共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 218 毫秒
1.
检测人和动物体内抗狂犬病毒抗体水平主要有以下五个方面作用：①确定人和动物暴露前的抗体水平、预防免疫效果和动物的免疫水平及免疫覆盖率。②检测暴露后进行免疫治疗的人体内的中和抗体水平,以确定暴露后治疗效果。③通过测定狂犬病疑似患者或患畜早期和晚期双份血清中和抗体水平的差异（如抗体水平增高4倍以上）,作为狂犬病确诊的依据之一。④通过测定野生动物狂犬病中和抗体的水平,了解狂犬病在动物种群中隐性感染的情况。 相似文献
2.
在狂犬病流行期,对狂犬病流行区与非流行区“健康”家犬血清狂犬病毒抗体进行了检测,结果流行区“健康”家犬血清抗体阳性率15.79%,其一岁龄以下犬阳性率26.17%;非流行区抗体阳性率1.46%,一岁龄以下犬阳性率2.04%,两区“健康”家犬及一岁龄以下犬抗体阳性率均具有高度显著性差异,P<0.001,这一结果,有助于狂犬病防制理论和应用的研究,发现和掌握新的流行病学特点,对处理疫点、暴露后预防、控制狂犬病流行,具有重要的指导意义。 相似文献
3.
6月27日,湖北省疾病预防控制中心研制成功国内唯一的动物诊断用狂犬病抗体检测试剂盒,填补了国内这一领域的空白。我国是狂犬病的高发国家,95%的狂犬病都是由与人类密切接触的犬传播的。目前预防狂犬病发生的关键措施是对犬等动物接种狂犬病疫苗。但接种了狂犬病疫苗的犬等动物是否成功产生了抗体?此前国内尚无任何试剂能够检测出来。此次研制出的动物诊断用狂犬病抗体检测试剂盒,可以在2h内通过两种检测方法对包括犬在内的各种动物进行狂犬病抗体检测,确定其免疫效果,具有时间短、准确度高、经济实用等诸多优点。今后,人们一旦被宠物咬伤抓… 相似文献
4.
河南平顶山某猪场母猪出现较严重的流产和产死胎现象,且50日龄~70日龄仔猪出现神经症状,根据临床表现初步诊断为伪狂犬病。为排除猪繁殖与呼吸综合征和猪瘟,进行了实验室诊断。应用ELISA方法检测发病保育猪及母猪血清的伪狂犬病病毒野毒株gE抗体,并对发病仔猪病料进行了伪狂犬病病毒(PRV)、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)和猪瘟病毒(CSFV)的实时荧光定量PCR检测。结果显示,伪狂犬病病毒野毒抗体阳性,实时荧光定量PCR检测确定仔猪病料中PRV核酸阳性,PRRSV和CSFV核酸阴性。结合临床症状及实验室检测,确诊该猪场发生的是猪伪狂犬病。 相似文献
5.
为了解猪场常见传染病的血清免疫效果并采取防控措施。试验采用间接ELISA（酶联免疫吸附试验）对某猪场不同阶段猪血清中免疫抗体进行检测分析。结果表明,不同阶段猪群猪瘟抗体阳性率均不低于80.00%,5周龄保育猪抗体平均值最低仅为59.4;公猪、母猪及部分仔猪、肥育猪存在猪繁殖与呼吸综合征抗体S/P>2.5的现象,公猪S/P>2.5的比例为20.00%且抗体值离散度为0.66;7周龄保育猪、16周龄肥育猪伪狂犬病gB抗体阳性率仅为80.00%和20.00%;7周龄、16周龄猪群伪狂犬病gE抗体显示为阴性,妊娠30～70 d母猪伪狂犬病gE抗体阳性率为60.00%,公猪伪狂犬病gE抗体阳性率为20.00%。试验结果说明,该猪场猪瘟免疫需要进一步加强,猪繁殖与呼吸综合征已经处于不稳定状态初期阶段,且存在伪狂犬病野毒感染的现象。猪场需要及时结合实验室诊断及临床诊断进行确诊并采取防范措施。 相似文献
6.
