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为了解猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus,PRRSV)强、弱毒株在PAM细胞上的增殖特性,本研究在体外分离培养了健康猪肺泡巨噬细胞(porcine alveolar macrophages,PAM),然后分别用高致病性PRRSV强毒HuN4株和弱毒疫苗HuN4-F112株感染PAM细胞,细胞病变观察和间接免疫荧光检测结果显示,二者在体外均可以感染PAM细胞,其中强毒HuN4株感染PAM细胞CPE较为明显。在两个毒株感染PAM细胞后12、24、36、48、60h分别收获病毒感染的细胞,利用抗PRRSV N蛋白单抗进行Western blot分析检测病毒核蛋白在不同时间表达量的变化,结果表明,强毒株在感染PAM细胞的早期,N蛋白合成表达量明显高于弱毒疫苗株,而弱毒疫苗株在感染Macr-145细胞早期,N蛋白的合成量则明显优于强毒株。比较HuN4株与HuN4-F112株在PAM细胞和Marc-145细胞的生长曲线,结果显示强、弱毒在PAM细胞和Marc-145细胞生长趋势存在明显差异,其中强毒HuN4株在PAM细胞上增殖能力明显强于弱毒株,而弱毒HuN4-F112株在Marc-145细胞上的增殖能力明显强于其在PAM细胞上的增殖能力,表明PRRSV强毒株对靶细胞PAM的感染能力较强,弱毒疫苗株对其感染能力相对较弱。本研究为深入了解PRRSV强毒株与弱毒疫苗株的致病性差异提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒不同毒株感染对猪外周血免疫细胞含量的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)变异株HN07-01和经典美洲株BJ-4人工感染2月龄仔猪,通过观察发病情况、检测外周血免疫细胞和PRRSV特异血清抗体水平,研究了不同毒株PRRSV的致病特性.结果表明:PRRSV变异株感染后能够引起高热症状;变异株HN07-01株感染后引起的外周血各类免疫细胞下降速度和下降程度显著高于BJ-4株.提示PRRSV变异株引起机体的免疫抑制明显强于BJ-4株;PRRSV特异血清抗体结果表明:变异株和BJ-4株均能快速诱导机体产生抗体. 相似文献
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为了研究高致病性PRRSVNSP1蛋白的免疫作用,本研究将高致病性PRRSVNSP1重组腺病毒（rAd—NSP1）接种体外培养的猪肺泡细胞（PAM）,用实时荧光定量PCR和ELISA方法分别检测IFN-γ和IL-10水平,结果为rAd—NSP1接种PAM细胞72h后可显著降低细胞上清中IFN-γ的水平,而IL-10的含量显著提高。将rAd—NSP1接种无PRRSV感染的30日龄商品仔猪,分别检测其外周血液淋巴细胞增殖作用和IFN-γ与IL-10的水平,结果显示,NSP1可显著减低淋巴细胞增殖和IFN-7的表达,同时诱导产生较强的IL-10反应。采用无PRRSV感染的30日龄商品仔猪免疫猪瘟疫苗后1周接种rAd—NSP1,结果猪瘟抗体的水平明显低于wtAd组（P〈0．05）,证明高致病性PRRSVNSP1蛋白具有免疫抑制作用。 相似文献
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Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) has been endemic in Taiwan since 1991. This study aimed to present a highly virulent PRRSV in Taiwan based on farm data collection and both in vitro and in vivo evaluations in virus challenge studies. This virulent PRRSV strain was first noticed on Farm TSYM due to continuously high nursery mortality rate and severe PRRSV-associated pneumonia. In phylogenetic surveillance, the PRRSV TSYM-strain remained in the predominant position for years, even with several other PRRSV strain invasions. In laboratory challenge trials, the TSYM-strain led to prolonged pyrexia, growth retardation, high mortality rates and high viremia titer that similar to the highly pathogenic PRRSV. The TSYM-strain isolate also triggered early interleukin-10 up-regulation and significantly higher infection rates under in vitro experiments. This study provides information of a comparably virulent strain in Taiwan and its appearance in both farm and laboratory levels. 相似文献
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Sinha A Lin K Hemann M Shen H Beach NM Ledesma C Meng XJ Wang C Halbur PG Opriessnig T 《Veterinary microbiology》2012,158(1-2):95-103
The objective of this study was to investigate cytokine expression and in vitro replication of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in pulmonary alveolar macrophages (PAMs) emphasizing PCV2 open-reading frame (ORF) origin (PCV2a or PCV2b) and PRRSV strain. Chimeric PCV2 viruses composed of different combinations of ORF1 and ORF2 of PCV2a or PCV2b (chimera PCV2a-2b and chimera PCV2b-2a) were constructed and five different PRRSV isolates were utilized: Type 1 (SD 01-08) or type 2 (NC16845b, VR-2332, MN-184, JA-142). PAMs were infected singularly or with combinations of PCV2b, PCV2a, chimera PCV2a-2b, and chimera PCV2b-2a, and one of the five PRRSV isolates. Real-time PCR was used to test PAMs (PCV2 mRNA) and supernatants (PRRSV RNA, PCV2 DNA, PCV2 mRNA) harvested at 24, 48, 72 and 96h post inoculation (hpi). Levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-10 