引起的一种呼吸道传染性疾病.根据荚膜多糖和脂多糖抗原表位不同,将胸膜肺炎放线杆菌分为15个血清型,不同血清型的菌株毒力大小不同,致病性也有强弱之别.研究发现与APP致病性有关的毒力因子包括荚膜多糖、脂多糖、外膜蛋白、转铁结合蛋白、溶血外毒素等,其中溶血外毒素是APP引起猪致病最主要的毒力因子,也是主要的保护性抗原.论文从猪传染性胸膜肺炎溶血外毒素的分子结构、致病机制、免疫原性几个方面对其进行综述,为获得以Apx为抗原制备减毒活疫苗提供参考资料. 相似文献
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胸膜肺炎放线杆菌(Actinobacillus pleuropneum oniae,APP)的毒力因子有很多,其中主要包括外毒素、脂多糖、荚膜多糖、外膜蛋白、转铁结合蛋白、黏附素等,这些毒力因子都能引起胸膜肺炎的发生。1 APP的主要毒力因子及致病性1.1外毒素目前为止已经发现胸膜肺炎放线杆菌可以产生4种毒素。这些毒素都属于RTX(R epeat in structure Toxin)毒素家族,且不同血清型的APP所分泌的毒素种类不同,毒素的溶血性及细胞毒性也不同,因此可以作为分型的依据[1]。ApxⅠ和ApxⅡ具有溶血活性和细胞毒性作用,而ApxⅢ只有细胞毒性作用。ApxⅠ溶血活性强于… 相似文献
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经鉴定,Apx毒素是猪胸膜肺炎的病原体—胸膜肺炎放线杆菌的重要毒力因子。在一些胸膜肺炎放线杆菌血清型中,Apx毒素是由apxⅢB和apxⅢD编码后经细胞膜分泌的。为了构建1株抗胸膜肺炎放线杆菌的活疫苗株,笔者将胸膜肺炎放线杆菌血清2型菌株-1536的apxⅢB和apxⅢD基因进行灭活,从而构建DeltaapxⅢB/DapxⅢD突变株(1536DeltaBDeltaD)。用活的1536DeltaBDeltaD胸膜肺炎放线杆菌对猪进行免疫后,能保护猪免于同源的野生型胸膜肺炎放线杆菌1536的攻击。因此,被损坏的Apx毒素分泌物可使胸膜肺炎放线杆菌的毒力减弱,并可作为开发胸膜肺炎放线杆菌弱毒疫苗的有效策略。 相似文献
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《中国畜牧兽医文摘》2015,(4)
<正>猪传染性胸膜肺炎又称坏死性胸膜肺炎,是由胸膜肺炎放线杆菌引起的一种高度接触性、急性呼吸道传染病,该病是平昌县常见多发病之一。临床以发生急性败血症、发热、咳嗽、高度呼吸困难为症状,剖检以急性出血性纤维素性和慢性纤维素性坏死性胸膜肺炎为主要病理变化。1病原体胸膜肺炎放线杆菌是革兰氏阴性、有荚膜的小球杆菌,目前经鉴定有15种血清型,其中,外毒素是最主要的毒力因子,这些毒素能杀灭宿主肺内的巨噬细胞和损害红细胞,是引起感染肺严重病损的主要原因。 相似文献
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从广东某猪场出现呼吸困难、肺脏有出血性纤维渗出性病变的病死猪中分离出1株有多形性趋向的革兰阴性球杆菌，卫星现象观察、CAMP试验及V因子依赖性试验均为阳性，用PCR方法能扩增出各血清型猪传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌均有的apxIVA基因长约422bp的特异片段，小白鼠攻毒试验显示其有致病性，血清学检测表明该分离茵为血清6型猪传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌。 相似文献
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猪接触性传染性胸膜肺炎（porcine contagious pleuropneumonia,PCP）又称坏死性胸膜肺炎,是由胸膜肺炎放线杆菌引起的一种高度接触传染性、致死性呼吸道传染病。以急性出血性纤维素性肺炎和慢性纤维素性坏死性胸膜炎为主要特征。各种年龄、性别的猪对本病均易感,急性者死亡率高,慢性者常能耐过。猪传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌有15个血清型,不同血清型之间没有或仅有较弱的交叉保护作用,这给猪传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌的诊断防治和免疫预防带来了很大的困难。因此建立一种快速血清型分子鉴定方法尤为重要。为了快速、简便的建立猪传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌血清型分子鉴定的方法,本研究所从临床发病疑似病例猪肺脏和气管中分离到的放线杆菌,首先经过血清型鉴定,确定部分血清型为2型,为了确定血清型鉴定的准确性,在此基础上,采用分子鉴定的方法,对这些菌株进行鉴定,确定分离到的11株菌为猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌血清2型。这为猪传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌血清型分子鉴定及防治提供了理论依据,为今后临床血清型定型提供了一种简便方法。 相似文献
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M Gottschalk A Lebrun S Lacouture J Harel C Forget K R Mittal 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2000,12(5):444-449
In the present study, the characterization of 3 atypical isolates of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae is presented. Two isolates (1B and 27E) showed positive reactions in coagglutination, immunodiffusion, and indirect hemagglutination tests for serotypes 1 and 7, whereas the third isolate (26B) reacted with antisera to serotypes 1, 4, and 7. These atypical isolates of A. pleuropneumoniae possessed a capsular polysaccharide (CPS) antigenically related to serotype 1 as well as an O-chain lipopolysaccharide antigenically related to serotype 7 or to serotypes 4 and 7, as shown by the use of monoclonal antibodies. Results of toxin profile and virulence assays for mice and pigs showed them to be more related to A. pleuropneumoniae serotype 7 field isolates. All 3 isolates induced antibodies mainly against serotype 7/4 O-long-chain lipopolysaccharide (LC-LPS) and, to a lesser extent, to the CPS of serotype 1, in experimentally infected pigs. Diagnostic laboratories that use a LC-LPS-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for serodiagnosis of A. pleuropneumoniae infection in swine would probably diagnose herds infected with these atypical isolates as being infected by A. pleuropneumoniae serotypes 7 or 4, whereas those that use a CPS-based ELISA would probably consider them as infected by A. pleuropneumoniae serotype 1. 相似文献
