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动物红细胞免疫功能的研究 总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15
本文应用免疫花环试验测定了黑白花奶牛、水牛、鸡、鸭、小灵猫以及鸡传染性法氏囊病、马立克氏病和霍乱病红细胞上C_3b受体与免疫复合物的变化。检测了它们在红细胞上形成的花环。结果表明,动物因种属不同,红细胞上C_3b受体的数量有着极明显的差异,以鸭为最多,黑白花奶牛最少。动物患病后,红细胞上的C_3b受体可明显地减少。鸡传染性法氏囊病、霍乱病和马立克氏病皆非常明显地低于健康鸡。而红细胞上的免疫复合物,各种动物虽有差异,但差异不显著。患病鸡略低于健康鸡。 相似文献
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转基因动物的生物反应器 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文介绍了啮齿类，反刍类，猪，鸡等各种动物的转基因生物反应器，动物血液，器官等不同组织／器官的生物反应器，生物反应器的途以及启动子，增强子，内含子，ＭＡＲｓ，ＬＣＲ反式作用因子等调控元件的作用，并对生物反应器存在的问题，应用前景及我国目前的研究现状作了探讨。 相似文献
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应用酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)技术对闽南地区食源性动物的鸡、鸭、猪肝脏和肌肉组织以及国外进口猪肌肉组织中的黄曲霉毒素B_1(AFB_1)残留量进行抽样检测。结果显示猪肉猪肝黄曲霉毒素B_1检出率100%,鸡肝65%、鸭肝75%,但都末超过限量标率;猪肝中AFB_1含量最高,显著高于猪肌肉和鸡、鸭肝中AFB_1含量(P0.01);而鸡、鸭肝中的AFB1含量无显著性差异(P0.05);此外,国外进口猪肉中AFB1虽未超标,但也存在AFB_1污染问题。调查结果表明,食源性动物组织中黄曲霉毒素B1残留问题普遍存在。 相似文献
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1999年4月在荣县的观山乡。五宝镇和贡井、大安的两个养殖场采集牛、猪、羊、犬、鸡、鸭、鹅、兔八种动物粪便1555头（只）份,实验室用漂浮法、沉淀法检出被感染的动物有581头只,总感染率为37．36％。检出的寄生虫有线虫、球虫、吸虫、螨虫、绦虫、棘头虫等6类虫种。其中牛主要有肝片吸虫、前后盘吸虫;猪有球虫、线虫;羊有线虫、球虫、吸虫;犬有线虫、螨虫;鸡有线虫、螨虫;鸭有球虫、线虫;鹅有球虫、线虫;兔有球虫、线虫等。经过调查基本摸清了这两个乡镇和养殖场危害动物的主要寄生虫,为全市防制寄生虫工作提供了科学依据。1材料… 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献