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《分子植物育种》2015,(8)
本研究以云南杜鹃(Rhododendron yunnanense Franch.)无菌苗叶片为材料,研究云南杜鹃叶片直接和间接再生植株的方法。结果表明:ZT是理想的云南杜鹃无菌叶片直接分化不定芽和愈伤组织分化不定芽的细胞分裂素,其中以WPM+ZT 4 mg/L+NAA 0.01 mg/L效果最好,叶片分化不定芽率达74%,平均分化不定芽数6.91个,愈伤组织分化不定芽率达76.67%;附加TDZ诱导出的愈伤组织状态好,体积大,疏松,适宜的叶片诱导愈伤组织的培养基为WPM+TDZ 0.5mg/L+2,4-D 1~2 mg/L+水解酪蛋白500 mg/L,愈伤组织诱导率达91.33%以上,较好的生根培养基为1/2 WPM+IAA 1.5 mg/L,生根率达89.33%以上。研究结果为云南杜鹃遗传转化研究奠定了基础。 相似文献
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为解决唐古红景天种质资源短缺问题,本研究建立了唐古红景天愈伤组织诱导及再生体系。以唐古红景天幼嫩的叶片、茎段和根为外植体,筛选出最优的外植体灭菌处理方法;探索愈伤组织诱导和增殖,不定芽诱导和扩增的最佳激素配比;观测不定芽的生根情况以及再生苗生长状态。结果表明：唐古红景天诱导愈伤组织的最佳外植体为叶片,愈伤组织诱导的培养基为MS0+1.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.1 mg/L NAA,诱导率为85.37%;最佳愈伤组织增殖的培养基为MS0+0.5 mg/L 6-BA+0.5 mg/L NAA,增殖率为62.5%;最佳不定芽诱导、扩增的培养基为MS0+2.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.5 mg/L NAA,诱导率为66.67%;不定芽在1/2MS生根诱导培养基中的生根率为42.5%,再生苗移栽于混合基质(泥炭∶珍珠岩∶蛭石=2∶1∶1)成活率为24.9%。该研究为唐古红景天种质资源的保存及人工栽培提供了有效的技术参数。 相似文献
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为建立黑木相思(Acacia melanoxylon R.Br.)茎段高频率再生体系,以优良无性系(SR17)组培苗茎段为外植体,研究培养基中添加TDZ及TDZ与IAA组合使用、不同浓度Ag NO3以及茎段部位对愈伤组织诱导和不定芽再生的影响。结果表明:当TDZ质量浓度为0.05 mg/L时,愈伤诱导率、不定芽分化率和不定芽数最高,IAA 0.05 mg/L配合TDZ使用可使不定芽分化率高达89.4%。同时发现不同质量浓度Ag NO3对不定芽分化率影响不显著,当Ag NO32.5 mg/L时,诱导的愈伤和不定芽容易产生玻璃化。另外发现组培苗中部茎段最有利于不定芽分化。因此选择组培苗中部茎段为外植体,在WPM+TDZ 0.05 mg/L+IAA 0.05 mg/L的诱导培养基上培养30 d,转入MS+6BA 0.5 mg/L+IBA 0.5 mg/L的分化培养基上培养30 d获得最高的不定芽诱导率,且平均每个外植体形成14.3个不定芽。将经过伸长生长的不定芽转入生根培养基1/2 MS+IAA 2.0 mg/L+IBA 0.5 mg/L时,生根率高达95.8%。生根培养10 d,炼苗培养20 d后获得可供移植的组培苗。本研究为黑木相思遗传转化和分子育种提供理论参考。 相似文献
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‘黑珍珠’番茄植株再生体系的研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
为了研究‘黑珍珠’番茄植株再生,以‘黑珍珠’番茄幼嫩叶片为外植体诱导愈伤组织,通过愈伤组织诱导培养、愈伤组织分化培养、不定芽增殖培养、生根培养和试管苗移栽,建立高效快速的‘黑珍珠’番茄再生体系。结果表明：最适宜的诱导叶片愈伤组织的培养基为MS+ 1.0 mg/L 6-BA+ 0.1 mg/L NAA,叶片外植体愈伤组织诱导率最高可达98.2%;诱导出的愈伤组织在MS+ 1.5 mg/L 6-BA+ 0.2 mg/L IBA培养基上能很好的分化出不定芽;MS+4.0 mg/L KT+ 0.01 mg/L IBA 培养基可实现不定芽芽增殖;最适宜的生根培养基为1/2MS+ (0.05~0.08) mg/L NAA,试管苗移栽成活率达92%。 相似文献
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《种子》2018,(12)
以胡麻品种内亚7号下胚轴为外植体,探索其下胚轴进行组织培养的培养基条件。结果表明,用75%的乙醇和1g/L的HgCl2溶液各处理种子3min是最佳的消毒方法。用MS+3.0mg/L 6-BA+0.25mg/L IAA培养基诱导外植体的出愈率最高,为98.48%,生长速率最大,是愈伤组织生长的最佳培养基。用MS+2.0mg/L 6-BA+0.5mg/L IAA培养基诱导不定芽的分化率最高,为95%,不定芽增殖系数最大,为7.67,是不定芽分化及增殖的最佳培养基;用MS+0.01 mg/L6-BA+0.75mg/L IAA培养基诱导不定芽的生根率最高,为52.26%,是不定芽生根的最佳培养基。由此建立的组织培养再生体系,其出愈率、愈伤组织的生长速率及不定芽的诱导率、增殖率高,生根情况良好,可作为胡麻品种内亚7号的适宜组织培养再生体系。 相似文献
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杜仲是中国特有的珍贵树种,具有重要的医药价值和经济价值。针对杜仲组织培养多存在易污染,不定芽、不定根诱导难等问题。本研究以杜仲无菌苗为材料,研究了最适外植体,不定芽诱导、增殖培养和促进生根的最适基本培养基、植物生长调节剂的种类和浓度。研究结果表明,以杜仲无菌苗茎尖为外植体,以MS为基本培养基,添加0.5 mg/L或1.0 mg/L 6-BA、同时添加0.5 mg/L NAA最适合愈伤组织诱导;单独使用0.5 mg/L的6-BA时虽然愈伤组织诱导率较低,但不定芽诱导率最高,为88.9%,适合进行后续不定芽的增殖试验。以WPM为基本培养基,添加IBA 1.0 mg/L时,生根数最多,生根率达88.9%,且根系较长。研究结果将为实现杜仲组织培养的工厂化生产、杜仲基因工程等提供技术参考。 相似文献
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以色素万寿菊雄性不育株未授粉子房为外植体,比较研究子房发育期、高低温处理和生长调节剂组合对愈伤组织诱导和分化的影响。结果显示:发育6~10 d,花丝刚好露出花萼,顶部呈圆柱状的花蕾愈伤组织诱导效果最好,为79.2%;低温预处理3 d,高温培养5 d有利于愈伤组织诱导;MS+2,4-D 0.5 mg/L+NAA0.5 mg/L+6-BA 0.5 mg/L+KT 0.5 mg/L为愈伤组织诱导最佳培养基,诱导率高达85.8%;NAA 1.0 mg/L+6-BA3.0 mg/L为不定芽分化适宜培养基,分化率达77.6%;1/2MS+NAA 0.2 mg/L为生根适宜培养基,生根率93.5%。本研究可为建立高效单倍体培养体系以及单倍体育种技术提供基础性资料。 相似文献
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直接诱导不定芽的矮牵牛再生体系的建立 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以矮牵牛的叶片作为外植体,研究了不同浓度的激素配比对叶片直接诱导不定芽、诱导愈伤组织分化不定芽及生根的影响。得到了最适的直接诱导不定芽培养基的激素配6-BA1.5mg/L+IBA0.5mg/L、诱导愈伤组织分化不定芽的培养基的激素配比6-BA1.5 mg/L+NAA0.3~0.5 mg/L及生根培养基IBA0.03~0.05 mg/L。并在时间上,从芽的长势、芽的生根情况进行比较,结果表明：直接诱导的不定芽比诱导愈伤组织分化的不定芽所需的时间短、长势好、生根快。 相似文献
