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1.
试验研究了大孔吸附树脂对白蜡虫粗多糖脱色效果的影响和脱色前后多糖抗氧化活性的变化。通过静态吸附法确定大孔吸附树脂NKA-9较适合白蜡虫粗多糖脱色,动态吸附法确定白蜡虫多糖脱色条件为30℃下10 mg·mL-1多糖溶液(pH值8.0)以1 BV·h-1流速上样1 BV后,以5 BV水洗脱,脱色率为71.4%、脱蛋白率51.9%、多糖收率为60%。体外细胞抗氧化结果表明:脱色前多糖溶液仅在1 000μg·mL-1浓度时能提升过氧化氢损伤人神经母细胞瘤细胞的存活率,而脱色后多糖溶液在10 1 000μg·mL-1范围内均能提升模型细胞存活率,其中,1 000μg·mL-1的脱色白蜡虫多糖与模型组的差异显著(P0.01),结果表明,脱色后多糖抗氧化能力增加。 相似文献
2.
The antioxidant activities in vitro of refined powder of Phyllanthus emblica L. were detected by methods based on chemical measurement and cell modeling. The results of anti-peroxidation ability and iron reduction ability trials showed that the refined powder of P. emblica L. had strong ability of anti-peroxidation, and it increased with the increasing of concentration with a clear dose-response relationship. When the concentration reached 800 μg·mL-1, the ability of anti-peroxidation was almost equal to the positive control VC with the same concentration. Meanwhile, it also had iron reduction ability that accompanied by significant dose-response relationship. By in vitro cell culture method, H2O2 was used to induce SH-SY5Y cells damages to establish the cell model of oxidative damage. The author detected the effect of different concentrations of powder on cell survival rate for the model cells by MTT assay. The results indicated that refined powder could show better protective effect to oxidative damaged SH-SY5Y cells in the range of 600 1 200 μg·mL-1. When the concentration reached 1 200 μg·mL-1, the cell survival rate was the highest and refined powder exhibited the best antioxidant activity. Both methods proved the strong antioxidant activities of refined powder of P. emblica L. in vitro. 相似文献
3.
白蜡虫脂酰辅酶A还原酶（FAR1）参与了体表蜡泌物的形成过程,为了进一步研究FAR1的功能,通过预测分析基因 far1 编码的蛋白结构,选取亲水性强、特异性好的一段合成多肽作为抗原肽,免疫新西兰大白兔制备多克隆抗体,并以BCA蛋白浓度试剂盒测定抗体浓度,通过SDS-PAGE考马斯亮蓝染色观察纯化抗体的纯度,以ELISA检测抗体效价。结果表明,纯化所得的多克隆抗体纯度高,抗体浓度0.7 mg·mL-1,抗体效价为 1：512 000,为后续FAR基因功能的研究奠定基础。 相似文献
4.
The optimization of the Genomic-SSR reaction system is a basic protocol when the Genomic-SSR is used for genetic analysis in Liriodendron. The concentrations of Mg2+, dNTP, Primer and rTaq were tested by L9(34) orthogonal experiment and single factor gradient experiment to gain the optimal reaction system. The results indicated that the optimal reaction system should contain 75 ng of genomic DNA, 1 μL of 10×buffer, 0.4 μL of 10 mmol·L-1 dNTP, 0.75 μL of 2.5 mmol·L-1 MgCl2, 0.25μL of 10 μmol·L-1 Primer, 0.05 μL of 5 U rTaq and final volume of 10μL. Repeated trials and two verification tests showed that this optimal reaction system was stable, reliable, efficient and suitable for the applications of Genomic-SSR in Liriodendron population genetics and quantitative genetics research. 相似文献
5.
