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1.
15种除草剂对不同生长时期豚草的防效评价 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
为了筛选对不同生长时期豚草有高效防除作用的除草剂,笔者用盆栽豚草研究了15种茎叶处理除草剂对幼苗期和成株期豚草的防效。结果表明,供试的4种灭生性除草剂中,百草枯、草甘膦、草铵膦和环嗪酮在试验有效剂量内对苗期和成株期豚草均有较好防效,其中草甘膦和草铵膦对成株期豚草防效优于百草枯和环嗪酮;11种选择性除草剂中,乳氟禾草灵、三氯吡氧乙酸、乙氧氟草醚、灭草松、2甲4氯钠盐、2,4-滴丁酯、氯氟吡氧乙酸和麦草畏对苗期豚草均有较好防效,但对成株期豚草,仅三氯吡氧乙酸和乳氟禾草灵表现出较高防效。噻吩磺隆、吡嘧磺隆和苯磺隆3种磺酰脲类除草剂对豚草防效较差。试验结果表明,豚草植株的大小对不同茎叶处理除草剂的敏感性存在很大差异。 相似文献
2.
经查阅《农药电子手册》，目前国内登记用于小麦田的除草剂达490多个，其中主要是苯磺隆、绿麦隆、噻吩磺隆、异丙隆、氯氟吡氧乙酸、精噁唑禾草灵、唑草酮等药剂的单剂及其复配剂。 相似文献
3.
<正>1.右旋吡氟乙草灵又叫吡氟乙草灵、吡氟氯禾灵、盖草能、高效吡氟氯禾灵、高效盖草能、高效吡氟乙草灵,属芳氧苯氧丙酸类高选择性、茎叶处理除草剂。主要剂型有10.8%、12.5%乳油。该药对马唐、看麦娘、日本看麦娘、黑麦草、雀麦、野稷、野燕麦、野黍、千金子、早熟禾、稗草、双穗雀稗、狗尾草、 相似文献
4.
<正>小毛茛主要发生在前茬是旱作的油菜田中,用常规的除草剂如精喹禾灵、高效氟吡甲禾灵(高效盖草能)、精吡氟禾草灵(精稳杀得)、草除灵等均不能有效防除。江苏丘陵地区镇江农科所研究表明,使用异丙隆可以有效防除小毛茛,而且对油菜较安全。 相似文献
5.
稀禾啶、烯草酮等6种除草剂对不同叶龄期野黍的防治效果比较 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为筛选出有效防治大豆田野黍的茎叶处理除草剂并探索适宜施药时期,采用盆栽试验研究了稀禾啶、烯草酮、高效氟吡甲禾灵、精吡氟禾草灵、精喹禾灵、喹禾糠酯对不同叶龄期野黍的防治效果.结果表明,防治一叶期至二叶一心期野黍可施用12.5％稀禾啶机油乳油131.25ga.i./hm2、240g/L烯草酮乳油90.00g a.i./hm2、10.8％高效氟吡甲禾灵乳油64.80g a.i./hm2、15％精吡氟禾草灵乳油135.00g a.i./hm2、5％精喹禾灵乳油71.25g a.i./hm2、40g/L喹禾糠酯乳油36.00g a.i./hm2,防治三叶期至三叶一心期野黍可施用12.5％稀禾啶机油乳油168.75g a.i./hm2、10.8％高效氟吡甲禾灵乳油97.20g a.i./hm2,仅12.5％稀禾啶机油乳油能有效防治四叶期以上野黍,施药量至少187.50g a.i./hm2.上述处理在施药后30d对野黍的株防效都超过90％.防治野黍的最佳时期为三叶期前,越晚施药,可供选择的除草剂种类越少,且需提高施药量. 相似文献
6.
湖南省部分地区棉田牛筋草(Eleusine indica)对高效氟吡甲禾灵的抗药性 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为制定棉田恶性杂草牛筋草的防除策略和延缓抗性种群发展,采用整株测定法测定了湖南省部分地区棉田杂草牛筋草(Eleusine indica)对高效氟吡甲禾灵的抗药性水平,并通过测定谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶(GST)活力研究了牛筋草对高效氟吡甲禾灵的代谢抗性机制。整株法测定结果显示,相对于敏感的鼎城区种群,不同地区牛筋草种群对高效氟吡甲禾灵均产生了不同程度的抗药性,抗药性指数在2.4~18.4。其中汉寿牛筋草种群的抗性水平最高,其次是大通湖、湘阴种群。汉寿抗性牛筋草种群GST活力明显高于鼎城区敏感种群,表明GST对高效氟吡甲禾灵代谢能力的差异是牛筋草对高效氟吡甲禾灵产生抗药性的一个重要原因。 相似文献
7.
