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1.
短短芽胞杆菌FJAT-0809-GLX具有抑菌、抗褐变和保鲜功能。以短短芽胞杆菌菌株FJAT-0809-GLX总DNA为模板,采用PCR扩增超氧化物歧化酶(Supseroxide dismutase,SOD)基因,将该片段纯化回收后与p MD18-T连接并转入大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)DH5α,进行序列测定,结果显示SOD基因序列长度为609 bp(Gen Bank登录号:KM255665),编码202个氨基酸残基。将SOD基因片段与同样酶切的表达载体p ET-28a连接,构建重组表达载体p ET-28a-SOD,转入大肠杆菌BL-21,采用异丙基-β-D-硫代吡喃半乳糖苷(Isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactopyranoside,IPTG)进行诱导表达。SDS-PAGE结果表明,在菌体中存在约25 ku的蛋白表达产物,与该基因ORF预期大小接近。以上结果为进一步研究该酶的生理生化特性奠定了基础。 相似文献
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根据GenBank中收录的菜豆几丁质酶基因mRNA序列设计一对引物,以菜豆品种五常油豆总DNA为模板,通过PCR扩增获得一个约1.1kb的DNA片段Bchi,将其克隆入pUC18载体.测序和序列分析结果表明,该序列全长1088bp,含有一个981bp的完整开放读码框,无内含子,编码327个氨基酸,编码产物在结构上具有Class Ia几丁质酶的结构特征:N-端具有一个26个氨基酸的信号肽,其后是富含8个半胱氨酸、长41个氨基酸的几丁质结合区和由249个氨基酸组成的高度保守的催化区,C-端为由11个氨基酸组成的液泡定位多肽.序列与结构上的同源性分析表明Bchi基因是菜豆Class Ia几丁质酶基因.此序列已在GenBank中注册,登录号为AY357300.以pQE-30为原核表达载体,构建成pQE-Bchi重组表达载体,转化表达受体菌E.coliM15,经IPTG诱导后表达出一个约35kD的蛋白,与推测的Bchi基因编码产物的大小一致,表明Bchi基因在大肠杆菌中能够表达,是一个具有表达功能的基因. 相似文献
3.
茶树花青素还原酶基因在大肠杆菌中的表达及优化 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
茶树花青素还原酶是催化非酯型儿茶素EC和EGC合成的关键酶。采用RT-PCR技术,获得了茶树花青素还原酶基因的开放阅读框,它编码含337个氨基酸的蛋白质,推测分子量为37kD,等电点为6.54;成功地将该基因重组到表达载体pET32a(+)上,并在大肠杆菌rosetta中进行原核表达;优化了原核表达中诱导时间、诱导温度、IPTG浓度、氨苄青霉素浓度,纯化出目的蛋白。HPLC检测表明,目的蛋白具有ANR酶活性。 相似文献
4.
为了给转HARDY(HRD)基因小麦研究奠定基础,利用PCR技术从拟南芥中克隆HRD基因,进行生物信息学分析,预测其编码的蛋白质结构与功能,构建原核表达载体pET28a(+)-HRD,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),IPTG诱导蛋白的表达,同时构建pBin-HRD植物表达载体。测序分析结果表明,克隆的HRD与NCBI发布的拟南芥核苷酸序列的同源性为99%,其开放阅读框长555bp,可编码184个氨基酸,具有许多重要功能位点;成功构建了原核表达载体pET28a(+)-HRD和植物表达载体pBin-HRD,诱导表达出大小约为23.3kD的蛋白,与理论值相近。 相似文献
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通过PCR方法从苏云金芽孢杆菌010菌株克隆出几丁质酶基因chi36,该基因开放阅读框(ORF)的长度为1 083bp,编码360个氨基酸。氨基酸序列分析表明:Bt 010的Chi36与Bt15A3、Bc28-9、Bc6E1的Chi36相似性分别为99%、99%和96%,其N-端具有27个氨基酸的信号肽序列。该蛋白归类为18家族几丁质酶,属于一种胞外酶。将chi36基因插入到PGEX-KG原核表达载体的表达框中,构建成原核表达载体并转化到大肠杆菌E.coli BL21(DE3)进行蛋白表达,酶活性测定结果表明,表达产物对几丁质有降解作用,在pH值为5.0、温度为55℃时酶活性最高。 相似文献
8.