were determined by quantitative ELISAs. PCV2 replication in PAMs was limited to groups inoculated with PCV2 strains containing ORF1 of PCV2a (PCV2a, chimera PCV2a-2b). Furthermore, in supernatants, PCV2 mRNA was only detected in groups coinfected with PRRSV regardless of strain at 48hpi supporting an enhancing effect of PRRSV on PCV2 infection. Changes in cytokine levels were minimal and associated with PRRSV strain for TNF-α. In summary, in vitro differences in PCV2 replication in PAMs inoculated with different PCV2-PRRSV combinations were independent of PCV2 ORF2 origin with minimal effects of concurrent PRRSV infection perhaps indicating that PCV2-specific changes in ORF1 may be more important than those in ORF2. 相似文献
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猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome,PRRS)是危害养猪业发展的重要传染病之一。2006年我国首次爆发高致病性PRRS(highly-pathogenicPRRS,HP-PRRS),与经典的PRRS相比,HP-PRRS发病率和死亡率均显著升高。目前,对高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(highly-pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus,HP-PRRSV)引起的高发病率和高死亡率的机制仍不清楚。本研究利用1MOI的EGFP标记的HP-PRRSV毒株HuN4(rHuN4-EGFP)和其体外传代致弱毒株HuN4-F112(rHuN4-F112-EGFP)分别感染肺泡巨噬细胞(pulmonaryalveolarmacrophage,PAM),24h后通过流式细胞术,从FITC通道收集被PRRSV强弱毒感染的PAM,提取膜蛋白进行Shotgun质谱分析。试验最终获得82个在强弱毒感染PAM过程中存在差异表达的膜蛋白。感染rHuN4-EGFP的样品与未感染样品相比,有72个蛋白特异表达;感染rHuN4-F112-EGFP的样品与未感染样品相比,有12个蛋白特异表达。通过GO分析发现,这些蛋白主要参与代谢、生物调节与细胞加工过程,大多数蛋白具有结合、催化活性。进一步在MARC-145细胞上过表达部分差异膜蛋白,发现其中前蛋白转化酶枯草杆菌蛋白酶9(proprotein coverteases subtilism/kexin 9,PCSK9)能明显抑制PRRSV强毒株和弱毒株的复制,Clusterin、Apoliprotein C-II能促进PRRSV强毒株复制。本研究表明利用Shotgun质谱技术鉴定出的差异表达膜蛋白对PRRSV复制有影响,深入分析PRRSV感染后差异表达的膜蛋白变化将有利于进一步明确其致病机制。 相似文献
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高致病性PRRSV变异株与经典株混合感染的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
应用RT-PCR技术对来自广东省某猪场患有明显呼吸道临床症状和高热死亡的仔猪肺脏组织进行检测,结果初步鉴定为PRRSV高致病性变异株(YGhp株)与经典株(YGcl株)混合感染.进一步对2个毒株的NSP2基因进行序列分析,结果发现YGhp株与VR-2332、JXA1和Lelystad株的核苷酸同源性分别为75.1%、99%和35%,而YGcl株与上述毒株的同源性分别为99%、77.7%和34.5%,表明YGhp株为高致病性变异株,YGcl株为经典株,均属美洲型. 高致病性PRRSV变异株与经典株混合感染属非常罕见. 相似文献
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为了解广西地区的猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)的遗传变异及流行情况,本实验室从广西某发病猪场采集到的猪肺脏组织中检测到1株PRRSV,命名为GXNN1839,并对该毒株进行病毒的分离鉴定、GP5和Nsp2的测序分析。结果显示:该毒株可在PAM细胞上分离增殖,有明显的细胞病变,通过IFA试验可以检测到细胞内PRRSV N蛋白的表达;对分离株的GP5基因测序和遗传演化分析显示,该毒株为美洲型PRRSV,且与美国病毒株NADC30在同一分支上,同源性分析表明,GXNN1839与北美病毒株NADC30的同源性最高,为93.1%,与我国分离的NADC30-like病毒株CHsx1401的同源性为91.7%,与VR-2332、CH-1a的同源性分别是87%、86.7%,与高致病性病毒株JXA1的同源性为86.7%,与欧洲株Lelystad-virus(LV)同源性为62.0%;Nsp2氨基酸序列对比显示,该毒株具有和北美毒株NADC30相同的131个氨基酸的不连续缺失(111+1+19)。该毒株的分离为下一步研究PRRSV NADC30-like病毒株致病性和了解广西地区的PRRSV的遗传变异及防控措施提供了借鉴意义。 相似文献
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This paper reviews in vivo studies on the interaction between porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and LPS performed in the authors' laboratory. The main aim was to develop a reproducible model to study the pathogenesis of PRRSV-induced multifactorial respiratory disease. The central hypothesis was that respiratory disease results from an overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines in the lungs. In a first series of studies, PRRSV was shown to be a poor inducer of TNF-alpha and IFN-alpha in the lungs, whereas IL-1 and the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 were produced consistently during infection. We then set up a dual inoculation model in which pigs were inoculated intratracheally with PRRSV and 3-14 days later with LPS. PRRSV-infected pigs developed acute respiratory signs for 12-24h upon intratracheal LPS