为明确氟雷拉纳对斜纹夜蛾Spodoptera litura Fabricius的毒力及其与毒死蜱、茚虫威、溴氰菊酯、甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐（简称：甲维盐）复配后的联合作用,筛选出最佳配比,从而为其混剂研发提供科学依据。笔者采用室内人工饲料混毒法,测定了氟雷拉纳与毒死蜱、茚虫威、溴氰菊酯、甲维盐单剂及其混剂对斜纹夜蛾三龄幼虫的毒力,并通过共毒系数法评价复配药剂的联合作用。单剂结果表明：氟雷拉纳、溴氰菊酯和甲维盐对斜纹夜蛾具有高毒力,药后48 h的LC50值分别为0.48、0.65、0.38 mg/kg;毒死蜱和茚虫威对斜纹夜蛾的毒力中等,药后的LC50值分别为8.71、3.08 mg/kg。混配结果表明：氟雷拉纳与毒死蜱混配具有良好的增效作用,且配比为3:2时,共毒系数最高为164.2;与茚虫威混配时,具有相加作用;而与溴氰菊酯或甲维盐混配时,却均表现为拮抗作用。总之,本研究为氟雷拉纳的增效混剂研发提供了科学依据;而因其与溴氰菊酯或甲维盐混配存在拮抗作用,应避免用于混剂研发。 相似文献
8.
为探明氯啶菌酯与氟啶胺混剂对稻瘟病菌的联合毒力及田间防效,开发防治稻瘟病的新药剂,采用菌丝生长速率法分别检测氯啶菌酯、氟啶胺及其7种配比混剂对稻瘟病菌的毒力,并进行最佳配比制剂的田间药效试验。结果表明,氯啶菌酯、氟啶胺及其配比为4:1、3:1、2:1、1:1、1:2、1:3和1:4的混剂对稻瘟病菌菌丝生长抑制的EC50分别为1.4417、0.5445、0.2313、0.2693、0.1695、0.4151、0.2796、0.3395和0.3428 μg/mL,7种混剂的增效系数分别为4.69、3.79、5.49、1.90、2.46、1.90和1.81,氯啶菌酯与氟啶胺配比为2:1增效作用最显著。田间药效试验中,各处理对稻穗瘟防效由高到低依次为30%氯啶菌酯?氟啶胺SC 600 mL/hm2、30%氯啶菌酯?氟啶胺SC 450 mL/hm2、30%氯啶菌酯SC 450 mL/hm2、75%三环唑WP 300 g/hm2、30%氯啶菌酯?氟啶胺SC 300 mL/hm2、40%稻瘟灵EC 1200 g/hm2、30%氟啶胺SC 450 mL/hm2,防效分别为88.39%、83.40%、80.22%、72.91%、71.28%、65.09%和60.79%,并且均对水稻生长安全。30%氯啶菌酯?氟啶胺SC 600 mL/hm2对稻瘟病防效优良,对水稻生长安全,可开发为稻瘟病防治药剂。 相似文献
9.
为了正确评价精噁唑禾草灵·氰氟草酯混配制剂的生态环境效应,采用水培实验的方法研究了精噁唑禾草灵和氰氟草酯对三叶浮萍（Lemma Paucicostata）的单一毒性和联合毒性效应。结果表明,精噁唑禾草灵和氰氟草酯对三叶浮萍96h的IC50分别为3.33mg/L和5.04mg/L,精噁唑禾草灵·氰氟草酯混合处理液对三叶浮萍96h的IC50为3.14mg/L,对联合毒性进行评价,显示出明显的协同效应。精噁唑禾草灵、氰氟草酯及其联合处理均不同程度地减少了浮萍体内的叶绿素a、叶绿素b的含量,影响作用呈良好的浓度（剂量）-效应关系。 相似文献
10.
11.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
12.
G. H. Kroon 《Euphytica》1994,76(1-2):125-125
Summary
K x vadensis is a hybrid of K. blossfeldiana and K. marmorata obtained after doubling the number of chromosomes. 相似文献
13.
Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
14.
Summary Avoidance of rust fungi that was based on poor appressorium induction was previously found in Hordeum chilense. In the present study 95 accessions of Triticeae were screened for avoidance of Puccinia hordei. The percentage of appressorium formation per germinated spore ranged from 6 to 90%. On none of the 41 accessions of Aegilops, Agropyron, Elymus, Secale, Thinopyrum or Triticum studied was the rate of appressorium formation lower than 25%. Lower rates of appressorium formation were, however, found on accessions of wild barley species Hordeum brachyantherum, H. marinum, H. parodii and H. secalinum. Its implications in cereal breeding are discussed. 相似文献
15.