大豆rbcL基因克隆、序列分析及原核表达 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用叶绿体基因组保守性的特征,根据菜豆、豌豆、烟草的rbcL基因序列设计引物,从大豆叶绿体DNA中克隆rbcL基因,全长序列为1488bp,包括1449bp的开放阅读框,编码482个氨基酸。相似性比较显示,此序列与其它10个物种rbcL基因核苷酸的同源性为85.37%～95.31%,氨基酸的同源性为90.87%～96.47%。将该基因与表达载体pET-30a（+）连接,转化大肠杆菌Rosseta感受态细胞,PCR和酶切鉴定筛选阳性克隆,阳性菌液IPTG诱导后经10%SDS-PAGE分析,结果显示：诱导表达出分子量约为60kD的特异融合蛋白。 相似文献
9.
甜菜蔗糖磷酸合成酶基因的克隆及序列分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
甜菜蔗糖磷酸合成酶(Beta vulgaris sucrose phosphate synthase,BvSPS)是甜菜体内控制蔗糖合成的关键酶之一。根据Genbank上的BvSPS序列(Genbank accession no.X X81975),利用RT-PCR方法,从甜菜体内扩增获得了BvSPS基因的cDNA全长,并将其连接到pMD 18-T载体上。通过利用PstI、XbaI和EcoRI对重组质粒pMD 18-T-BvSPS进行酶切鉴定,进一步确定了重组质粒的正确性。利用生物信息学软件分析结果表明,该基因cDNA全长为3138bp,编码1045个氨基酸,蛋白质分子量为118.18kDa,等电点为6.15,该蛋白被预测定位于细胞核内。 相似文献
10.
香蕉束顶病毒海口分离物CP基因的原核表达、纯化及其抗血清制备 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
用PCR方法从感染香蕉束顶病毒(Banana bunchy top virus,BBTV)的香蕉植株幼嫩假茎和叶片总DNA中扩增外壳蛋白(coat protein,CP)基因。回收目的片段,经XhoⅠ和BamHⅠ双酶切后与同样酶切的质粒载体pET30a(+)相连接,酶切验证及测序结果获得了含BBTV CP基因的重组质粒pET30a-CP。将重组质粒转化Codon plus表达菌,在25℃、0.4mmol/L IPTG条件下诱导6h或过夜,经12%SDS-PAGE电泳分析可知,该重组菌表达了一个与预期分子量大小一致的His-CP融合蛋白,约为30ku,且主要以包涵体的形式存在。多次洗涤包涵体后得到高纯度的融合蛋白,用其免疫家兔,获得BBTV CP蛋白抗血清。间接ELISA法测定抗血清效价大于51200。Western blot分析表明,抗血清能与融合蛋白特异性结合。 相似文献
11.
Joseph E. Laferriere Charles W. Weber Edwin A. Kohlhepp 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1991,41(3):277-282
Teas of plant origin traditionally consumed by the Mountain Pima of Chihuahua, Mexico, were analyzed for mineral nutritional content. Fe, Cu, Zn, Ca, and Mg composition was determined for native teas made from shoots ofTagetes lucida, T. filifolia, Elytraria imbricata, andHolodiscus dumosus, and from root xylem ofCeanothus depressus andPhaseolus ritensis. Native uses of these teas are also described. 相似文献
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《Journal of Crop Improvement》2013,27(2):81-114
Summary The efficiency of N fertilizers is usually poor; often less than 50% of the applied N is taken up by the crop. This review focuses on various N fertilizers with respect to the significance of different N loss pathways, namely (i) ammonia volatilization, (ii) dinitrogen and nitrogen oxide emissions, and (iii) nitrate leaching. Further, the significance of biological N immobilization, ammonium fixation and, finally, the impact of nitrate vs. ammonium uptake on crop yield are also discussed. The reviewed literature shows that N fertilizers may differ markedly in their susceptibility to losses. There is, however, considerable scope to improve N efficiency of each N source by proper N management practices. 相似文献
14.