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Pasteurella multocida and bovine respiratory disease 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Dabo SM Taylor JD Confer AW 《Animal health research reviews / Conference of Research Workers in Animal Diseases》2007,8(2):129-150
Pasteurella multocida is a pathogenic Gram-negative bacterium that has been classified into three subspecies, five capsular serogroups and 16 serotypes. P. multocida serogroup A isolates are bovine nasopharyngeal commensals, bovine pathogens and common isolates from bovine respiratory disease (BRD), both enzootic calf pneumonia of young dairy calves and shipping fever of weaned, stressed beef cattle. P. multocida A:3 is the most common serotype isolated from BRD, and these isolates have limited heterogeneity based on outer membrane protein (OMP) profiles and ribotyping. Development of P. multocida-induced pneumonia is associated with environmental and stress factors such as shipping, co-mingling, and overcrowding as well as concurrent or predisposing viral or bacterial infections. Lung lesions consist of an acute to subacute bronchopneumonia that may or may not have an associated pleuritis. Numerous virulence or potential virulence factors have been described for bovine respiratory isolates including adherence and colonization factors, iron-regulated and acquisition proteins, extracellular enzymes such as neuraminidase, lipopolysaccharide, polysaccharide capsule and a variety of OMPs. Immunity of cattle against respiratory pasteurellosis is poorly understood; however, high serum antibodies to OMPs appear to be important for enhancing resistance to the bacterium. Currently available P. multocida vaccines for use in cattle are predominately traditional bacterins and a live streptomycin-dependent mutant. The field efficacy of these vaccines is not well documented in the literature. 相似文献
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副猪嗜血杆菌主要毒力因子和致病机理的研究进展 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
副猪嗜血杆菌病又称革拉斯氏病(Glasser’s disease),引起猪的多发性浆膜炎、关节炎和脑膜脑炎,是近年来严重危害养猪业的细菌性传染病,呈世界性分布,并已证实在中国绝大多数猪场存在和流行。副猪嗜血杆菌的血清型众多,不同血清型的副猪嗜血杆菌毒力差异很大,对其毒力因子了解很少,对其主要的致病机理更是知之甚少,现已发现该病原可能的毒力相关因子有荚膜、菌毛、脂多糖、外膜蛋白及酶类等。笔者对这些毒力因子及该病的致病机理进行综述,以期为该病的防控提供科学依据。 相似文献
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Production and partial characterization of monoclonal antibodies to Pasteurella haemolytica A1 capsular polysaccharide and lipopolysaccharide 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
M V Penaredondo S K Maheswaran L O Whiteley T R Ames J R Leininger 《American journal of veterinary research》1988,49(11):1962-1968
Hybridoma-derived monoclonal antibodies (MAB) against the cell surface antigens of Pasteurella haemolytica serotype 1 were obtained by the fusion of murine myeloma cells (P3 X 63 - Ag 8.653) with splenocytes of BALB/c mice immunized with crude logarithmic growth-phase culture supernatant. Initial screening was performed, using an ELISA, with the same bacterial growth culture supernatant as coating antigens. Further selection was done, using a panel of purified antigens--either capsular polysaccharide or lipopolysaccharide--as the coating antigen in an ELISA, and then performing a leukotoxin-neutralization assay. Two MAB, designated IIB-6 