D. A. Bond G. J. Jellis G. G. Rowland J. Le Guen L. D. Robertson S. A. Khalil L. Li-Juan 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):151-166
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses. 相似文献
16.
Chunli TANG Fengxian ZHAO Hongxia CHEN Jiabao MA Jiangcun WEI Meiyan QIU Zhen XIE 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):60-65
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination... 相似文献
17.
Mohammed Riyazaddin Polavarapu B. Kavi Kishor Are Ashok Kumar Belum V. S. Reddy Rajendra S. Munghate Hari C. Sharma 《Plant Breeding》2015,134(4):423-436
Sorghum shoot fly, Atherigona soccata, is one of the important pests of postrainy season sorghums. Of the 90 sorghum genotypes evaluated for resistance to this pest, RHRB 12, ICSV 713, 25026, 93046 and 25027, IS 33844‐5, Giddi Maldandi and RVRT 3 exhibited resistance in postrainy season, while ICSB 463, Phule Anuradha, RHRB 19, Parbhani Moti, ICSV 705, PS 35805, IS 5480, 5622, 17726, 18368 and 34722, RVRT 1, ICSR 93031 and Dagidi Solapur showed resistance in rainy season, suggesting season‐specific expression of resistance to A. soccata. ICSB 461, ICSB 463, Phule Yasodha, M 35‐1, ICSV 700, 711, 25010, 25019 and 93089, IS 18662, Phule Vasudha, IS 18551 and 33844‐5 and Barsizoot had fewer deadhearts than plants with eggs across seasons, suggesting antibiosis as one of the resistance mechanism. Five genotypes exhibited resistance with high grain yield across seasons. Correlation, path and stepwise regression analyses indicated that leaf glossiness, seedling vigour, trichome density, oviposition and leaf sheath pigmentation were associated with the expression of resistance/susceptibility to shoot fly, and these can be used as marker traits to select and develop shoot fly‐resistant sorghums. 相似文献
18.
E. Keep 《Euphytica》1986,35(3):843-855
Summary Cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) is described in the F1 hybrids Ribes × carrierei (R. glutinosum albidum × R. nigrum) and R. sanguineum × R. nigrum. In backcrosses to R. nigrum, progenies with R. glutinosum cytoplasm were either all male sterile, or segregated for full male fertility (F) and complete (S) and partial (I) male sterility. Ratios of F:I+S suggested that two linked genes controlled cms, F plants being dominant for one (Rf
1) and recessive for the other (Rf
2).Segregation for cms in relation to three linded genes, Ce (resistance to the gall mite, Cecidophyopsis ribes), Sph
3(resistance to American gooseberry mildew, Sphaerotheca mors-uvae) and Lf
1(one of two dominant additive genes controlling early season leafing out) indicated that Rf
1and Rf
2were in this linkage group. The gene order and approximate crossover values appeared to be: % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqef0uAJj3BZ9Mz0bYu% H52CGmvzYLMzaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqr1ngBPrgifHhDYfgasa% acOqpw0xe9v8qqaqFD0xXdHaVhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8Wq% Ffea0-yr0RYxir-Jbba9q8aq0-yq-He9q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dme% aabaqaciGacaGaamqadaabaeaafaaakeaacaWGdbGaamyzamaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGWaGaaiOlaiaacgdacaGG0aGaaiiiaiaacc% caaaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaamOuaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaaccdacaGGUaGaaiOmaiaacs% dacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaaaacaWGsbGaamOzaSGa% aGOmaOWaaWaaaeaacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccaaaGaamitaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaaaaiaadofacaWGWbGaamiAaSGa% aG4maaaa!6E4D!\[Ce\underline { 0.14 } Rf1\underline { 0.24 } Rf2\underline { } Lf1\underline { } Sph3\]. Crossover values of 0.36 for Ce-Lf
1, and 0.15 for Lf
1-Sph
3were estimated from the relative mean differences in season of leafing out between seedlings dominant and recessive for Ce and Sph
3.It is suggested that competitive disadvantage of lf
1-carrying gametes and/or zygotes at low temperatures may be implicated in the almost invariable deficit of plants dominant for the closely linked mildew resistance allele Sph
3. Poor performance of lf
1- (and possibly lf
2-) carrying gametes and young zygotes during periods of low temperature at flowering might also account for the liability of some late season cultivars and selections to premature fruit drop (running off). 相似文献
19.
[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and ortho... 相似文献
20.
Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed. 相似文献