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1.
1997～2001年间31个不同传染性法氏囊病病毒分离株的致病性研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
对1997～2001年间从不同地区收集到的31个鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒(IBDV)野毒株分别人工感染3～7周龄SPF鸡,以比较和确定它们的致病性.比较试验表明,不同毒株间的毒力差异很大,人工感染鸡的年龄也对病毒的致死率有很大影响,4周龄SPF鸡最易感.致病性最强的GX8/99不仅有较明显的易感年龄范围,而且可稳定地引起高达70%～92%的死亡率,是一株真正的超强毒.而人工接种YN2/99株的SPF鸡的死亡率几乎为零.其余毒株对SPF鸡的致死率则介于6%～77%间,但是所有毒株都能造成法氏囊和胸腺的显著萎缩.本研究还表明,我国近几年流行的IBDV大多数毒株的毒力介于典型的超强毒和标准毒之间. 相似文献
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鸡传染性法氏囊病疫苗B87对SPF鸡289的免疫效果 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
30日龄SPF鸡经点鼻途径用鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒（1BDV）的中等毒力疫苗B87株免疫后14d，再以200个ELD50超强毒IBDV株GX8/99点鼻人工攻毒，所有鸡都没有发病死亡。而对照鸡有10/10发病和6/10死亡，并有典型的病理变化。这表明，对SPF鸡用中等毒力的IBDV疫苗免疫可诱发有效的免疫保护作用。并能完全抵抗超强毒IBDV的攻击。 相似文献
3.
应用 SPF鸡分别比较研究了两个国内厂家生产的中等毒力 IBDV疫苗接种后对法氏囊和胸腺的影响和对超强毒 GX-8/99攻毒后的免疫保护力。结果表明 ,用于试验的两个中等毒力疫苗虽然在 SPF鸡可引起法氏囊和胸腺不同程度的萎缩 ,但确实能够 1 0 0 %保护已经免疫的SPF鸡免于超强毒 IBDV人工感染造成的死亡 ,而且 ,还能减缓和预防超强毒感染合并诱发的法氏囊的炎症、出血和变性。从而说明 ,在不受母源抗体干扰条件下 ,中等毒力的 IBDV疫苗能诱发对超强毒 IBDV中国株 GX-8/99攻毒的有效免疫保护力。 相似文献
4.
鸡传染性法氏囊病(IBD)又称鸡传染性腔上囊病。传染性法氏囊病毒属双RNA病毒科,包括两个血清型。根据毒株的致病性,IBDV可分为无致病力(血清II型)、弱毒力(疫苗株)、经典强毒、变异株和超强毒株。血清II型株不引起鸡的法氏囊损伤和鸡只死亡。弱毒力株不引起死亡,但根据其毒力的差异对法氏囊造成不同程度的损伤。经典强毒株引起 相似文献
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IBDV超强毒GX8/99株的细胞适应毒和鸡体传代毒的致病性和VP5基因的比较 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
传染性法氏囊病病毒(Infectious Bursal Diseas Virus,IBDV)的超强毒株GX8/99经在鸡胚成纤维细胞(CEF)上连续盲传23代后,细胞适应毒株GXC23时鸡的致病性显著减弱,对4～6周龄SPF鸡的致死率从85%～90%减为0～5%.GXC23在96孔细胞培养板上经2次无限稀释法后得到3个克隆病毒.经SPF鸡回传20代后,相应的毒株GX-2820、GX-4820、GX-5820对SPF鸡的致死率仍维持在0～5%.序列比较表明,GX8/99在传代过程中,其细胞适应毒GXC23有8个碱基突变,其中5个碱基突变导致了氨基酸改变.bp#2 T→C突变,导致传代毒ORF中的起始编码子后移了4个氨基酸.而3个克隆化病毒回鸡20代后致病性不变,这几个位点也保持不变,且与3个疫苗株完全一致.进一步分析表明,有4个超强毒株和4个强毒株的VP5基因的5个位点与GX8/99原始毒相同,而另3个超强毒及6个强毒株与细胞适应毒GXC23一致.这些结果表明,超强毒GX8/99在细胞传代过程中VP5基因上5个氨基酸的变异主要与适应细胞培养相关而与致病性无关. 相似文献
6.