and H-2, reacted specifically with the capsular polysaccharide and the other 3, designated IVG-3, IH-3, and IIC-2, reacted with the lipopolysaccharide. One MAB, designated IH-6, did not react with leukotoxin, capsular polysaccharide, or lipopolysaccharide. The MAB to the capsular polysaccharide (IIB-6 and H-2) were characterized further; both antibodies belonged to the IgM class and were agglutinating. In addition, they promoted neutrophil-mediated opsonophagocytosis and complement-mediated immune bacteriolysis of P haemolytica serotype 1. Results from 3 studies indicated that the MAB IIB-6 and H-2 were specific only to the capsular polysaccharide of serotype 1 of P haemolytica. The MAB to the lipopolysaccharide (IVG-3, IH-3, and IIC-2) were of the IgG1, IgG3, and IgM classes, respectively and were not characterized further. The availability of a MAB identifying a serotype-specific, surface-exposed determinant on the capsule of P haemolytica serotype 1 should facilitate and expand studies concerning the role of the capsular material and lipopolysaccharide in the pathogenicity of P haemolytica infection in cattle. 相似文献
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Active and passive immunization studies in mice were undertaken to examine the protective efficiency of vaccines prepared from different components of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, or combinations thereof. Subcutaneous immunization using either washed formalinized whole cells, capsular polysaccharide, lipopolysaccharide or purified hemolysin I (105 kDa protein) partially protected mice against intranasal challenge with a lethal dose of homologous or heterologous A. pleuropneumoniae serotypes. However, full protection was obtained if the formalinized whole cells were supplemented with purified hemolysin. Similar protection was obtained when mice were immunized simultaneously with a sublethal dose of live cells by the intranasal route and with formalinized whole cells subcutaneously. Passive immunization using rabbit hyperimmune serum against formalinized whole cells provided almost total protection whereas hyperimmune serum against capsular polysaccharide, lipopolysaccharide or hemolysin alone provided only a partial protection. Cell mediated immunity as detected by the foot pad test may not be implicated significantly in the protein against acute A. pleuropneumoniae infection. However, humoral immune response seems to play an important role in protection. All the antigenic components examined may contribute to the protection to some extent. However, heat-labile components such as hemolysin and outer membrane proteins may play a crucial role in protection against acute challenge infection. 相似文献
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猪链球菌2型毒力因子研究进展 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
猪链球茵(SS)病是一种严重危害养猪业的人畜共患病,呈世界性分布.根据荚膜抗原特性的不同,猪链球茵被分为35个血清型(1/2型,1型～34型),其中以猪链球菌2型(SS2)流行最广,毒力最强.SS2主要的毒力因子有溶菌酶释放蛋白、胞外蛋白因子、荚膜抗原、溶血素等.然而,新近发现的一些与SS2致病性相关的基因序列和蛋白片段已经成为当前研究的重点和热点.在基因水平上的新发现主要有orf2毒力因子、89 kb毒力岛、转录调节因子、氨基酸通透酶、ABC转运子及表面锚定蛋白基因、反应调节因子RevS基因、纤连蛋白结合蛋白基因、编码噬茵体的基因序列Ssl和分泌性核酸酶SsnA基因等.蛋白水平上的新发现主要有脂磷壁酸的D-丙氨酰位点、自溶素、精氨酸脱亚氨酸酶系统、浑浊因子,38,45,39,44 ku蛋白,以及一些蛋白酶和纤维蛋白溶血酶原受体等. 相似文献
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为了研究钦州市猪链球菌2型(SS2)的毒力因子分布特征,采用多重PCR方法对从我市健康猪扁桃体分离的11株SS2相关毒力基因——荚膜多糖(Cps2J),溶菌酶释放蛋白(Mrp),胞外蛋白因子(EF),溶血素(Sly),进行毒力基因检测。检测结果显示:毒力基因型为Mrp+epf+Sly+共有8株,毒力基因型为Mrp+epf+Sly-共有1株,这两种毒力基因型可归为强毒力基因型,占此次健康猪源毒株的81.8%;另外Mrp-epf-Sly-共有2株,属于弱毒和无毒基因型,占健康猪源毒株的18.2%。通过结果分析,预示我市目前SS2的主要流行菌株是同时具有4种毒力因子的高致病性菌株。 相似文献