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1.
枣ISSR扩增体系的建立 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
以冬枣DNA为研究对象,利用单因素试验,分析了Mg2+浓度、dNTP浓度、Taq酶含量、引物浓度、模板DNA含量以及退火温度对ISSR-PCR扩增的影响,经优化建立了枣属植物最适ISSR-PCR反应体系,25μL反应液中包含1×PCR Buffer、2.0 mmol/L Mg2+、0.25 mmol/L dNTP、1.5 UTaq酶、1.25μmol/L引物和50 ng模板,最适退火温度为58℃。PCR反应体系的建立为应用ISSR标记技术开展枣种群遗传变异分析和构建遗传图谱奠定基础。 相似文献
2.
花生SSR-PCR体系的优化 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
以花生品种丰花3号为材料,研究了花生SSR技术中PCR反应体系的主要成分对SSR 扩增效果的影响及不同引物的退火温度。结果表明dNTP 对扩增影响较大,每对引物都有其扩增适合的退火温度。确立了适合花生SSR 分子标记研究的优化体系。最终确定总反应体系为20 μl,其中25 mM MgCl2 1.5 μl,2.5 mM dNTP 1.6 μl,5 U/μl Taq 酶 0.17 μl,100 ng/μl模板DNA 0.4 μl,2.5 mM 引物 5 μl。优化后的扩增程序退火温度为54℃。 相似文献
3.
正交设计优化大豆SSR-PCR反应体系及引物筛选 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
以大豆(Glycine max L.)为材料,研究了PCR反应体系的主要成分对大豆SSR扩增结果的影响,并确定影响SSR扩增结果的各因素的最佳用量.以CTAB法提取的大豆叶片DNA为模板,应用L16(44)正交设计对影响大豆SSR-PCR的主要参数进行优化,建立适合大豆SSR-PCR反应的最佳体系.结果表明:各因素不同水平浓度对PCR反应结果均有显著影响.大豆SSR-PCR优化反应体系为:2.0 μL 10×PCR Buffer,30 ng模板DNA,150μmol/L dNTP,0.4 μmol/LSSR引物,1.5 U Taq DNA聚合酶,2.0 mmoL/L Mg2+,加ddH2O至终体积20.0μL.优化的PCR扩增程序为:94℃预变性5 min.94℃变性30 s,50℃退火1 min,72℃延伸1 min,共35个循环,72℃延伸5 min,4℃保存.同时选用200对大豆引物对2份材料进行扩增,筛选出条带清晰,多态性好的引物74对,用于大豆SSR标记的进一步研究. 相似文献
4.
对长豇豆SSR反应中模板、引物、dNTP和酶的浓度进行了正交设计分析,结果表明,引物浓度对长豇豆SSR扩增影响明显,其它3种成分浓度没有显著影响,基因组差异亦对反应没有明显影响。通过进一步引物浓度实验并结合成本考虑,确定长豇豆SSR反应成分的最佳浓度为:模板1 ng/L、引物1.6μmol/L、dNTP各100μM/L、Taq聚合酶0.5 U。文中还对长豇豆SSR引物浓度对扩增效率的影响进行了讨论。本研究为利用SSR分子标记分析长豇豆遗传关系奠定了基础。 相似文献
5.
以丝瓜基因组DNA为模板,对ISSR反应中主要5个影响因素Mg~(2+)浓度、dNTP浓度、TaqDNA聚合酶浓度、引物浓度和DNA模板浓度,建立丝瓜ISSR-PCR反应的体系。根据实验确定的最佳反应体系为:25μL ISSR体系:50 ng DNA,0.2 mmol/L dNTP,1 U Taq酶,0.4μmol/L的单条引物,2.5μL 10×Buffer,2.0 mmol/L Mg~(2+)。在此基础上,对12个引物的退火温度进行优化。最终选用60份丝瓜品种对所确定的扩增体系及扩增程序进行验证,检测结果表现为扩增产物条带清晰明亮、亮度高和重复性好,表明本试验所确定的反应体系及反应程序适用于丝瓜的ISSR分子标记为丝瓜种质资源的鉴定、分类和丝瓜的杂交育种提供参考依据。 相似文献
6.
以谷蠹为研究对象,采用L16（45）正交组合实验和单因素梯度实验对MgCl2、dNTP、随机引物、Taq酶、模板DNA浓度和退火温度、循环次数等影响RAPD扩增的重要因素进行优化,以期建立最优的RAPD反应体系与程序。实验结果表明：各因素最适条件为：25μL PCR反应体系中,10×Buffer 2.5μL,MgCl22.5 mmol/L,dNTP0.4 mmol/L,随机引物960 pmol/L,Taq酶0.5 U,模板DNA 20ng;退火温度为37℃,循环次数为45次。在对谷蠹进行RAPD分析时,采用优化的反应条件,规范实验操作,使用同厂家同批次的试剂,实验结果就会具有很好的重复性和稳定性。 相似文献
7.