CEF－9是传染性法氏囊病病毒超强毒株vvIBDV-Gx在鸡胚成纤维细胞上传代致弱过程中的第9代毒。我们对其分子生物学及生物学特性进行了研究，结果表明其VP2基因序列即具有超强毒的特性，又兼有部分致弱毒的特征；其致病性介于超强毒株和致弱株之间；在体内外均不稳定的，体外继续传代可继续致弱，回归体内可迅速返强。这说明CEF－9是vvIBDV驯化时，毒力强弱转化的中间过渡形式。 相似文献
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本试验在对29株来自山东省不同地区的IBDV野毒株致病性初步比较的基础上,又用SPF鸡进行重复试验,以阐明最近几年IBDV在山东省的流行形式及毒力变化规律。 相似文献
9.
从中国广东省发生传染性法氏囊病的鸡场分离了8株传染性囊病病毒(Infectious bursal disease virus,IBDV)毒株,运用RT-PCR对分离毒株进行了鉴定,测定了8个分离株的ELD50以及其对SPF鸡的致死率。结果表明:这8株分离毒对SPF鸡的致死率均等于或超过60%,属于超强毒。运用RT-PCR方法对分离毒株进行了鉴定并对各毒株VP2基因高变区进行扩增测序,分析结果表明:这8株分离株均为IBDV超强毒株,同时也说明当前在广东省引起鸡传染性法氏囊病的主要毒株类型多为超强毒IBDV。 相似文献
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从山东省多个地区患传染性法氏囊病的鸡群中，分离到５个野毒株，经过琼脂双向双扩散试验、ＥＬＩＳＡ试验、血凝试验、病毒感染力测定、回归试验、电镜观察等６项鉴定，证明是鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒。并且，各毒株毒力差异较大，有的毒株感染力相当强，ＥＬＤ５０／０．２ｍＬ＝１０６．００。 相似文献
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猪多杀性巴氏杆菌对HeLa细胞附着能力的研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
本研究通过猪肺疫的活菌疫苗和死菌疫苗多杀性巴氏杆菌菌株(Pasteurella multocida,Pm)对小鼠的毒力试验测定它们的毒力性。结果表明,死菌疫苗Pm的毒力性比活菌疫苗Pm的强,即死亡率分别为10 0 %和0 %。通过两菌株对He L a细胞的附着试验测定它们的附着能力,结果证明强毒菌的附着能力明显地比弱毒菌强(P<0 .0 1) ,平均附着数分别为11.96和2 .4 4 ;从上述菌株细胞荚膜中分别提取荚膜蛋白,用SDS- PAGE分离测定两菌株荚膜蛋白质结构,结果表明39k Da荚膜蛋白是强毒菌的特异性蛋白。以上研究结果证明Pm的毒力与He L a细胞的附着能力是密切相关的,同时暗示本菌39k Da荚膜蛋白可能与它们的毒力和He L a细胞的附着能力有关 相似文献
14.
2011年8月,从河南省疑似传染性法氏囊病鸡群采集病料,通过鸡胚接种、琼脂扩散试验和RT-PCR等方法,证实分离的病毒为传染性法氏囊病病毒（Infectiousbursaldiseasevirus,IBDV）,命名为HB／11株。序列分析表明,HB／11株VP2基因的核苷酸序列与GenBank中发表的部分国内外IBDV超强毒株VP2基因序列相似性在99％左右;HB／11株VP2高变区基因含有七肽基序为SWSASGS,在222、253、256、279、284、294和299位上的氨基酸残基分别是A、Q、I、D、A、I和S,具有IBDV强毒的分子特征。动物回归试验表明,30日龄鸡群接种该毒株后引起鸡群发病率为100％,死亡率为70％,剖检可见鸡传染性法氏囊病典型病变。因此该病毒为IBDV强毒株。 相似文献
15.