狂犬病荧光抗体病毒中和试验(FAVN)为细胞水平的病毒中和试验,检测的敏感性、特异性和重复性均较好,是世界动物卫生组织(OIE)推荐进行动物狂犬病中和抗体定量检测的标准方法而广泛应用。本单位严格依照《OIE陆生动物检测与免疫手册》狂犬病章节的2.1.13.2.a,建立了动物狂犬病荧光抗体病毒中和试验(FAVN)方法,内部稳定运行后,又依据相关要求,先后3次与长春兽医研究所OIE狂犬病参考实验室进行平行比对,符合率100%,重复性良好。并以此获得广东省质量技术监督局实验室资质认定证书(CMA),FAVN方法正式纳入本单位的CMA资质检测项目,可面向社会出具相应资质检测报告,为狂犬病综合防控,临床检测等提供帮助和服务。 相似文献
7.
对一起伪狂犬病病毒引起仔猪腹泻的病例进行了实验室诊断与分析.结果表明,PRV检测样品中出现270 bp条带,PEDV、TGEV、CSFV、PRRSV和PCV-2检测样品中均未出现目的大小DNA片段,结果均为阴性;细菌性病原检测结果均未见有细菌生长;母猪群gE抗体检测,其中有33份血清检测为PRV gE抗体阳性,阳性率达91.7％. 相似文献
8.
《国外畜牧学(猪与禽)》2021,(5)
为了解猪伪狂犬病在规模化猪场的净化效果,采用ELISA对规模化猪场血清检测样品中猪伪狂犬病病毒gE抗体的水平进行判定。结果显示:净化前,3个规模化猪场共检测34份血清样品,其中猪伪狂犬病病毒g E抗体阳性3份,抗体阳性率达8.8%。采取净化措施后,3个猪场共检测34份血清样品,未检出猪伪狂犬病病毒gE阳性抗体,净化措施取得明显的效果。 相似文献
9.
目的:分析我市2007-2009年人间狂犬病流行特征和流行相关因素,探讨目前防制过程中存在的问题,提出狂犬病的防制对策。方法:对全市近三年来人间狂犬病病例个案资料和流行病学调查结果进行统计分析,同时采集疫点扑杀犬或疫情活跃县(区)市售犬脑组织及部分原疫点屯犬唾液进行病原检测,并采集未佩带有免疫标识屠宰犬血清进行狂犬病抗体检测。结果:我市人间狂犬病病例分布以农村为主,是犬饲养量大、免疫率低、部门间信息沟通不及时以及人间暴露后末进行疫苗接种等是我市人间狂犬病流行的主要原因。结论:搞好动物狂犬病的防治是防控该病的核心工作。 相似文献
10.
通过对广东省部分城市宠物犬和猫狂犬病病毒中和抗体效价现状进行调查分析，探讨其风险点及改善点，为狂犬病的防控及公共卫生安全提供参考。调查于2020-2021年期间在广东省佛山市、深圳市、东莞市、云浮市、江门市等地城区采集宠物犬、猫血清735份，并对相关个体信息进行收集，采用荧光抗体病毒中和试验(FAVN)对所有血清样本进行了狂犬病中和抗体效价的测定和分析。结果显示，所有样本狂犬病抗体保护水平阳性率为46.9%,低于世界卫生组织推荐的70%保护水平阳性率；深圳市血清样本抗体保护水平阳性率为55.4%,为采样城市中保护水平阳性率最高；家养猫的保护水平阳性率比家养犬的阳性率低15.5%;犬养殖场样本阳性率比家庭饲养犬样本阳性率低20.8%;流浪动物的保护水平阳性率仅有8.1%。说明广东省部分城市犬、猫狂犬病免疫阳性率偏低，尚无法形成抵御狂犬病侵袭的有效屏障，需在流浪动物管理、猫饲养管理、犬猫饲养场管理等几个方面加强狂犬病的预防管制措施，加强政策引导工作，以提升狂犬病的综合防控能力。 相似文献
11.