inoculation, in contrast to pigs inoculated with PRRSV or LPS only. Moreover, peak TNF-alpha, IL-1 and IL-6 titers were 10-100 times higher in PRRSV-LPS inoculated pigs than in the singly inoculated pigs and the cytokine overproduction was associated with disease. To further prove the role of proinflammatory cytokines, we studied the effect of pentoxifylline, a known inhibitor of TNF-alpha and IL-1, on PRRSV-LPS induced cytokine production and disease. The clinical effects of two non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), meloxicam and flunixin meglumine, were also examined. Pentoxifylline, but not the NSAIDs, significantly reduced fever and respiratory signs from 2 to 6h after LPS. The levels of TNF-alpha and IL-1 in the lungs of pentoxifylline-treated pigs were moderately reduced, but were still 26 and 3.5-fold higher than in pigs inoculated with PRRSV or LPS only. This indicates that pathways other than inhibition of cytokine production contributed to the clinical improvement. Finally, we studied a mechanism by which PRRSV may sensitize the lungs for LPS. We hypothesized that PRRSV would increase the amount of LPS receptor complex in the lungs leading to LPS sensitisation. Both CD14 and LPS-binding protein, two components of this complex, increased significantly during infection and the amount of CD14 in particular was correlated with LPS sensitisation. The increase of CD14 was mainly due to infiltration of strongly CD14-positive monocytes in the lungs. The PRRSV-LPS combination proved to be a simple and reproducible experimental model for multifactorial respiratory disease in pigs. To what extent the interaction between PRRSV and LPS contributes to the development of complex respiratory disease is still a matter of debate. 相似文献
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Ilias S Frydas Ivan Trus Lise K Kvisgaard Caroline Bonckaert Vishwanatha RAP Reddy Yewei Li Lars E Larsen Hans J Nauwynck 《Veterinary research》2015,46(1)
In this study, the pathogenic behavior of PRRSV 13V091 and 13V117, isolated in 2013 from two different Belgian farms with enzootic respiratory problems shortly after weaning in the nursery, were compared with the Belgian strain 07V063 isolated in 2007. Full-length genome sequencing was performed to identify their origin. Twelve weeks-old pigs were inoculated intranasally (IN) with 13V091, 13V117 or 07V063 (9 pigs/group). At 10 days post inoculation (dpi), 4 animals from each group were euthanized and tissues were collected for pathology, virological and serological analysis. 13V091 infection resulted in the highest respiratory disease scores and longest period of fever. Gross lung lesions were more pronounced for 13V091 (13%), than for 13V117 (7%) and 07V063 (11%). The nasal shedding and viremia was also most extensive with 13V091. The 13V091 group showed the highest virus replication in conchae, tonsils and retropharyngeal lymph nodes. 13V117 infection resulted in the lowest virus replication in lymphoid tissues. 13V091 showed higher numbers of sialoadhesin− infected cells/mm2 in conchae, tonsils and spleen than 13V117 and 07V063. Neutralizing antibody response with 07V063 was stronger than with 13V091 and 13V117. It can be concluded that (i) 13V091 is a highly pathogenic type 1 subtype 1 PRRSV strain that replicates better than 07V063 and 13V117 and has a strong tropism for sialoadhesin− cells and (ii) despite the close genetic relationship between 13V117 and 07V063, 13V117 has an increased nasal replication and shedding, but a decreased replication in lymphoid tissues compared to 07V063.