Induction of strong protection by vaccination with partially attenuated serotype 1 Marek's disease viruses 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Witter RL 《Avian diseases》2002,46(4):925-937
Studies were conducted to better understand the relationship among Marcek's disease (MD) vaccine strains between induction of protective immunity and the degree of attenuation (or virulence). To obtain viruses at different stages of attenuation, very virulent plus MD strains 584A and 648A and selected clones of these strains were serially passaged in chicken and duck cells. These viruses were considered fully attenuated after passage for 70-100 times in chicken embryo cell cultures until they no longer induced gross lesions in susceptible, maternal antibody-negative (ab-) chickens. Lower passages of the same strains were considered partially attenuated, provided their virulence was less than that of the parent strain. Four of five partially attenuated preparations derived from MD virus strains 584A and 648A or the previously attenuated Md11 strain induced 28%-62% higher levels of protection in maternal antibody-positive (ab+) chickens against virulent MD challenge than the fully attenuated counterpart viruses. The partially attenuated 584A/d2/3 strain replicated in chickens but was totally nonprotective. Data from two subsequent trials in ab+ chickens confirmed that protection induced by the partly attenuated (passage 80) preparations was 79% and 118% higher, respectively, than that induced by the fully attenuated (passage 100) preparations of strain 648A. However, in one trial with ab- chickens, no difference in protection between partially and fully attenuated virus was observed. Strong protection (up to 85%) against highly virulent challenge also was provided by preparations of 648A at passages 40-60, which were moderately oncogenic when used alone. Partially attenuated strains tended to replicate to higher titers in both ab+ and ab- chickens compared with fully attenuated vaccines. Also, ab+ and ab- chickens vaccinated with partially attenuated strains developed three- to nine fold more extensive microscopic lesions in peripheral nerves at 14 and 22 days after virulent challenge than chickens vaccinated with fully attenuated strains. When measured in ab+ chickens, loss of lesion induction by 648A was achieved 30 passages earlier (at passage 70) than when measured in ab- chickens. Thus, maternal antibodies appeared to abrogate the pathogenicity of some partially attenuated strains. These studies establish for MD the principle that at least some partially attenuated MD viruses may replicate better and induce stronger immunity against virulent challenge than fully attenuated preparations of the same strain, at least when tested in ab+ chickens. Moreover, depending on passage level, partially attenuated vaccine strains may be relatively innocuous for ab+ chickens, causing few or no lesions. 相似文献
16.
Virulence and toxigenicity of capsular serogroup D Pasteurella multocida strains isolated from avian hosts 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Five capsular serogroup D strains of Pasteurella multocida isolated from avian hosts were examined for virulence and toxigenicity. Virulence was based on development of lethal infections or lesions following intramuscular exposure of turkey poults. The four strains isolated from turkeys varied from slightly to moderately virulent; the strain isolated from a chicken was avirulent. Poults exposed by intra-airsac inoculation with relatively few organisms of the more virulent of the strains had a high mortality rate; however, intranasal exposure of poults with this strain did not cause clinical disease or establish infections. All strains from turkeys were toxigenic, producing heat-labile toxins that killed poults when administered intraperitoneally and caused focal dermal lesions when administered intradermally. Using these criteria, the strain from a chicken was not toxigenic. The demonstration of virulence, particularly the high mortality in poults exposed via air sacs, indicates avian capsular serogroup D strains are a potential cause of fowl cholera. 相似文献
17.
Twenty-five strains of Escherichia coli isolated from turkeys were characterized for their serum resistance and virulence. An in vitro bactericidal assay was used to determine the serum resistance of E coli. Virulence was determined by survival time after IV inoculation of each strain into 3-week-old turkeys. Serum-resistant E coli strains were generally found to be virulent for turkeys, whereas serum-sensitive E coli strains were avirulent. Of the 25 strains, 18 strains were placed in the 2 categories of serum-resistant/virulent and serum-sensitive/avirulent. Five strains were serum-resistant and avirulent, and 2 strains were serum-sensitive and virulent. Serum resistance appears to be an important determinant of virulence for E coli in turkeys; however, the requirement for other virulence factors, in addition to serum resistance, was suggested by the finding that 5 serum-resistant strains were avirulent in turkeys. 相似文献
18.
