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“黔中金荞麦”是贵州省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所选育的优质牧草(品种登记号：2019581),为建立同时测定该药材中表儿茶素、原花青素B2、芦丁和槲皮素的检测方法,考察其含量多样性,采用高效液相色谱法测定并分析其含量与野生金荞麦的差异。C18柱(250×4.6 mm, 5μm),乙腈-0.4%磷酸水梯度洗脱,进样量10μL,流速0.7 mL/min,检测波长254 nm,温度30℃;原花青素B2、表儿茶素、芦丁和槲皮素分别在5～85(r2=0.9998)、5～80(r2=0.9998)、0.5～8(r2=0.9996)、0.125～2.0μg/mL(r2=0.9999)范围内呈现良好线性关系,加样回收率高;黔西和麦坪的“黔中金荞麦”4种成分总含量高达1189.70、1108.01μg/g,其中原花青素B2、芦丁和槲皮素含量最高,丹寨野生金荞麦表儿茶素含量最高。结果表明,本法准确可靠,适合“黔中金荞麦”的内控质量监测... 相似文献
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‘国峰7号’是辽宁省果树科学研究所2005年以‘龙园秋李’和‘澳14’李杂交育成的新品种,2016年由山西农业大学果树研究所引进,具有极晚熟、抗寒、抗流胶病、耐贮运、风味浓郁等特点。果实扁圆形,果顶平,平均单果重70.445克,最大单果重88.34克,果实整齐度好,缝合线浅,两半对称;果皮底色黄绿,成熟时果皮紫黑色,不易剥离;果肉黄色,近皮红色,纤维细、少,果肉品质上;果实可食率98.64%。可溶性固形物含量21.28%,可溶性糖含量9.0%,可滴定酸含量1.6%,Vc含量6.0 mg/100g,花青素含量0.732mg/g,硬度10.8 kg/cm2;半离核,核倒卵圆形,核鲜重0.958g。在山西省晋中市8月中下旬成熟,果实发育期138d左右,适宜在晋中及周边地区栽培。 相似文献
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根据SSR标记分型结果结合果实成熟期与外观特征,探索快速区分‘玉带李’等三个熟期或外观相近的青皮李品种的方法,并使用基因组重测序技术简析其遗传背景。本试验使用前人公布的77对李属种质资源SSR标记对‘玉带李’等三个青皮李品种开展基因分型,结果表明,29号引物和UDP98-021可以作为区分‘蜂糖李’的分子标记,ASS R71可以作为区分‘青脆李’的分子标记;再结合‘玉带李’的果实成熟期和水渍带状缝合线,可以成功区分出这3个李品种。此外,基于重测序技术的SNP、InDel变异检测以及可视化分析的结果表明‘玉带李’与其他两个对照品种的遗传背景差异较大,而‘青脆李’和‘蜂糖李’遗传背景高度相似。‘玉带李’可以作为‘青脆李’和‘蜂糖李’的配套授粉品种,是李品种改良的优良亲本。 相似文献
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不同国家和地区的苹果种质资源具有不同的果实品质,本文以2012年从保加利亚引进的4个苹果主栽品种和烟台本地主栽品种‘红将军’为试验材料,分析了成熟期果实的常规品质、糖酸组分和香气物质的含量。结果表明,保加利亚品种与烟台本地品种在果实品质、口感和风味上存在明显差异,‘Martinike’的果实硬度、可溶性固形物含量、可溶性糖和总单宁含量均为最大,数值分别是9.8kg?cm-2,14.1%和9.43%、780.15mg?kg-1;在香气物质成分分析中,‘Martinike’检测出的香气物质种类最多为43种,且其醇类相对含量最高为27.79%,是典型的醇香型苹果,另外‘Martinike’的酯类含量最高,而与贮藏性呈正相关的ɑ-法尼烯的相对含量却是最低。综上认为,‘Martinike’的综合性状最为优良,可作为种质资源与本地品种杂交进行创新利用,并优先在烟威地区乃至全省及苹果适栽区进行推广。 相似文献
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【目的】】针对‘早红李’座果率低的问题,研究不同树形和人工授粉对其座果率及品质的影响,为提升‘早红李’的产量和品质提供一定的理论依据和技术支持。【方法】本试验以 5 年生‘早红李’为材料,研究不同的树形对果实的影响,并采用不同的品种和授粉方式,分析对其座果率的影响。【结果】（1）避雨栽培下果实的可溶性固形物高于露天栽培;（2）树形为开心型和篱壁型的‘早红李’单果重、纵横径高于自然型;（3）授粉品种和授粉方法对‘早红李’座果率的影响明显,表现为大红李﹥吉胜﹥大石早生,电动喷粉﹥人工点授﹥液体授粉。【结论】‘早红李’在避雨下栽培且树形为开心型有利于提高果实产量和品质;大红李是较理想的父本,而电动喷粉是最理想的授粉方式。 相似文献
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为提高‘蜂糖李’产量,改善果实品质。本研究以9年生‘蜂糖李’为试材,研究了4个负载量水平,即201~400个果实/株(T1）、401~600个/株（T2）、601~800个/株（T3）和800个/株以上（T4）对其产量和果实品质的影响。结果表明,随着负载量的增多,产量随之增加,而单果重和果实品质则降低。其中单株负载量在601~800个,果实的整齐度最佳,产量为27.76kg/株,显著高于T1和T2;T3可溶性固形物含量高达19.63%,糖酸比44.98,维生素C含量为3.32 mg?(100g﹣1),产量和品质表现良好。合理的负载量能提高‘蜂糖李’的产量和品质,单株控果量在601~800个间最适宜。 相似文献
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猕猴桃果实风味独特,富含维生素C,享有“水果之王”的美称,近年来发展迅速。江苏省气候适合猕猴桃的生长,栽培面积逐年增加,本文对四个猕猴桃优良品种‘青皮红香’、‘早鲜’、‘翠香’和‘晚红’在南京地区的引种栽培表现进行了观测。四个猕猴桃品种果实各具特点,且与其他地区的表现有所差异,‘青皮红香’果皮无毛,红肉,但在南京果肉为绿色,其他果皮品质也不佳;‘早鲜’成熟早,在南京8月中旬即可成熟,耐贮藏,果实重量达到91.03 g,且维生素C含量较高,为82.13 mg/100g,但口味偏酸;‘翠香’果皮易剥落,果肉翠绿,可溶性糖含量（9.56%）和糖酸比（8.25）较高,口味佳;‘晚红’果肉绿,果心周围具红色,可溶性固形物含量高达19.11,但果实较小,为62.92 g。 相似文献
