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1.
猪外周血单个核细胞增殖反应影响条件的探讨 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
应用 Ｌ１６ （４５） 正交试验, 对影响猪 Ｐ Ｂ Ｍ Ｃ 增殖反应的几个因素, 包括培养时间、 Ｐ Ｈ Ａ 浓度、细胞浓度等三个因素四个水平进行了比较和探索。试验表明几个因素对 Ｐ Ｂ Ｍ Ｃ 的增殖反应均有显著的影响（ Ｐ＜ ００５） , Ｐ Ｂ Ｍ Ｃ 增殖反应的 Ｍ Ｔ Ｔ 比色法的最佳反应条件组合为 Ｐ Ｂ Ｍ Ｃ 浓度为１ ×１０６／ｍｌ, 植物血凝素 Ｐ Ｈ Ａ 的浓度为１２５μｇ／ ｍｌ, 细胞培养时间为２４ 小时; 影响增殖反应的先后顺序为 Ｐ Ｂ Ｍ Ｃ 浓度、 Ｐ Ｈ Ａｐ 浓度及细胞培养时间。同时确定了最有利于 Ｐ Ｂ Ｍ Ｃ 增殖的犊牛血清浓度为１０ ％ 。 相似文献
2.
建立了土霉素在猪血浆中含量测定的高效液相色谱法，研究了其在猪体内的药代动力学。土霉素检测的线性范围为0．25～32．0lμg／mL，相关系数为0．9997，最低定量限为0．25μg／mL。药代动力学研究表明，给猪单剂量肌肉注射土霉素25mg／kg体重后，其血药浓度一时间曲线符合一级吸收二室模型，参数为Tmax=2h,Cmax=7．62lμg／mL,t1/2β=69．315h，V1／F=4．648L／kg，说明长效土霉素在体内逐渐吸收和广泛分布后，在组织中能长时间地维持较高的血药浓度，能达到长效之目的。本试验能对兽药药代动力学研究和制定长效土霉素注射液合理给药方案提供参考。 相似文献
3.
对7头健康猪随机交叉设计进行单剂量肌肉注射国产30％长效土霉素注射液和进口20％长效土霉素注射液药动学试验,给药剂量以土霉素计均为20mg／kg体重。用高效液相色谱法测定血药浓度,血药浓度一时间数据用MCPKP计算机程序处理。30％长效土霉素注射液和20％长效土霉素注射液主要药动学参数分别为：吸收半衰期（t1／2ka）为（0．088±0．016）、（0．140±0．076）h;消除半衰期（t1／2β）为（52．499±22．885）、（36．481±21．673）h;达峰时间（Lmax）为（0．609±0．100）、（0．832±0．373）h;峰浓度（Cmax）为（4．956±1．171）、（5．0184-0．948）μg／mL;药时曲线下面积（AUG）为（112．483±18．135）、（109．877±19．949）mg／L·h;以20％长效土霉素注射液为对照物,30％长效土霉素注射液的相对生物利用度（F）为（105．368±26．027）％。结果表明,国产30％长效土霉素注射液与进口20％长效土霉素注射液相比,主要药动学参数无显著差异。此结论为临床合理使用该剂型提供了依据和指导。 相似文献
4.
五种土霉素注射液在猪体内的药物代谢动力学比较研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
对五种土霉素注射液产品(A、B、C、D和得米先20%)进行了猪体内的药代动力学比较研究。五组猪分别按20 mg/kg的剂量耳后肌肉注射,HPLC测定血药浓度,3P97软件拟合血药浓度-时间数据,计算药代动力学参数。五种长效土霉素注射液均符合二室开放模型,峰浓度值分别为1.511、.772、.132、.022、.72μg/mL,AUC分别为48.456、0.22、52.41、66.045、9.8(μg.h)/mL。比较而言,得米先20%药动学最好,其次为产品C,产品B最差。 相似文献
5.
将２４头太湖猪新生杂种仔猪（二花×大白），分为４组，即在出生后隔离并分别人工哺喂葡萄糖盐水组（ＧＳ组，ｎ＝４），牛初乳组（ＢＣ组，ｎ＝５），牛乳（ＢＭ组，ｎ＝６）４８小时组和完全自然哺乳的猪初乳组（ＰＣ组，ｎ＝９）。酶联免疫分析法显示，牛ＩｇＧ在ＢＣ和ＢＭ组向仔猪血液中的转移分别在２４和１６小时左右达到峰值，为２８．１９±１５．４６ｍｇ／ｍｌ和１２．８９±１．７８ｍｇ／ｍｌ，以后逐渐下降。４８小时后回圈自然哺乳，第７天两组实验仔猪血中都仍有５ｍｇ／ｍｌ左右牛ＩｇＧ的残留。ＰＣ和ＧＳ组没有检测到牛ＩｇＧ免疫反应物。新生仔猪血清蛋白质浓度初生时平均为３１．８±１．８６ｍｇ／ｍｌ，ＰＣ组在出生后迅速增加，２４小时达８１．７８±８．６ｍｇ／ｍｌ，此后略有下降，４８小时为５６．６７±１１．３６ｍｇ／ｍｌ，第７天为８７．６７±３．８９ｍｇ／ｍｌ。ＢＣ和ＢＭ组与ＰＣ组有相似的变化；而ＧＳ组在４８小时内一直下降，４９小时为６．２５±２．２８ｍｇ／ｍｌ；自然哺乳后，第７天上升为４７．７５±２．６８ｍｇ／ｍｌ。但ＢＭ、ＧＳ组在２４小时、４８小时和第７天血清总蛋白浓度显著低于ＰＣ组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。血清ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ电泳显示， 相似文献
6.