使用双翅目昆虫黑腹果蝇( Drosophila melanogaster Fallen )胚细胞系L-2/M delta 2-3作为研究材料,制备10个密度试验组(0.81×106~2.88×107 个·mL-1,每组跨度大于2.00×106 个·mL-1),分别在冻后第6、10、14个月对各组细胞冻后活力、回复时间长短、以及生长状况进行观察和比较,研究密度因素对细胞系L-2/M delta 2-3长期冻存效果的影响。结果表明:冻存密度对细胞系L-2/M delta 2-3冻后活力和状态恢复均有显著影响( P<0.05 )。细胞冻后活力下降速率随冻存密度增高而减慢,复苏后细胞状态恢复所需时间较短。将L-2/M delta 2-3的冻存密度提高至1.3×107 个·mL-1以上有利于细胞活力的保持与冻后的恢复。 相似文献
6.
7.
[目的]通过实地采样对黑碳进行量化研究。[方法]利用相对密度分组方法探讨了长白山典型森林土壤黑碳含量及在不同有机碳组分中的分布特征。[结果]表明:黑碳(BC)含量在表层(A11)、亚表层(A12)分别为6.39~16.55 g·kg-1、1.44~6.16 g·kg-1,随土壤深度的增加而显著下降(p﹤0.01)。在A11、A12层中,轻组有机碳(LFOC)平均含量分别为66.66 g·kg-1、6.65 g·kg-1,轻组黑碳(LFBC)平均含量分别为5.63 g·kg-1、1.21 g·kg-1,同时,LFBC/LFOC在A12层(10.02%~34.89%)显著高于A11层(6.99%~14.45%)(p﹤0.01);A11、A12层重组有机碳(HFOC)平均含量分别为49.16 g·kg-1、36.55 g·kg-1,重组黑碳(HFBC)平均含量分别为2.69 g·kg-1、1.44 g·kg-1,HFBC/HFOC在A11层(3.36%~8.08%)和A12层(3.21%~7.58%)之间没有显著差异(p>0.05)。另外,土壤中LFBC/LFOC显著高于HFBC/HFOC(p﹤0.01),LFBC/BC显著高于HFBC/BC(p﹤0.01)。[结论]长白山典型森林土壤中黑碳的含量、比例均较高;土壤表层(A11)有机碳、黑碳含量及各组分有机碳、黑碳含量均高于亚表层(A12),均随着土层加深而显著降低;轻组、重组有机碳中均含有一定比例的黑碳,黑碳主要分布在轻组分中;轻组、重组有机碳与组分中黑碳均显著相关,轻组中相关系数大于重组。 相似文献
8.
The rapid propagation technology of Dendrocalamus minor var. amoenus was studied by investigating the effects of some factors such as selection of explant, phytohormone, culture method etc. The results show that: The best month for explant collection of D. minor var. amoenus is May and June. The best position for explant collection is middle-upper part knot of semi-lignification branch. The clump shoot could be induced in medium with 3/4MS+BA 4 mg·L-1+KT 1 mg·L-1+CW 100 mL·L-1. The optimal medium for subculture of D. minor var. amoenus is 3/4MS+BA 2 mg·L-1+KT 1 mg·L-1+CW 100 mL·L-1. Liquid medium is beneficial for improving growth condition and proliferation rate of clump shoot. The medium 1/5MS+IBA 8 mg·L-1+ NAA 4.5 mg·L-1 + KT 0.1mg·L-1 is a relative suitable rooting medium for D. minor var. amoenus, with the rooting method of synchronized treatment first and then rooting. The survival rate of seedlings could be higher than 90% in substrate of fine river sand∶peat soil=3∶ 1. 相似文献
9.
[目的]利用不同于抗生素的PMI为选择标记基因的遗传转化体系,对杨树进行双抗虫基因(Bt和CpTI)的转基因研究.建立杨树以PMI为安全标记基因的转基因体系,为安全、高效的林木转基因育种研究提供实验依据.[方法]选择已有的转CpTI抗虫基因(利用Kmr选择标记获得)的美洲黑杨杂种优良无性系南林895杨(Populus ×euramericana ‘Nanlin895’)为受体材料,对杨树叶片、叶片分化芽、茎段生根的甘露糖敏感性等筛选优化,采用农杆菌介导的方法进行双抗虫基因的研究.[结果]较为适合的杨树叶片筛选培养基为:甘露糖8 g·L-1和蔗糖22 g·L-1;叶片分化芽筛选培养基为:甘露糖10 g·L-1和蔗糖20 g·L-1;茎段生根筛选培养基:甘露糖8 g·L-1和蔗糖22 g·L-1.在此基础上,获得了转Bt和CpTI双抗虫基因的植株8株.[结论]初步建立了以PMI为安全标记基因的杨树转基因体系:确定了PMI筛选的最适选择压,成功构建了含PMI选择标记基因的植物抗虫表达载体,通过农杆菌介导的遗传转化最终获得了转双抗虫基因植株. 相似文献
10.