Virulence of Salmonella enteritidis phagetypes 4, 8 and 13 and other Salmonella spp. for day-old chicks, hens and mice. 
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下载免费PDF全文 C Poppe W Demczuk K McFadden R P Johnson 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1993,57(4):281-287
Virulence of three Canadian poultry strains of Salmonella enteritidis, namely phagetypes (PT) 4, 8 and 13, and one Salmonella heidelberg strain was assessed in orally and intraperitoneally inoculated one-day old chickens and compared to the virulence of a human S. enteritidis PT 4 strain from the United Kingdom (UK). The two PT 4 strains were also compared in orally inoculated adult laying hens. In addition, orally inoculated Balb/c mice were used to evaluate virulence of the above strains and two strains of Salmonella typhimurium containing different plasmids. In orally inoculated one-day old chickens, the UK S. enteritidis PT 4 strain was more virulent than the Canadian PT 4 strain. The UK PT 4 strain was also more virulent and invasive in adult laying hens than the Canadian PT 4 strain. The S. enteritidis PT 8 strain and one S. typhimurium strain isolated from a chicken hatchery were the most virulent for orally inoculated Balb/c mice. This strain of S. typhimurium contained the 60 megadalton plasmid associated with virulence for Balb/c mice which was not present in the S. typhimurium strain isolated from a pig with septicemic disease. 相似文献
19.
Baptista-Fernandes T Marques C Roos Rodrigues O Santos-Gomes GM 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2007,30(1):41-53
This study aims to characterize the intra-specific variability of virulence in Leishmania infantum zymodeme MON-1 strains isolated from dogs and immunocompetent and immunosuppressed patients through the evaluation of growth pattern, infective ability and immunopathogenicity. Two of the strains, classified as the most virulent, presented higher levels of macrophage infection, increased promastigote replication in culture medium and as well as amastigote multiplication within macrophages. These strains caused the most pathogenic infection inducing splenomegalia and maximum parasite loads in spleen and liver of BALB/c mice. The other strains exhibited either low virulence, with reduced infective capability and low replication levels, or an intermediate virulent phenotype showing mixed features similar to low and high virulent phenotypes. A correlation between the infectivity, growth dynamics and pathogenicity of each strain and the humoral and cellular immune response was demonstrated. Strains with accentuated virulent phenotype induced higher levels of anti-Leishmania IgG1 antibodies and TGF-beta but reduced production of IFN-gamma. Virulence phenotype seems to be a characteristic of each strain regardless of the host (dog or human) from which it was firstly isolated. 相似文献
20.
The relative virulence for chickens of five strains of Pasteurella multocida was evaluated. Twenty groups, each of ten chickens, were inoculated with a standard dose of 10(5) of each of five strains by the intramuscular (I.m.), intravenous (I.v.), intratracheal (I.tr.) or conjunctival (Co) routes. The highest mortality occurred in the groups dosed I.m. and I.v., followed by I.tr. inoculation. The relative virulence of each strain did not change when inoculated by the different routes. The most virulent strain, VP161, caused 100% mortality by all except the Co route. The least virulent strain, VP17, caused a single mortality by the I.v. route, but gave a high level of protection to birds inoculated by both the I.m. and I.v. routes, when challenged by intramuscular injection with (VP161). There was no protection against I.m. challenge in the birds inoculated by the I.tr. or Co routes. Serum antibody levels measured by ELISA correlated with the level of protection against virulent challenge for groups inoculated I.m. or I.v., but not I.tr. Western blots of pooled sera from each group did not show any specific antigen recognition that might explain the observed differences in protection. Inoculation with strain VP17, (both I.m. and I.tr.) also gave a high level of protection to birds challenged with strain VP161 by intratracheal instillation. 相似文献