7.
敌菌磺及其临床药效的 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以磺胺二甲嘧啶（ＳＭ２）加入助剂Ａ、Ｂ制成的敌菌磺（ＤＪＨ）制剂,对其敏感菌（禽巴氏杆菌）和球虫（鸡球虫）引起的感染性疾病 儿且价廉,本文通过鸡内服的血药动态分析说明,敌菌磺片（５０ｍｇ／片）按４片／ｋｇ（相当于ＳＭ２０．２ｇ／ｋｇ体重）口服用单剂量,可维持（５ｍｇ％以上）有效血液浓度２４ｈ;敌菌磺－２５预混剂按８ｇ／ｋｇ饲料（相当于ＳＭ２０．２％饲料浓度）饲喂,经８．１８ｈ以到有效血药浓度（５ｍｇ％以上）,敌菌磺制剂的上述剂量对鸡的禽巴氏杆菌和鸡球虫病有理想的疗效。 相似文献
8.
喹乙醇在鸡体内的毒物动力学及其生化毒性和病理学研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
本文对１３只健康ＡＡ鸡单次内服喹乙醇中毒剂量（１２０ｍｇ／ｋｇ）作了毒物动力学分析。用乙腈—乙酸乙酯混合溶剂提取血浆中的喹乙醇,反相高效液相色谱法（ＨＰＬＣ法）测定浓度。喹乙醇内服给药的药时数据适合一级吸收二室开放模型。毒物动力学主要参数为：ｔ１／２Ｋａ０．６３±０．２６ｈ,ｔ１／２α１．１２±０．３４ｈ,ｔ１／２β７．２６±３．０２ｈ,Ｋｅ０．５９±０．１５ｈ－１,Ｔｍａｘ１．１９±０．３１ｈ,Ｃｍａｘ７１．４０±１２．８１μｇ／ｍｌ,ＡＵＣ２５８．１２±３６．１１ｍｇ／Ｌ．ｈ。本试验表明,内服中毒剂量的喹乙醇在ＡＡ鸡体内的吸收、分布均很迅速,但消除缓慢;给药后２４ｈ,血药浓度均高于０．２μｇ／ｍｌ 相似文献
9.
果糖稀释液与葡萄糖稀释液的比较试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用２０份荷斯坦种公牛的精液测试Ａ、Ｂ两种稀释液（简称Ａ、Ｂ）的效果。Ａ中含１０ｇ／１０００ｍｌ的果糖，Ｂ中有等摩尔浓度的葡萄糖，而没有果糖，Ａ、Ｂ中其它成分相同。通过Ａ、Ｂ液效果的对比来比较稀释液中果糖和葡萄糖的作用。实验采用配对比较的方法。分别用Ａ、Ｂ稀释同源的公牛精液，经平衡、冷冻、解冻处理，在解冻后０小时和２４小时（５℃保存）对两种稀释精液就地活力检查。结果表明：在解冻后０小时和２４小时两种稀释精液活力无显著差异。此结果建议．在冷冻精液生产中，可用廉价的葡萄糖代替稀释液中的果糖。 相似文献
10.
烟酸诺氟沙星在猪,鸡体内的组织残留研究 总被引：17，自引：3，他引：14
本文报道了烟酸诺氟沙星在猪、鸡体内的组织残留研究结果，猪、鸡均按１０ｍｇ／ｇ剂量给药，采用ＨＰＬＣ法测定肝、肾、肌肉中诺氟沙星浓度。猪肌注给药后７２小时，肾。肌肉中药物浓度已低于仪器最低检测限（０．０５μｇ／ｇ），肝中仍能检出少量药物，浓度为０．３０５±０．１６９μｇ／ｇ；鸡口服给药后４８小时，肝、肾、肌肉中药物浓度均已低于最低检测限。根据本试验结果，建议猪、鸡使用烟酸诺氟沙星后休药期为６天和２天。 相似文献
11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。 相似文献
12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections
of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal
(GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April
2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs
located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming
areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology
laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum
columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying
degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal
abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy
season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different
nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those
observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes.
But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the
results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. 相似文献
13.
Tropical Animal Health and Production - 相似文献
14.
Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
15.
H Hayashi T Yoshimura J Y Chen 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1985,8(2):73-87
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed. 相似文献
16.
Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
17.
Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
18.
B. Cinar Kul N. Bilgen J.A. Lenstra O. Korkmaz Agaoglu B. Akyuz O. Ertugrul 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2015,132(6):449-453
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded. 相似文献
19.
Ling GV Thurmond MC Choi YK Franti CE Ruby AL Johnson DL 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):817-823
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors. 相似文献
20.
<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems. 相似文献