Camellia oleifera is one of the important oil tree species in south China, and C. oleifera industry is quickly developed with the support of the national policies in recent years. The disorder of C. oleifera varieties is one of the key issues restricting the development of C. oleifera industry. Because of high polymorphism, good repeatability, less use of DNA and so on, SRAP as a new marker was used in identification of cultivars, analysis of genetic resources and genetic diversity in recent years. In this paper, the orthogonal design was used to optimize SRAP-PCR system for C. oleifera by 5 factors (Mg2+, dNTPs, primer, Taq polymerase, DNA template) and 4 levels, respectively. The data were analyzed by software SPSS V13.0. A suitable SRAP-PCR system (20 μL) was established as: 75 ng DNA template, 1.5 mmol·L-1 Mg2+, 0.15 mmol·L-1 dNTPs, 1U Taq DNA polymerase, 0.4 μmol·L-1 primer, 1×PCR buffer. The result of optimal SRAP-PCR system will provide a foundation for the identification of C. oleifera cultivars. 相似文献
11.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(5):427-435
In Scandinavia, moose (Alces alces L.) sometimes cause severe browsing damage to economically-important pine. Moose-vehicle accidents have spurred construction of fences along roads, and these may interfere with moose migration between summer and winter ranges, or the road alone may be a barrier. If this happens and moose build up along roads, landowners may suffer economically. Therefore, this study investigated whether roads, fences or other factors influence the use of young pine stands by moose. Eighty stands along roads in northern Sweden were evaluated in which individually-browsed branches were counted on 9972 pines. Moose browsing was not significantly related to birch (Betula pendula Roth, B. pubescens Ehrh.) density, nor did it differ between pines (Pinus contorta Douglas or P. sylvestris L.). However, increased pine density, site productivity and proximity to a highway were associated with increased browsing. Further large-scale studies are needed to understand moose habitat selection and the effects of roads. 相似文献
12.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(3):206-217
The root systems of 2-yr-old Picea glauca, Picea mariana and Pinus banksiana seedlings were submitted to various frost temperatures during an artificial frost to induce different levels of root damage. Frost-damaged and control seedlings were placed in a greenhouse under high and low soil moisture regimes. Seedling growth and physiology were evaluated periodically. Seedling survival was reduced when root damage reached levels of 60-80%. Root systems of all three species showed partial to total recovery by the end of the experiment. In general, root freezing damage caused reductions in seedling growth, with these reductions becoming less significant over time. Root damage had little to no effect on black spruce and jack pine seedling physiology, while white spruce CO 2 uptake decreased with increasing root damage. Shoot nitrogen content of all three species decreased slightly with increasing root damage. 相似文献
13.