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目的:利用巴戟天种子内胚乳为外植体进行离体培养获得三倍体。方法:选取未成熟巴戟天种子内胚乳,置于不同培养基上诱导愈伤组织和分化再生植株,并对植株倍性进行根尖染色体鉴定。结果:在MS+2,4-D(2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸)2.0 mg/L+6-BA(6-苄基嘌呤)1.0 mg/L培养基上诱导获得愈伤组织,诱导频率达58.9%。愈伤组织在MS+6-BA1.0~2.0 mg/L+IBA 0.1~0.5 mg/L分化培养基上分化出不定芽。不定芽在1/2 MS+IBA 0.5 mg/L上诱导生根,生根率100%。再生植株根尖细胞染色体数目为2 n=3 x=33。结论:利用巴戟天胚乳培养获得三倍体是创造多倍体新种质的有效途径。 相似文献
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Biological Activity and Quantification of Suspected Allelochemicals from Alfalfa Plant Parts 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Autotoxicity restricts reseeding of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) after alfalfa until autotoxic chemical(s) breaks down or is dispersed into external environments. A series of aqueous extracts from leaves, stems, roots and seeds of alfalfa ‘Vernal’ were bioassayed against alfalfa seedlings of the same cultivar to determine their autotoxicity. The highest inhibition was found in the extracts from the leaves. Extracts at 40 g dry tissue l?1 from alfalfa leaves were 15.4, 17.5 and 28.7 times more toxic to alfalfa root growth than were those from roots, stems and seeds, respectively. A high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis with nine standard compounds showed that the concentrations and compositions of allelopathic compounds depended on the plant parts. In leaf extracts that showed the most inhibitory effect on root growth, the highest amounts of allelochemicals were detected. Among nine phenolic compounds assayed for their phytotoxicity on root growth of alfalfa, coumarin, trans‐cinnamic acid and o‐coumaric acid at 10?3 m were most inhibitory. The type and amount of causative allelochemicals found in alfalfa plant parts were highly correlated with the results of the bioassay, indicating that the autotoxic effects of alfalfa plant parts significantly differed. 相似文献
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C. J. Spurr D. A. Fulton P. H. Brown R. J. Clark 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2002,188(4):275-280
Development of onion (Allium cepa L., cv. ‘Early Cream Gold’) seed under cool climate conditions in Tasmania, Australia occurred over a longer duration than previously reported, but similar patterns of change in yield components were recorded. In contrast to previous studies, umbel moisture content declined from 85 to 67 % over 57 days while seed moisture content decreased from 85 to 31 %. Seed yield continued to increase over the duration of crop development, with increasing seed weight compensating for seed loss resulting from capsule dehiscence in the later stages of maturation. Germination percentage was high and did not vary significantly from 53 to 77 days after full bloom (DAF), but mean germination time declined and uniformity of germination increased significantly over the same time period. The percentage abnormal seedlings declined with later harvest date, resulting in highest seed quality at 77 DAF. The results of this study suggest that the decision to harvest cool climate onion seed crops before capsule dehiscence will result in a loss of potential seed yield and quality. 相似文献
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Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
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G. H. Kroon 《Euphytica》1994,76(1-2):125-125
Summary
K x vadensis is a hybrid of K. blossfeldiana and K. marmorata obtained after doubling the number of chromosomes. 相似文献