狂犬病病毒流行病学特征与实验室诊断技术的研究进展 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
狂犬病是由狂犬病病毒引起的以中枢神经系统感染为特征的一种人兽共患病。狂犬病病毒具有嗜神经性,能在人和多种哺乳动物中引起致死性感染,病死率几乎为100%。除常规的临床诊断外,狂犬病的确诊依赖于实验室诊断方法,方法主要有病原学诊断、血清学诊断和分子生物学诊断方法等。狂犬病作为一种人兽共患烈性传染病,呈全球分布的态势,中国每年因狂犬病病毒感染而导致死亡的人数居全球第2位。因此,加强对该病的病原学、流行病学特征的认识、加快实验室诊断方法的研究对其综合防控工作具有十分重要的意义。作者主要介绍了目前国内外狂犬病流行病学特征和诊断方法的研究进展,并比较了各种方法的优点和缺点,为狂犬病的临床快速诊断和深入研究提供科学依据。 相似文献
12.
Woldehiwet Z 《Research in veterinary science》2002,73(1):17-25
Rabies remains as one of the most feared zoonotic diseases in the world. All warm-blooded animals are susceptible to infection by the virus, but the main vectors of human infection are dogs and cats. The control of rabies largely depends on the prevention of infection of dogs and cats by vaccination in endemic areas and the control of their movement, including measures of quarantine and vaccination, in rabies-free countries. This paper provides an overview on recent developments in rabies, with particular emphasis on the epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and control. 相似文献
13.
D. Lupulovic J. Maksimovic Zoric N. Vaskovic D. Bugarski B. Plavsic N. Ivanovic T. Petrovic I. Pusic D. Marcic Z. Grgic S. Lazic 《Zoonoses and public health》2015,62(8):625-636
Rabies is one of the oldest known zoonotic diseases that has significant impact on public health, but still remains neglected in Serbia. Rabies virus can infect humans and other mammals and causes inflammation of the brain associated with encephalomyelitis and neurological symptoms. In 2010, Veterinary Directorate (national Competent Authority for animal health in Serbia) has started multi‐annual project of oral rabies vaccination of foxes and other wild carnivores (e.g. jackals), as support of long‐term programme of eradication of rabies in Serbia, co‐funded by EU (financed by Instrument for Pre‐Accession Assistance). Monitoring of the effectiveness of oral vaccination campaigns has been carried out in continuation from 2011 and was based on: (i) post‐mortem laboratory examination of brain tissue of target animals (foxes, jackals and other carnivores) by fluorescent antibody test (FAT), (ii) detection of antibodies against rabies virus in serum samples by ELISA and (iii) detection of tetracycline biomarker in the mandibles for the evaluation of vaccine bait uptake. From September 2011 to May 2014, the total number of 4943 brain tissue samples, 4241 sera and 4971 mandibles were analysed. Confirmed rabies‐positive brains decreased from 10 in 2011/2012 to 6 in 2012/2013 and eventually to 1 positive case in 2013/2014. The seroconversion rate increased from 10.48% (133/1269) in 2011/2012 to 20.11% (362/1800) in 2012/2013 and 42.23% (495/1172) in 2013/2014. Along with the seroconversion, the number of detected tetracycline‐positive mandibles demonstrated an increasing tendency in the same period, being 49.67% (682/1373) in 2011/2012, 62.60% (1294/2067) in 2012/2013 and 90.33% (1383/1531) in the monitoring programme carried out in 2013/2014. Presented results confirmed that ORV of foxes and other wildlife in Serbia against rabies was successful and characterized by steady increase of vaccine baits uptake and immunization of animals. 相似文献
14.
Impact of Rabies Vaccination History on Attainment of an Adequate Antibody Titre Among Dogs Tested for International Travel Certification,Israel – 2010–2014 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 B. Yakobson N. Taylor N. Dveres S. Rotblat Ż. Spero E. W. Lankau J. Maki 《Zoonoses and public health》2017,64(4):281-289
Rabies is endemic in wildlife or domestic carnivore populations globally. Infection of domestic dogs is of particular concern in many areas. In regions where domestic animals are at risk of exposure to rabies virus, dogs should be routinely vaccinated against rabies to protect both pet and human populations. Many countries require demonstration of an adequate level of serum rabies neutralizing antibodies to permit entry of dogs during international travel. We analysed rabies titres of dogs seeking travel certification in Israel to assess demographic and vaccine history factors associated with antibody titres below the acceptable threshold for travel certification. Having received only one previous rabies vaccination and a longer duration since the most recent vaccination was received were primary risk factors for not achieving an adequate rabies virus neutralizing antibody titre for travel certification. These risk factors had stronger effects in younger animals, but were consistent for dogs of all ages. In particular, these findings reiterate the importance of administering at least two rabies vaccinations (the primo vaccination and subsequent booster) to ensure population‐level protection against rabies in dogs globally. 相似文献
15.