Contour hedgerows of multipurpose tree species in the sloping tea lands of Sri Lanka are expected to reduce soil erosion and
also add significant amounts of plant nutrients to the soil via periodic prunings. The objective of this experiment was to characterize the biomass decomposition pattern and quantify the
amount of nutrients added through prunings of six tree species (Calliandra calothyrsus, Senna spectabilis, Euphatorium innulifolium, Flemingia congesta, Gliricidia sepium and Tithonia diversifolia) currently being used in hedgerows associated with tea. Withered leaf and stem prunings (50 g) were enclosed in 2-mm litter
bags, placed at 5-cm depth and retrieved after one, three, six, nine and 12 weeks. Loss of initial dry weight, N, P and K
was measured. Single exponential decay function adequately described both dry weight and nutrient loss. Tree species differed
significantly in their rate of breakdown with decomposition constants (k) varying from 0.0299 to 0.2006 week−1 for leaves and from 0.0225 to 0.0633 week−1 for stems. Gliricidia showed the highest k for leaves with the rest in the following descending order: Senna > Tithonia ≥ Euphatorium > Calliandra > Flemingia. A similar pattern was observed for loss of all nutrients with Calliandra and Flemingia always having lower k values than the rest. Although N immobilization was not observed, immobilization of P and K was observed
during the first week of incubation in some species, particularly in stem prunings. Annual biomass of prunings differed significantly
between tree species in the following descending order: Calliandra > Senna > Flemingia > Tithonia > Gliricidia > Euphatorium. Calliandra added the greatest amount of nutrients annually to the soil with Euphatorium adding the least. Calliandra prunings provided the annual total K requirement and 49% of the N requirement of mature tea. However, none of the species
provided more than 5% of the P requirement. It is concluded that among the tree species tested, Calliandra and Flemingia are the most suitable for contour hedgerows in tea plantations of this agroclimatic region because of their higher soil nutrient
enrichment capacity and slower decomposition rates which would minimize leaching losses.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
14.
Astra Zaluma Lauma Bruna Darta Klavina Natalija Burnevica Kristine Kenigsvalde Andis Lazdins Talis Gaitnieks 《Forest Pathology》2019,49(6)
Heterobasidion parviporum and Heterobasidion annosum are widely distributed root‐rot fungi that infect conifers throughout Europe. Infection of conifer stumps by spores of these pathogens can be controlled by treating fresh stumps with a competing non‐pathogenic fungus, Phlebiopsis gigantea. In this study, growth of three Latvian strains of P. gigantea and the biological control agent ‘Rotstop’ strain was evaluated in stem pieces of Norway spruce, Scots pine, lodgepole pine, Douglas‐fir, Weymouth pine, Siberian larch and Sitka spruce. The growth rates of one H. parviporum and one H. annosum isolate were also measured in the same stem pieces. The growth rate of P. gigantea varied greatly in wood of different conifer species. It was higher in the three pine species, lower in Norway spruce and lowest in Sitka spruce and Siberian larch, and in Douglas‐fir, this fungus did not grow. The largest area of wood occupied by P. gigantea was in lodgepole pine. Growth of Latvian isolates of P. gigantea in the wood of Pinus and Picea species was comparable to that of the Rotstop isolate. Consequently, stump treatment with local P. gigantea isolates should be recommended. However, our results suggest that Douglas‐fir stump treatment against Heterobasidion by P. gigantea may be ineffective and other stump treatment methods should be considered. 相似文献
15.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(2):118-130
The effects of seed weight and seed type on seedling growth of Pinus sylvestris (L.) were studied by seeding individually weighed orchard and stand seed in different mixtures under harsh (direct seeding in field) and optimal (seeding in nursery) conditions. In the nursery experiment an increase in the seed weight from 3 to 7 mg increased the seedling height by 10-27% and total weight by 27-113%, and decreased the height/diameter ratio by 5-6% after 2 yrs. With elimination of seed weight effects, orchard seedlings were 2% taller than stand seedlings in year 2. Without elimination of seed weight effects, orchard seedlings were 7-13% taller. In the field experiment an increase in the seed weight from 3 to 7 mg increased seedling height by 18-65%, stem volume by 81-274% and the number of top-buds by 23-34% in year 5. After elimination of seed weight effects, orchard seedlings were 7-13% taller than stand seedlings and without elimination of seed weight effects 20-21% taller after 5 yrs. Even after elimination of both seed weight and genetic effects orchard seedlings were 3-9% larger than stand seedlings in the field experiment. In conclusion, the influence of seed weight and seed type on growth traits and slenderness is highly significant and the influence seems to be greater in harsh conditions. 相似文献
16.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):53-61