Electronic supplementary material
The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13567-015-0166-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献14.
This study examined whether an infection with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) potentiates respiratory signs upon exposure to bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Five-week-old conventional pigs were inoculated intratracheally with the Lelystad strain of PRRSV and received 5 days later one or two intratracheal LPS administrations. The necessary controls were included. After LPS administration, pigs were intensively monitored for clinical signs. Additionally, some pigs were euthanatized after a second LPS administration for broncho-alveolar cell analysis and virological examinations of the lungs. Broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) cells were counted and differentiated. Lung suspensions and BAL fluids were titrated for PRRSV. Exposure of pigs to PRRSV only resulted in a fever for time periods ranging from 1 to 5 days and slight respiratory signs. Exposure of pigs to LPS only resulted in general signs, characterized by fever and depression, but respiratory signs were slight or absent. PRRSV-LPS exposed pigs, on the other hand, developed severe respiratory signs upon LPS exposure, characterized by tachypnoea, abdominal breathing and dyspnoea. Besides respiratory signs, these pigs also showed enhanced general signs, such as fever and depression. Lung neutrophil infiltration was similar in non-infected and PRRSV-infected pigs upon LPS exposure. PRRSV quantities were similar in lungs and BAL fluids of pigs infected with PRRSV only and PRRSV-LPS exposed pigs. These data show a clear synergism between PRRSV and LPS in the induction of respiratory signs in conventional pigs. The synergism was observed in 87% of the pigs. So, it can be considered as reproducible and may be used to test the efficacy of preventive and therapeutic measures. 相似文献
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Roca M Gimeno M Bruguera S Segalés J Díaz I Galindo-Cardiel IJ Martínez E Darwich L Fang Y Maldonado J March R Mateu E 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2012,193(1):92-96
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is endemic in most parts of Asia, where genotype I and II strains of diverse virulence may coexist. This study evaluated the outcome of infection with a highly virulent Asian genotype II PRRSV isolate in piglets vaccinated with a genotype I vaccine. Twenty-one 3-week-old piglets were divided in three groups: Pigs in group V (n=8) were vaccinated with an attenuated genotype I commercial PRRSV vaccine, while pigs in group U (n=8) and a control group (group C; n=5) were unvaccinated; 6 weeks later, pigs in groups V and U were challenged intranasally with a highly virulent strain of genotype II PRRSV (1×10(5) 50% tissue culture infectious doses/mL), while pigs in group C received a placebo. Over a period of 21 days after challenge, vaccinated pigs had significantly lower mortality (0/8 versus 2/8), fewer days of fever, a lower frequency of catarrhal bronchopneumonia, higher weight gains (13.4 versus 6.6 kg) and lower levels of viraemia compared to unvaccinated challenged pigs. Immunisation with a genotype I attenuated PRRSV vaccine provided partial protection against challenge with a highly virulent genotype II strain. 相似文献