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通过研究‘沃柑’果实成熟期植株矿质元素积累与养分分配规律,明确‘沃柑’树体矿质养分需求,为其“以果定肥”提供科学依据,从而实现‘沃柑’养分的数字化管理。本研究采用挖掘解剖取样,对广西主产区3株五年生‘沃柑’植株不同器官的生物量和矿质营养进行测定分析。结果表明：‘沃柑’单株鲜果产量为75.9kg,占全株鲜质量的63.88%。根系、枝干、叶片和果实的干质量分别占植株的13.31%,39.23%,13.74%和33.72%。在不同植物器官中,叶片中N、Ca、Mg、S、Mn、Cu、Zn和B含量最高,根系中P和Fe含量最高, 果实的K含量最高。按每株果实产量50kg计,果实采收携带走N、P、K、Ca、Mg、S、Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn和B的养分量分别为80.84g, 8.29g,72.91g,30.79g,4.82g,3.5g,218.75mg,35.21mg,41.87mg,35.99mg,91.42mg,分别占树体相应养分总量的31.36%、38.96%、57.87%、9.04%、31.74%、22.20%、12.99%、14.64%、15.07%、25.78%和19.03%。本研究探明了‘沃柑’果实养分携出量以及果实养分分配系数,为‘沃柑’养分需求决策和优化施肥提供依据。 相似文献
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Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
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Davis MS Willard MD Nelson SL Mandsager RE McKiernan BS Mansell JK Lehenbauer TW 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(3):311-314
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large. 相似文献
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Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
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Tropical Animal Health and Production - 相似文献
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Waruiru RM Thamsborg SM Nansen P Kyvsgaard NC Bogh HO Munyua WK Gathuma JM 《Tropical animal health and production》2001,33(3):173-187
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round. 相似文献
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The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host. 相似文献
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H Hayashi T Yoshimura J Y Chen 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1985,8(2):73-87
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed. 相似文献
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Evaluation of biohydrogenation rate of canola vs. soya bean seeds as unsaturated fatty acids sources for ruminants in situ 
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下载免费PDF全文 S. Pashaei T. Ghoorchi A. Yamchi 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(2):211-216
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed. 相似文献
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Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb
albumin
- ALT
alanine aminotransferase
- AST
aspartate aminotransferase
- BUN
blood urea nitrogen
- Chol
cholesterol
- Glob
globulin
- -GT
-glutamyl transpeptidase
- IP
inorganic phosphorus
- TP
total protein 相似文献