16.
Tadeusz Frymus Diane Addie Sándor Belák Corine Boucraut-Baralon Herman Egberink Tim Gruffydd-Jones Katrin Hartmann Margaret J. Hosie Albert Lloret Hans Lutz Fulvio Marsilio Maria Grazia Pennisi Alan D. Radford Etienne Thiry Uwe Truyen Marian C. Horzinek 《Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery》2009,11(7):585-593
OverviewRabies virus belongs to the genus Lyssavirus, together with European bat lyssaviruses 1 and 2. In clinical practice, rabies virus is easily inactivated by detergent-based disinfectants.InfectionRabid animals are the only source of infection. Virus is shed in the saliva some days before the onset of clinical signs and transmitted through a bite or a scratch to the skin or mucous membranes. The average incubation period in cats is 2 months, but may vary from 2 weeks to several months, or even years.Disease signsAny unexplained aggressive behaviour or sudden behavioural change in cats must be considered suspicious. Two disease manifestations have been identified in cats: the furious and the dumb form. Death occurs after a clinical course of 1–10 days.DiagnosisA definitive rabies diagnosis is obtained by post-mortem laboratory investigation. However, serological tests are used for post-vaccinal control, especially in the context of international movements.Disease managementPost-exposure vaccination of cats depends on the national public health regulations, and is forbidden in many countries.Vaccination recommendationsA single rabies vaccination induces a long-lasting immunity. Kittens should be vaccinated at 12–16 weeks of age to avoid interference from maternally derived antibodies and revaccinated 1 year later. Although some vaccines protect against virulent rabies virus challenge for 3 years or more, national or local legislation may call for annual boosters. 相似文献
17.
18.
以灭活的狂犬病病毒CVS株细胞毒免疫BALB/c小鼠,通过间接ELISA法和Western-blot筛选获得针对磷蛋白的单克隆抗体4株：1C9、4B10、2G12、4G5,其中1C9针对氨基端保守表位。以亲和层析法纯化1C9单抗腹水,异硫氰酸荧光黄标记制备荧光抗体。以1C9磷蛋白荧光抗体与本实验室研制的狂犬病核蛋白免疫荧光抗原检测试剂盒,对本实验室收集的501份疑似狂犬病鼬獾、蝙蝠、犬和黄鼬的脑组织样品进行直接免疫荧光平行检测。结果显示,两种检测手段对基因1型狂犬病毒的检出结果完全一致,而蝙蝠源Irkut病毒仅能以磷蛋白单抗1C9检出。本研究成功获得了与我国现有不同基因型狂犬病毒良好反应的抗狂犬病磷蛋白单抗,并应用于狂犬病的直接免疫荧光检测,为狂犬病诊断提供了敏感性和可靠性良好的诊断试剂。 相似文献
19.
Experimentally induced rabies in four cats inoculated with a rabies virus isolated from a bat 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Four cats were inoculated IM with rabies virus isolated from the salivary gland of a naturally infected big brown bat (Eptesicus fuscus). The 4 cats developed clinical signs of rabies after a median incubation period of 42 days. The median duration of clinical illness was 5 days. Results of fluorescent antibody evaluation, mouse inoculation, and tissue culture isolation indicated large differences in virus concentrations in various areas of the CNS of individual cats. These differences also were observed between cats. Rabies virus was isolated from the salivary glands and saliva of 2 cats; urinary bladder was the only other nonneural tissue found infected. Our observations indicated that cat rabies can be caused by bat rabies virus; that cats thus infected have infectious saliva during aggressive behavior and can therefore transmit the disease; and that adequate specimens of hippocampus, cerebellum, and brain stem are essential for reliable determination of rabies infection. The findings support recommendations for regular rabies vaccination of cats, even in areas of rabies-free terrestrial mammals. 相似文献