Tatiana G. Polotow Sandra C. Poppe Cristina V. Vardaris Douglas Ganini Maísa Guariroba Rita Mattei Elaine Hatanaka Maria F. Martins Eduardo F. Bondan Marcelo P. Barros 《Marine drugs》2015,13(10):6117-6137
Health authorities worldwide have consistently recommended the regular consumption of marine fishes and seafood to preserve memory, sustain cognitive functions, and prevent neurodegenerative processes in humans. Shrimp, crabs, lobster, and salmon are of particular interest in the human diet due to their substantial provision of omega-3 fatty acids (n-3/PUFAs) and the antioxidant carotenoid astaxanthin (ASTA). However, the optimal ratio between these nutraceuticals in natural sources is apparently the key factor for maximum protection against most neuro-motor disorders. Therefore, we aimed here to investigate the effects of a long-term supplementation with (n-3)/PUFAs-rich fish oil, ASTA-rich algal biomass, the combination of them, or krill oil (a natural combination of both nutrients) on baseline redox balance and neuro-inflammation indexes in cerebellum and motor cortex of Wistar rats. Significant changes in redox metabolism were only observed upon ASTA supplementation, which reinforce its antioxidant properties with a putative mitochondrial-centered action in rat brain. Krill oil imposed mild astrocyte activation in motor cortex of Wistar rats, although no redox or inflammatory index was concomitantly altered. In summary, there is no experimental evidence that krill oil, fish oil, oralgal biomass (minor variation), drastically change the baseline oxidative conditions or the neuro-inflammatory scenario in neuromotor-associated rat brain regions. 相似文献
15.
Youna Hemery Ulla Holopainen Anna-Maija Lampi Pekka Lehtinen Tanja Nurmi Vieno Piironen Minnamari Edelmann Xavier Rouau 《Journal of Cereal Science》2011
Wheat bran is a composite material made of several layers, such as pericarp, testa and aleurone. It could be fractionated into purified fractions, which might either be used as food ingredients, or serve as a starting material for extraction of bioactive compounds. The aim of this work was to evaluate the potential of using electrostatic separation as a way to obtain purified fractions from wheat bran. Ultrafine-ground bran obtained either by cryogenic grinding or by grinding at ambient temperature was used as starting material. The ultrafine bran was then charged by tribo-electrification and introduced in a chamber containing two high voltage electrodes, where bran particles were separated depending on their acquired charge, allowing positively and negatively charged fractions to be collected separately. The particle size distribution, microstructure and biochemical composition of the obtained fractions were studied. The charge of the particles was influenced by their biochemical composition: particles rich in highly branched and cross-linked arabinoxylans (pericarp) were separated from particles rich in β-glucan, ferulic acid and para-coumaric acid (aleurone cell walls). The testa and the intracellular compounds from aleurone were not highly charged, neither positively nor negatively. The most positively charged fraction represented 34% of the initial bran, and contained 62% of the ferulic acid present in the initial bran. The yield of the separation process was good (5.4% loss), and could be further increased. 相似文献
16.
Novel food and non-food uses for sorghum and millets 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：4
Sorghum and millets have considerable potential in foods and beverages. As they are gluten-free they are suitable for coeliacs. Sorghum is also a potentially important source of nutraceuticals such antioxidant phenolics and cholesterol-lowering waxes. Cakes, cookies, pasta, a parboiled rice-like product and snack foods have been successfully produced from sorghum and, in some cases, millets. Wheat-free sorghum or millet bread remains the main challenge. Additives such as native and pre-gelatinised starches, hydrocolloids, fat, egg and rye pentosans improve bread quality. However, specific volumes are lower than those for wheat bread or gluten-free breads based on pure starches, and in many cases, breads tend to stale faster. Lager and stout beers with sorghum are brewed commercially. Sorghum's high-starch gelatinisation temperature and low beta-amylase activity remain problems with regard to complete substitution of barley malt with sorghum malt . The role of the sorghum endosperm matrix protein and cell wall components in limiting extract is a research focus. Brewing with millets is still at an experimental stage. Sorghum could be important for bioethanol and other bio-industrial products. Bioethanol research has focused on improving the economics of the process through cultivar selection, method development for low-quality grain and pre-processing to recover valuable by-products. Potential by-products such as the kafirin prolamin proteins and the pericarp wax have potential as bioplastic films and coatings for foods, primarily due to their hydrophobicity. 相似文献
17.