8.
鸭茅SSR-PCR反应体系优化及引物筛选 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
应用L16(44)正交设计对影响鸭茅SSR-PCR的主要参数进行优化,建立适于鸭茅的SSR反应体系和扩增程序.在15μL体系中各反应的最适合含量为:50ng模板DNA,240μmol/L dNTP,0.4μmol/L SSR引物,1.0 U Taq DNA聚合酶,1.5μL 10×PCR Buffer,2.5mmol/L MgC12.PCR适宜扩增程序为:94℃预变性4min,94℃变性30 s,52℃复性30 s,72℃延伸1 min,共35个循环,72℃延伸10 min,4℃保存.并对引物最适合退火温度进行优化,最终确定引物退火温度为48～52℃.同时选用100对鸭茅引物对4份材料进行扩增,筛选出条带清晰,多态性好的引物30对.用于鸭茅SSR标记的进一步研究. 相似文献
9.
本研究旨在建立和优化橡胶草及其近缘种ISSR (Inter-simple sequence repeat)反应体系和扩增程序。以橡胶草及其近缘种叶片为供试材料,采用单因素试验方法,正交试验方法 L16(44)和极差分析方法,对橡胶草ISSR-PCR反应中4个主要影响因素(dNTP浓度, DNA浓度,引物浓度和Taq DNA聚合酶浓度)进行优化,并在最优反应体系的基础上进行引物和退火温度的筛选。结果表明:dNTP和DNA对PCR扩增结果有较为显著的影响,引物和Taq酶的浓度变化对扩增结果无显著影响。最后确定橡胶草及其近缘种ISSR-PCR反应体系(20.0μL)为:双蒸水14.2μL,10×Buffer (含Mg2+) 2.0μL,DNA模板50.0 ng,10 mmol/L引物1.2μL,2.5 mmol/L dNTP 1.6μL,5 U Taq DNA聚合酶0.1μL。PCR扩增程序为:94℃5 min,94℃45 s,退火1 min,72℃70 s,45个循环,72℃10 min,4℃保存。本研究为橡胶草及其近缘种的遗传多样性和交配系统等后续研究提供理论参考。 相似文献
10.
以长白山地区及韩国等9个采样点采集的软枣猕猴桃新鲜幼叶为试材,进行RAPD分子标记反应扩增体系的优化。对实验结果影响较大的5个因素(模板DNA浓度,引物浓度, MgCl_2浓度, dNTP浓度, Taq DNA聚合酶浓度)进行单因素设计,以寻找最佳反应浓度。结果表明,总反应体积为20μL时,模板DNA 40 ng、引物浓度0.3μmol/L、MgCl_2浓度2.0 mmol/L、dNTP浓度250μmol/L、Taq DNA聚合酶2.0 U。此时扩增条带多、电泳结果清晰稳定,表明该体系是一个适合软枣猕猴桃RAPD分子标记反应的体系。该体系的建立有利于软枣猕猴桃的亲缘关系和遗传多样性分析。 相似文献
11.
Biological Activity and Quantification of Suspected Allelochemicals from Alfalfa Plant Parts 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Autotoxicity restricts reseeding of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) after alfalfa until autotoxic chemical(s) breaks down or is dispersed into external environments. A series of aqueous extracts from leaves, stems, roots and seeds of alfalfa ‘Vernal’ were bioassayed against alfalfa seedlings of the same cultivar to determine their autotoxicity. The highest inhibition was found in the extracts from the leaves. Extracts at 40 g dry tissue l?1 from alfalfa leaves were 15.4, 17.5 and 28.7 times more toxic to alfalfa root growth than were those from roots, stems and seeds, respectively. A high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis with nine standard compounds showed that the concentrations and compositions of allelopathic compounds depended on the plant parts. In leaf extracts that showed the most inhibitory effect on root growth, the highest amounts of allelochemicals were detected. Among nine phenolic compounds assayed for their phytotoxicity on root growth of alfalfa, coumarin, trans‐cinnamic acid and o‐coumaric acid at 10?3 m were most inhibitory. The type and amount of causative allelochemicals found in alfalfa plant parts were highly correlated with the results of the bioassay, indicating that the autotoxic effects of alfalfa plant parts significantly differed. 相似文献
12.
C. J. Spurr D. A. Fulton P. H. Brown R. J. Clark 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2002,188(4):275-280
Development of onion (Allium cepa L., cv. ‘Early Cream Gold’) seed under cool climate conditions in Tasmania, Australia occurred over a longer duration than previously reported, but similar patterns of change in yield components were recorded. In contrast to previous studies, umbel moisture content declined from 85 to 67 % over 57 days while seed moisture content decreased from 85 to 31 %. Seed yield continued to increase over the duration of crop development, with increasing seed weight compensating for seed loss resulting from capsule dehiscence in the later stages of maturation. Germination percentage was high and did not vary significantly from 53 to 77 days after full bloom (DAF), but mean germination time declined and uniformity of germination increased significantly over the same time period. The percentage abnormal seedlings declined with later harvest date, resulting in highest seed quality at 77 DAF. The results of this study suggest that the decision to harvest cool climate onion seed crops before capsule dehiscence will result in a loss of potential seed yield and quality. 相似文献
13.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
14.
Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
15.
Chunli TANG Fengxian ZHAO Hongxia CHEN Jiabao MA Jiangcun WEI Meiyan QIU Zhen XIE 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):60-65
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination... 相似文献
16.
D. A. Bond G. J. Jellis G. G. Rowland J. Le Guen L. D. Robertson S. A. Khalil L. Li-Juan 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):151-166
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses. 相似文献
17.
Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed. 相似文献
18.
[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and ortho... 相似文献
19.
E. Keep 《Euphytica》1986,35(3):843-855
Summary Cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) is described in the F1 hybrids Ribes × carrierei (R. glutinosum albidum × R. nigrum) and R. sanguineum × R. nigrum. In backcrosses to R. nigrum, progenies with R. glutinosum cytoplasm were either all male sterile, or segregated for full male fertility (F) and complete (S) and partial (I) male sterility. Ratios of F:I+S suggested that two linked genes controlled cms, F plants being dominant for one (Rf
1) and recessive for the other (Rf
2).Segregation for cms in relation to three linded genes, Ce (resistance to the gall mite, Cecidophyopsis ribes), Sph
3(resistance to American gooseberry mildew, Sphaerotheca mors-uvae) and Lf
1(one of two dominant additive genes controlling early season leafing out) indicated that Rf
1and Rf
2were in this linkage group. The gene order and approximate crossover values appeared to be: % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqef0uAJj3BZ9Mz0bYu% H52CGmvzYLMzaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqr1ngBPrgifHhDYfgasa% acOqpw0xe9v8qqaqFD0xXdHaVhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8Wq% Ffea0-yr0RYxir-Jbba9q8aq0-yq-He9q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dme% aabaqaciGacaGaamqadaabaeaafaaakeaacaWGdbGaamyzamaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGWaGaaiOlaiaacgdacaGG0aGaaiiiaiaacc% caaaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaamOuaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaaccdacaGGUaGaaiOmaiaacs% dacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaaaacaWGsbGaamOzaSGa% aGOmaOWaaWaaaeaacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccaaaGaamitaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaaaaiaadofacaWGWbGaamiAaSGa% aG4maaaa!6E4D!\[Ce\underline { 0.14 } Rf1\underline { 0.24 } Rf2\underline { } Lf1\underline { } Sph3\]. Crossover values of 0.36 for Ce-Lf
1, and 0.15 for Lf
1-Sph
3were estimated from the relative mean differences in season of leafing out between seedlings dominant and recessive for Ce and Sph
3.It is suggested that competitive disadvantage of lf
1-carrying gametes and/or zygotes at low temperatures may be implicated in the almost invariable deficit of plants dominant for the closely linked mildew resistance allele Sph
3. Poor performance of lf
1- (and possibly lf
2-) carrying gametes and young zygotes during periods of low temperature at flowering might also account for the liability of some late season cultivars and selections to premature fruit drop (running off). 相似文献
20.
Parasitic angiosperms cause great losses in many important crops under different climatic conditions and soil types. The most widespread and important parasitic angiosperms belong to the genera Orobanche, Striga, and Cuscuta. The most important economical hosts belong to the Poaceae, Asteraceae, Solanaceae, Cucurbitaceae, and Fabaceae. Although some resistant cultivars have been identified in several crops, great gaps exist in our knowledge of the parasites and the genetic basis of the resistance, as well as the availability of in vitro screening techniques. Screening techniques are based on reactions of the host root or foliage. In vitro or greenhouse screening methods based on the reaction of root and/or foliar tissues are usually superior to field screenings and can be used with many species. To utilize them in plant breeding, it is necessary to demonstrate a strong correlation between in vitro and field data. The correlation should be calculated for every environment in which selection is practiced. Using biochemical analysis as a screening technique has had limited success. The reason seems to be the complex host-parasite interactions which lead to germination, rhizotropism, infection, and growth of the parasite. Germination results from chemicals produced by the host. Resistance is only available in a small group of crops. Resistance has been found in cultivated, primitive and wild forms, depending on the specific host-parasite system. An additional problem is the existence of pathotypes in the parasites. Inheritance of host resistance is usually polygenic and its transfer is slow and tedious. Molecular techniques have yet to be used to locate resistance to parasitic angiosperms. While intensifying the search for genes that control resistance to specific parasitic angiosperms, the best strategy to screen for resistance is to improve the already existing in vitro or greenhouse screening techniques. 相似文献