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1.
将４０只５０日龄健康禽霍乱非免疫鸡随机分为四组,每组１０只。用禽霍乱蜂胶佐剂灭活疫苗对和组鸡进行不同水平的免疫,同时设非免疫对照组。各组鸡间隔５－７天采血,以间接ＥＬＩＳＡ法测定血清Ｐ／Ｎ值,并确定临界值。将Ｐ／Ｎ值在２．１－４．７的１３只试验以一个最小致死量进行攻毒试验,同时设攻毒对照,在１周内３只对照鸡均表现感染发病并死亡,而试验鸡均健活,从而初步证明所确定的临界值是合理的。 相似文献
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禽流感H9亚型灭活油乳剂疫苗不同剂量的免疫效果比较 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
将47只28日龄SPF鸡分为4组，第1～3组为试验组，每组12只，分别肌肉注射禽流感H9亚型灭活油乳剂疫苗0．1、0．3、0．5mL／只，第4组11只为对照组。各组鸡在免疫后1、2、3周采血，测定H9抗体水平；在免疫后3周用1：10稀释的AIV H9N2攻毒，0．2mL／只。攻毒后第2、3、4周继续测定H9抗体水平，观察了疫苗对鸡的保护效果。结果显示，0．5mL／只剂量的免疫效果比0．1mL／只和0．3mL／只剂量的免疫效果好；攻毒用的AIV H9N2的致病力低，对所有试验鸡均不致死。 相似文献
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鸡新城疫与禽霍乱高效联免技术应用研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对鸡新城疫与禽霍乱免疫抗体的测定,弄清和掌握了鸡新城疫母源抗体消长规律及对雏鸡免疫力的影响和最佳免疫时间。同时应用禽霍乱蜂胶灭活疫苗与新城疫I、Ⅱ系疫苗进行了联合免疫试验。并对联合免疫鸡群进行了禽霍乱攻毒保护试验。在此基础上,探索出了鸡新城疫与禽霍乱联合免疫程序和农户散养鸡“两病”防制的方法。 相似文献
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本文报告禽霍乱蜂胶灭活苗与弱毒冻干苗（Ｇ１９０Ｅ４０）分别对鸡免疫，在免疫后２０ｄ、９０ｄ、１８０ｄ作３次攻毒，结果：禽霍乱蜂胶灭活苗的保护率依次为１００％（５／５）、８０％（４／５）、６０％（３／５）；禽霍乱弱毒冻干苗的保护率依次为６０％（３／５）、４０％（２／５）、０％（０／５）。 相似文献
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表达禽流感HA和NP双基因重组禽痘病毒的免疫保护性 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5
将分别来自禽流感病毒A／Goose／Guangdong／3／96(H5N1)毒株的HA基因和A／Goose／Guangdong／1／96(H5N1)NP基因重组到禽痘病毒基因组中，获得了能同时高效表达这两种蛋白的重组禽痘病毒(rFPV—HA—NP)。将rFPV—HA—NP经翅膀刺种途径接种8周龄SPF鸡，并设亲本禽痘病毒免疫和非免疫对照组。免疫后4周分别用10LD50的高致病力禽流感病毒(HPAIV)A／Goose／Guangdong／1／96(H5N1)和A／FPV／Rostock／34(H7N1)毒株进行攻击。结果重组禽痘病毒rFPV—HA—NP免疫鸡群后能够诱导产生高水平的特异性抗体，可完全抵抗H5N1毒株的致死性攻击，并可有效阻止H7N1病毒攻击后病毒在泄殖腔的排出。而禽痘病毒免疫组和非免疫对照组在攻毒后全部发病并死亡。结果表明NP在与HA共同表达时，在诱导交叉保护性方面有一定的免疫增强功能。 相似文献
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《中国预防兽医学报》2016,(5)
为研究禽白血病病毒(ALV)对禽流感(AI)疫苗免疫效果的影响,本研究将1日龄SPF鸡经腹腔接种ALV HLJ09DH02株后,于21日龄免疫重组禽流感病毒(AIV)灭活疫苗(H5N1亚型,Re-8)或禽流感-新城疫重组二联活疫苗(r LH5-8),免疫后与未感染ALV的免疫对照鸡同时检测血清HI抗体并采用H5N1亚型高致病性AIV攻毒。结果显示:实验鸡感染ALV后HI抗体滴度均显著低于相应的未感染ALV的免疫对照组(p0.05)。感染ALV后,免疫Re-8灭活疫苗及其对照组攻毒后的排毒鸡数分别为4/10和0/10,存活率分别为90%和100%;感染ALV后,免疫r LH5-8活疫苗及其对照组攻毒后的排毒鸡数分别为10/10和0/10,存活率分别为0和100%;未感染ALV的AI免疫鸡均不发病、不死亡、不排毒;空白对照鸡攻毒后3 d内全部死亡并且排毒。本研究表明,ALV对AI灭活疫苗和活疫苗均具有显著免疫抑制作用,建议加强种鸡ALV的净化,降低对AI等疫苗免疫效果的影响。 相似文献
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以禽霍乱C48—1菌株对鸡攻毒8个菌,攻毒后6小时肌注槐姜液,保护率75％。效果和肌注青霉素同,对照鸡全部死亡。本文并介绍玉槐姜的特征、产地和加工方法。目前,虽有禽霍乱菌苗预防本病,也有抗生素、如青霉素、链霉素和磺胺类等药物治疗。但药物较贵,所以笔者试选中草药玉槐姜与万年青对人工感染禽霍乱强毒的鸡作试验治疗,取到可喜的结果。报告如下: 相似文献
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试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。 相似文献
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Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections
of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal
(GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April
2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs
located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming
areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology
laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum
columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying
degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal
abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy
season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different
nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those
observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes.
But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the
results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. 相似文献
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Tropical Animal Health and Production - 相似文献
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Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
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H Hayashi T Yoshimura J Y Chen 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1985,8(2):73-87
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed. 相似文献
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Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
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Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
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B. Cinar Kul N. Bilgen J.A. Lenstra O. Korkmaz Agaoglu B. Akyuz O. Ertugrul 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2015,132(6):449-453
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded. 相似文献
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Ling GV Thurmond MC Choi YK Franti CE Ruby AL Johnson DL 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):817-823
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors. 相似文献
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<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems. 相似文献