Tovar LR Olivos M Gutierrez ME 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2008,63(4):189-194
Pulque is made by fermenting the agave sap or aguamiel of Agave atrovirens with a whole array of microorganisms present in the environment including several lactic acid bacteria and yeasts such as
Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Ascorbic acid was determined in pulque and aguamiel, respectively. Phytase activity in lees, liquid and freeze-dried pulque was assayed by measuring the appearance of phosphate from phytate by a colorimetric method likewise phosphate from phytate
present in fresh corn tortilla was measured after in vitro incubation with pulque. Iron, zinc, calcium, magnesium and selenium contents were measured in pulque and corn tortilla as well as in nixtamalized corn flour (NCF), the latter is used to make instant tortilla, since corn provides
most of the energy as well as most of the phytate in the Mexican rural diet. Pulque showed phytase activity but much less ascorbic acid and iron than previously reported; additionally, phytase in pulque hydrolyzed most of phytate’s corn tortilla. Lees, which is mostly made of pulque’s microbiota, significantly accumulated iron and zinc but no selenium. NCF was fortified with iron by the manufacturers but
poorly blended. There were significant differences on selenium content between tortillas samples, apparently some soils in
central Mexico are selenium deficient. Moderate pulque intake appears to increase the bioavailability of iron and zinc bound by phytate in corn. 相似文献
18.
Summary Recurrent backcrosses (BC) were used to introduce nuclear factors ofS. tuberosum L. ssp.tuberosum into the cytoplasm of Andean potatoesS. tuberosum ssp.andigena (Juz. and Buk.) Hawkes andS. phureja Juz. and Buk. Each generation BC was produced in reciprocal directions to test the effect of cytoplasmic substitution on
yield. This report analyses tuber number, tuber weight, and tuber length of BC2 and BC3 substitution into ssp.andigena cytoplasm and BC2 and BC2 substitutions intoS. phureja cytoplasm. Direction of cross had no consistent significant effect on yield components of ssp.andigena substitution lines. InS. phureja reciprocal progenies direction of cross was responsible for significant differences of some reciprocal sets. When there were
significant differences the higher yield usually occurred when ssp.tuberosum was the pistillate parent, but in some progenies when ssp.tuberosum was the pistillate parent the yield was significantly lower than in the reciprocals. It is suggested that differences between
reciprocals resulted from chromosomally encoded gene action, resulting from maternal and/or paternal effects, rather than
cytoplasmic factors.
Authorized for publication as paper No. 7494 in the Journal Series of The Pennsylvania Agriculture Experiment Station. 相似文献
19.
Alexander N. Shikov Elena V. Flisyuk Ekaterina D. Obluchinskaya Olga N. Pozharitskaya 《Marine drugs》2020,18(11)
Marine organisms represent an excellent source of innovative compounds that have the potential for the development of new drugs. The pharmacokinetics of marine drugs has attracted increasing interest in recent decades due to its effective and potential contribution to the selection of rational dosage recommendations and the optimal use of the therapeutic arsenal. In general, pharmacokinetics studies how drugs change after administration via the processes of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME). This review provides a summary of the pharmacokinetics studies of marine-derived active compounds, with a particular focus on their ADME. The pharmacokinetics of compounds derived from algae, crustaceans, sea cucumber, fungus, sea urchins, sponges, mollusks, tunicate, and bryozoan is discussed, and the pharmacokinetics data in human experiments are analyzed. In-depth characterization using pharmacokinetics is useful for obtaining information for understanding the molecular basis of pharmacological activity, for correct doses and treatment schemes selection, and for more effective drug application. Thus, an increase in pharmacokinetic research on marine-derived compounds is expected in the near future. 相似文献
20.