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Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
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Summary Avoidance of rust fungi that was based on poor appressorium induction was previously found in Hordeum chilense. In the present study 95 accessions of Triticeae were screened for avoidance of Puccinia hordei. The percentage of appressorium formation per germinated spore ranged from 6 to 90%. On none of the 41 accessions of Aegilops, Agropyron, Elymus, Secale, Thinopyrum or Triticum studied was the rate of appressorium formation lower than 25%. Lower rates of appressorium formation were, however, found on accessions of wild barley species Hordeum brachyantherum, H. marinum, H. parodii and H. secalinum. Its implications in cereal breeding are discussed. 相似文献
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Summary Reactions of 13 grasses to Meloidogyne naasi varied with species; ryegrasses, fescues and their hybrids were generally susceptible and cocksfoot and timothy resistant. Marked variation in host resistance levels occurred between genotypes within cultivars.Selection of single plants, followed by tests on replicate tillers, identified resistant and susceptible genotypes in both Italian and perennial ryegrass cultivars. Resistant plants had few nematode-induced galls and fewer females and eggs than susceptibles. There was more or less continuous variation, with many genotypes intermediate between extremes of resistance and susceptibility. Selected resistant and susceptible genotypes are of use in assessing variation in nematode populations and as controls for breeding and selection programmes. 相似文献
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W. Erskine M. Tufail A. Russell M. C. Tyagi M. M. Rahman M. C. Saxena 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):127-135
Lentil production is limited by lack of moisture and unfavorable temperatures throughout its distribution. Waterlogging and salinity are only locally important. Progress has been made in breeding for tolerance to drought through selection for an appropriate phenology and increased water use efficiency and in breeding for winter hardiness through selection for cold tolerance.The diseases rust, vascular wilt, and Ascochyta blight, caused by Uromyces viciae-fabae, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lentis, and Ascochyta fabae f. sp. lentis, respectively, are the key fungal pathogens of lentil. Cultivars with resistance to rust and Ascochyta blight have been released in several countries and resistant sources to vascular wilt are being exploited. Sources of resistance to several other fungal and viral diseases of regional importance are known. In contrast, although the pea leaf weevil (Sitona spp.) and the parasitic weed broomrape (Orobanche spp.), and to a lesser extent the cyst nematode (Heterodera ciceri), are significant yield reducers of lentil, no sources of resistance to these biotic stresses have been found. Directions for future research in lentil on both biotic and abiotic stresses are discussed. 相似文献
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D. A. Bond G. J. Jellis G. G. Rowland J. Le Guen L. D. Robertson S. A. Khalil L. Li-Juan 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):151-166
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses. 相似文献
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Chunli TANG Fengxian ZHAO Hongxia CHEN Jiabao MA Jiangcun WEI Meiyan QIU Zhen XIE 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):60-65
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination... 相似文献