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【目的】 研究猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)单独和联合脂多糖(LPS)刺激对肺脏募集中性粒细胞(Neu)的影响, 以及猪肺微血管内皮细胞(MVECs)在其中的作用。【方法】 取约10日龄仔猪的肺脏组织, 采用Ⅱ型胶原酶消化和差速贴壁法, 分离培养原代MVECs, 采用密度梯度离心法分离猪外周血Neu; 以PRRSV HN株或PRRSV-LPS刺激Neu和MVECs后, 将Neu加入培养MVECs的培养板, 孵育1 h, 4%多聚甲醛固定, 瑞氏染色, 观察并计数分析各组黏附的Neu数量; 采用免疫细胞化学染色法检测MVECs对P-选择素和E-选择素的表达; 采用虎红溶液染色法测定分析P-选择素和E-选择素抗体封闭MVECs时, PRRSV HN株或PRRSV-LPS刺激对Neu黏附于MVECs数量的影响。【结果】 分离培养的MVECs呈CD34免疫荧光染色阳性, 阳性率约为92%;PRRSV HN株刺激18 h, 黏附于MVECs的Neu数量显著增加(P<0.05);PRRSV-LPS联合刺激时, 黏附的Neu数量显著多于LPS单独刺激(P<0.05);PRRSV或PRRSV-LPS刺激Neu和MVECs二者时, 黏附Neu数量的增加比单独刺激MVECs或Neu更明显; 免疫细胞化学染色显示, MVECs强阳性表达P-选择素和E-选择素; 用P-选择素和E-选择素抗体封闭MVECs时, PRRSV或PRRSV-LPS刺激诱导的Neu黏附增加呈不同程度下降, E-选择素封闭时具有显著差异(P<0.05)。【结论】 PRRSV感染能促进Neu与MVECs黏附, 亦能增加后继LPS刺激时黏附的Neu数量, MVECs表达的E-选择素是介导PRRSV致Neu黏附增加的重要分子之一。 相似文献
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Genetic variation analysis of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus isolated in China from 2002 to 2007 based on ORF5 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Yufeng Li Xinglong Wang Ping Jiang Xiaofeng Wang Wen Chen Xianwei Wang Kewei Wang 《Veterinary microbiology》2009,138(1-2):150-155
The complete open reading frame 5 (ORF5) sequences of 34 field porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) isolates from China in 2002–2007 were detected and compared with the different variable Chinese isolates S1, CH-1a, HB-1, HB-2 and JXA1. The results showed that all isolates were of type 2 PRRSV and could be assigned to two clusters. The isolates in cluster sg1 was high similar with the highly pathogenic PRRSV strain JXA1, while sg2 clustered with type 2 PRRSV isolate VR2332. It was interesting that the isolate SH02 which was isolated from Shanghai in 2002 has 98.8% identity with JXA1 emerged in 2006. And the ZJJ07 isolate was found to be a natural recombinant between a Chinese highly pathogenic SY0608 isolate and a VR-2332 derivative NH04 isolate. Analysis of the potential glycosylation sites indicated that they were frequently mutated and formed five putative N-linked glycosylation (NGS) sites patterns based on N30, 33–35, 44 and 51 in those isolates. It indicated that the highly variable PRRSV strain with different NGS patterns spread widely in China. The great genetic diversity could be taken into consideration for the control and prevention of this disease. 相似文献
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高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒RT-PCR鉴别诊断方法的建立 总被引：6，自引：5，他引：6
2006年5月以来,我国部分猪场暴发了一种以高热、高发病率和高死亡率为特征的传染性疾病,经病原分离及分子流行病学分析证明是由一种带有nsp2部分缺失的、对猪呈高致病性的猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus,PRRSV)引起的。本实验参考GenBank发表的以及本实验室分离鉴定的PRRSV的nsp2基因序列,在nsp2缺失区的两端的保守区设计并合成了一对引物,建立了一种PRRSV的RT-PCR检测方法。该方法扩增高致病性PRRSV基因组时可获得230bp的片段,扩增经典型PRRSV时则获得320bp的片段,根据RT-PCR产物大小可将二者区分开来。通过大量临床病料的检测,并配合PCR产物测序验证,结果表明该方法简便、快速、特异,可以鉴别高致病性PRRSV,为进一步的PRRS流行病学研究提供了重要的技术手段。 相似文献
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为评价巴马小型猪对高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(HP-PRRSV)的敏感性,本研究选择PRRSV抗体阴性的16头巴马小型猪和17头本地二元杂交猪作为研究对象,分别分为低剂量接毒组、高剂量接毒组、对照组1和对照组2,低剂量、高剂量接毒组肌肉注射接种PRRSV NVDC-JXA1强毒株,对照组1和接毒组混合饲养,对照组2分开饲养作为空白对照。接毒后每天测量体温,观察精神、食欲、死亡等情况,死亡动物剖检病变,攻毒后每隔7d采血用RT-PCR法检测病原,连续观察21d。结果绝大部分猪体温升高到41℃以上,且有3个以上温次,所有接种及混养动物都死亡,巴马小型猪死亡时间在8d~17d,二元杂交猪在7d~13d,死亡动物出现肺充血、出血、实变,扁桃体、淋巴结、肝脏、肾脏、皮下有出血等症状,病原RTPCR检测为阳性,说明攻毒动物死于HP-PRRS,表明巴马小型猪对PRRSV NVDC-JXA1强毒株非常敏感,可用于PRRS活疫苗的检验。 相似文献