Résumé
Fusarium culmorum et, dans une moindre mesure,F. avenaceum, F. sambucinum, Colletotrichum coccodes etCylindrocarpon sp. ont été isolés de tubercules entreposés en atmosphère contr?lée (AC) et atteints de pourriture grave. Des expériences
d'inoculation de tubercules avec 10 espèces ou variétés fongiques et conservation en AC à 8 et 10°C ont montré que: 1) les
champignons non pathogènes en atmosphère normale (ex.:Cylindrocarpon sp.) le devenaient en AC, 2) ceux qui étaient faiblement pathogènes en atmosphère normale étaient nettement plus virulents
en AC (ex.:F. culmorum), 3) les espèces ou variétés virulentes en conditions d'air normales (Fusarium sulphureum etPhoma exigua var.foveata) ne provoquaient pas de pourriture plus grave en AC et leur activité pouvait même être légérement freinée.
Summary The extensive rotting of tubers which occurred during storage trials in controlled atmospheres has led to a mycological and pathological study of the rots. The most frequently isolated species wasFusarium culmorum althoughF. avenaceum, F. Sambucinum, Coletotrichum coccodes and aCylindrocarpon sp. were also present. Tubers of cvs Bintje and Ulla were inoculated with 19 isolates of 10 fungal species or varieties associated with rotting of stored tubers (Table 1). The tubers were incubated at 8 or 10°C in normal or controlled (2% O2:1% CO2, 2% O2:6% CO2, 2% O2:12% CO2, 6% O2:6% CO2) atmospheres and the extent of rotting was determined a month later (Tables 2 and 3 and Fig. 2). Species which were weakly virulent in a normal atmosphere (variousFusarium spp. andPhoma exigua var.exigua) were clearly more aggressive in the controlled atmosphere and this was especially evident in the case ofF. culmorum. Species ot pathogenic in a normal atmosphere under experimental conditions (Colletotrichum coccodes, Cylindrocarpon sp.,Phoma eupyrena) caused rotting in the controlled atmosphere. The two species which were virulent in a normal atmosphere (F. sulphureum andP. exigua var.foveata) were also virulent in the controlled atmosphere and in some cases the extent of rotting was even less. As a general rule, rotting caused by weakly virulent fungi was greater in both cultivars in the controlled than in a normal atmosphere.
Zusammenfassung Eine starke F?ulnis von in Kontrotrollierter Atmosph?re gelagerten Kartoffelknollen veranlasste eine mykologische und pathologische Untersuchung. Der am h?ufigsten isolierte Pilz warFusarium culmorum. F. avenaceum, F. sambucinum, Colletotrichum coccodes undCylindrocarpon sp. wurden ebenfalls bestimmt. Neunzehn St?mme von 10 Pilzsorten oder-Arten welche bei Lagerf?ulnis vorkommen (Tab. 1) wurden auf Knollen der Sorten Bintje und Ulla inokuliert. Die Lagerung wurde bei 8 oder 10°C under Normalbedingungen oder kontrollierter Atmosph?re durchgeführt (2% O2:1% CO2, 2% O2:6% CO2, 2% O2:12% CO2, 6% O2:6% CO2). Der F?ulnisgrad (Abb. 1) wurde nach einem Monat bonitiert. Die Ergebnisse sind in den Tabellen 2 und 3 dargestellt und in der Abb. 2 illustriert. Unter in Normalbedingungen nur schwach virulente Arten (verschiedeneFusarien undPhoma exigua var. exigua) waren deutlich aktiver in kontrollierter Atmosph?re. Dies was besonders der Fall fürF. culmorum. Pilze, die im Versuch unter Normalbedingungen nicht pathogen waren (Colletotrichum coccodes, Cylindrocarpon sp., Phoma eupyrena), haben unter kontrollierter Atmosph?re Sch?den verursacht. Hingegen werden die beiden unter Normalbedingungen sehr pathogenen Arten (F. sulphureum undP., exigua var.foveata), durch kontrollierte Atmosph?re wenig beeinflusst. Es wurde sogar in einigen F?llen eine gewisse Verringerung des F?ulnisbefalls beobachtet. Ganz allgemein haben die getesteten kontrollierten Bedingungen die Entwicklung der Pilzf?ulnis an beiden Kartoffelsorten gef?rdert, speziell durch Pilzarten, welche unter Normal-bedingungen wenig Sch?den verursachen.相似文献