This study investigated the stand structure in pine, spruce and deciduous forests in the border district of Finland and Russia. A total of 46 mature forest stands was selected as pairs, the members of each pair being as similar as possible with respect to their forest site type, age, moisture and topography. The stands were then compared between the two countries by means of basal areas and number of stems. The proportions of dominating tree species were 2-12% lower, and correspondingly the proportions of secondary tree species higher, in Russian forests. The density of the forest stock was also higher in each forest type in Russia. The forests in the two countries differed most radically in terms of the abundance of dead trees. The amount was two to four times higher in Russian deciduous and spruce forests, and in pine forests the difference was 10-fold. The stand structures indicated that Russian coniferous stands, in particular, were more heterogeneous than intensively managed pine and spruce stands in Finland. 相似文献
17.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):15-27
The root collar diameter and the height:diameter ratio are of particular importance in container-grown seedlings where a high density in the containers may produce spindly seedlings. Temperature regimes and light quality are known to affect plant growth. The aim of this study was to identify responses in Picea abies (L.) Karst. seedlings grown with light providing different red:far-red ratios and under temperature regimes with alternating day (DT) and night temperature (NT) from negative (DT < NT) to positive (DT > NT) difference (DIF) between DT and NT. Experiments were conducted in controlled environment chambers and in a daylight phytotron. Only limited thermoperiodic responses appeared in P . abies seedlings with respect to seedling height and dry weight accumulation. The formation of terminal buds, however, was clearly delayed in seedlings grown at negative DIF. The results indicate a requirement for day extension light that is high in far-red, to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. An extended study should be conducted to clarify the minimum level of light intensity and the optimal light quality needed to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. 相似文献
18.
本文分析了CAD在设计中引起的正面和负面影响,并进行了系统的阐述,从而使设计者在应用中能够保持客观的态度。 相似文献
19.
Steven Maranz Amadou Niang Antoine Kalinganire Djeneba Konaté Bocary Kaya 《Agroforestry Systems》2008,72(3):231-239
Baobab leaves form an important part of the local diet in Sahel countries and elsewhere in Africa. Existing leaf nutritional
data and agroforestry performance information are based solely on Adansonia digitata L., the baobab of continental Africa. The introduction potential of Adansonia species from the center of diversity in Madagascar and from Australia remains untapped. To assess this potential, the mineral
contents and B1 and B2 vitamin levels of dried baobab leaves were determined for five-year old trees of A. digitata, A. gibbosa (A. Cunn.) Guymer ex D. Baum, A. rubrostipa Jum. & H. Perrier (syn. A. fony Baill.), A. perrieri Capuron and A. za Baill. grown in an introduction trial in Mali. Nutritional data were evaluated against survival and vigor to identify promising
germplasm. Leaf vitamin and crude protein contents were highest in the Madagascar species, especially A. rubrostipa (B1 88 mg 100 g−1, B2 187 mg 100 g−1, protein 20.7% dry weight). However, the local species far outperformed the introductions in survival, tree height, basal
diameter and resistance to termites. We suggest grafting as a way of harnessing the vigor of well-adapted local baobab varieties
to the superior nutritional profiles of A. rubrostipa and others. Cross-species grafting tests in Adansonia were successful, thus creating new agroforestry possibilities with different scion/rootstock combinations. 相似文献
20.
《Wood material science & engineering》2013,8(2):76-84
Abstract Wood in general and wooden studs in particular are often distorted owing to uneven shrinkage during the drying process in the sawmill. Twist is often the most detrimental of all types of distortion, and it is caused by spiral grain in combination with variations in moisture content. For sawmills, the objective is to produce dried, straight boards, and one method of dealing with boards with excessive spiral grain is to sort them out and then dry them in a pretwisted position to obtain straight boards after drying. A model using the finite element (FE) method for the simulation of drying twist distortions was first calibrated against laboratory experiments in which boards were dried with and without restraints and pretwists. After the calibration, the FE results were compared with industrial test results for boards that were dried without restraints or with restraints with zero pretwist, i.e. straight restraints. The FE model used an elastic–ideally plastic material model to obtain permanent deformations. The calibration was to set the yield stresses so that there was a good match between FE results and results from the laboratory experiments. The comparison between the industrial test results and the FE results showed that the FE model is capable of realistic simulations of drying boards with and without restraints and presumably also pretwists. 相似文献